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Analysis of packet loss in transport layer over ATM networks

International Journal of Communication Systems 1998年第4期10卷

作者： Kazumi Kumazoe Kenji Kawahara Tetsuya Takine Yuji Oie Switching Division NEC Corporation Abiko 270-11 Japan Department of Computer Science and Electronics Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka 820 Japan Department of Information Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Osaka University Suita 565 Japan

In asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks, when cells are lost due to congestion, packets containing the lost cells should be retransmitted in the transport layer, which manages the end-to-end communication. The probability that a packet contains at least one lost cell depends on the packet length. It is thus very likely that the performance of the end-to-end communication is influenced by the packet length. In this paper, we analyse packet loss probability and the achievable maximum throughput when a block of data is divided into packets of fixed size and the lost packets are retransmitted based on the selective repeat automatic repeat request (ARQ). Through this analysis, we examine the effect of packet length and peak cell transmission rate on the performance measures mentioned above. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： ATM transport layer packet loss analysis throughput analysis

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Instruction folding in Java processor

Instruction folding in Java processor

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International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)

作者： Lee-Ren Ton Lung-Chung Chang Min-Fu Kao Han-Min Tseng Shi-Sheng Shang Ruey-Liang Ma Dze-Chaung Wang Chung-Ping Chung Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Division of Computer and Communication Laboratories Industrial Technology and Research Institute Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0818682272

Traditionally, the performance of a stack machine was limited by the true data dependency. A performance enhancement mechanism-Stack Operations Folding-was used in Sun Microelectronics' picoJava design and it can reduce up to 60% of all stack operations. In this paper, we use the Java bytecode language as the target machine language, and study its instruction folding on a proposed machine model. Three folding strategies: 2-foldable, 3-foldable and 4-foldable, were simulated and evaluated. Statistical data show that our third folding strategy eliminates 73% of all stack operations, and each strategy has an overall program speedup of 1.19, 1.25 and 1.26, respectively, as compared to a traditional stack machine. Moreover, a Java machine model suitable for instruction folding, together with its pipeline stages, are presented. It seems to have the best cost/performance effectiveness of a Java stack machine if six bytes decoder width and the second folding strategy-the three-foldable strategy-are adopted.

关键词： Java Sun Costs Pipelines Decoding computer networks Application software Performance analysis Analytical models computer science

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A new estimation formula for minimum filter length of optimum FIR low-pass digital filters

A new estimation formula for minimum filter length of optimu...

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International Conference on information, Communications and Signal Processing

作者： K. Ichige K. Ueda M. Iwaki R. Ishii Tsukuba Univ. Ibaraki Japan College of Information Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Ishikawa Japan Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yokohama National University Yokohama Japan

This paper presents an accurate estimation formula for the minimum filter length of optimum (the minimax criterion based) FIR low-pass digital filters when ripples in passband and those in stopband are identical. Two estimation formulae have been already proposed, but they have some problems which lead to wrong estimation. Discussing the problems based on both experimental results and theoretical considerations, we propose a new estimation formula. The accuracy of the proposed formula, is evaluated for some design examples and compared with that of the conventional formulae.

关键词： Digital filters Finite impulse response filter Low pass filters Minimax techniques Passband Design optimization Cutoff frequency Educational institutions information filtering information filters

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A cellular neural network learning the pseudorandom behaviour of a complex system

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS 1996年第3期80卷 405-413页

作者： Tzionas, P Laboratory of Electrical and Electronic Materials Technology Division of Electronics and Information Systems Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Democritus University of Thrace Xanthi 67100 Greece

This paper presents the development of a Cellular Neural Network (CNN) architecture that is capable of learning the behaviour of a Cellular Automaton (CA) operating under local rule 30. Such a CA rule models the complex behaviour of a random system. The CNN was trained using the Levenberg-Marquardt approximation to Newton's method and convergence was achieved very fast. The proposed CNN was able to generalize efficiently and it can be used as a pseudorandom number generator. The CNN architecture proposed in this paper is especially suited to VLSI implementation due to its inherent regularity, modularity and parallelism and also, due to the locality of interconnections.

关键词： NEURAL networks (computer science) CELLULAR automata

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60-GHz virtual common-drain-biased oscillator design using an empirical HEMT model

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS 1996年第8期E79C卷 1144-1151页

作者： Shirakawa, K Kawasaki, Y Shimizu, M Ohashi, Y Saito, T Okubo, N Daido, Y Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd. Wireless Communication Systems Laboratories Kawasaki-shi 211 Japan Kanazawa Institute of Technology Information and Computer Engineering Division Kanazawa-shi 921 Japan

We studied a 0.15-mu m InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs pseudomorphic HEMT operating under a negative drain bias, using a parameter extraction technique based on an analytical parameter transformation. The bias-dependent data of small signal equivalent circuit elements was obtained from S-parameters measured at up to 62.5 GHz at various bias settings. We then described the intrinsic part of the device using a new empirical large-signal model in which charge conservation and dispersion effects were taken into consideration. As far as we know, this is the first report to clarify the behavior of a HEMT operating under negative drain bias. We included our large signal model in a commercially-available harmonic-balance simulator as a user-defined model, and designed a 60 GHz MMIC oscillator. The fabricated oscillator's characteristics agreed well with the design calculations.

关键词： HEMT large-signal millimeter-wave oscillator virtual common-drain

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Edge detection using neural network for non-uniformly illuminated images

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON information AND SYSTEMS 1996年第2期E79D卷 150-160页

作者： Bhuiyan, MS Matsuo, H Iwata, A Fujimoto, H Satoh, M Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya-shi 466 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya-shi 466 Japan Hitachi Ltd. Tokyo Japan Division of Government Public Corporation Information Systems

Existing edge detection methods provide unsatisfactory results when contrast changes largely within an image due to non-uniform illumination. Koch et al. developed an energy function based upon the Hopfield neural network, whose coefficients were fixed by trial and error, and remain constant for the entire image, irrespective of the differences in intensity level. This paper presents an improved edge detection method for non-uniformly illuminated images. We propose that the energy function coefficients for an image with inconsistent illumination should not remain fixed, rather should vary as a second-order function of the intensity differences between pixels, and actually use a schedule of changing coefficients. The results, compared with those of existing methods, suggest a better strategy for edge detection depending upon both the dynamic range of the original image pixel values as well as their contrast.

关键词： neural network edge detection line process energy function coefficients image processing edge growth

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Exceptional Knowledge Discovery in Databases based on information Theory 2

Exceptional Knowledge Discovery in Databases based on Inform...

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2nd International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, KDD 1996

作者： Suzuki, Einoshin Shimura, Masamichi Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Yokohama National University 156 Tokiwadai Hodogaya Yokohama240 Japan Dept.of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering 2-12 Ohokayama Meguro Tokyo152 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)1577350049

This paper presents an algorithm for discovering exceptional knowledge from *** knowledge, which is defined as an exception to a general fact, exhibits unexpectedness and is sometimes extremely useful in spite of its obscurity Previous discovery approaches for this type of knowledge employ either background knowledge or domain-specific criteria for evaluating the possible usefulness, *** inter-estingness of the knowledge extracted from a database It has been pointed out, however, that these approaches are prone to overlook useful *** order to circumvent these difficulties, we propose an information-theoretic approach in which we obtain exceptional knowledge associated with general knowledge in the form of a rule pair using a depth-first search *** product of the ACEs (Average Compressed Entropies) of the rule pair is introduced as the criterion for evaluating the interestingness of exceptional *** inefficiency of depth-first search is alleviated by a branch-and-bound method, which exploits the upper-bound for the product of the ***, which is a knowledge discovery system based on our approach, has been validated using the benchmark databases in the machine learning community. © 1996 AAAI (***). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Branch and bound method

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Visibility with multiple reflections 5th

Visibility with multiple reflections

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5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory, SWAT 1996

作者： Aronov, Boris Davis, Alan R. Dey, Tamal K. Pal, Sudebkumar P. Chithra Prasad, D. Computer and Information Science Department Polytechnic University BrooklynNY11201 United States Division of Computer Science Mathematics and Science St. Johns University NY11439 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur721302 India

ISBN: (纸本)3540614222

We show that the region lit by a point fight source inside a simple n-gon after at most k reflections off the boundary has combinatorial complexity O(n2k), for any k > 1. A lower bound of Ω((n/k)2k) is also established which matches the upper bound for any fixed k. A simple near-optimal algorithm for computing the illuminated region is presented, which runs in O(n2k log n) time and O(n2k) space for any k>1. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1996.

关键词： computers

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An empirical text categorizing computational model based on stylistic aspects

An empirical text categorizing computational model based on ...

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International Conference on Tools for Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI)

作者： S.E. Michos E. Stamatatos N. Fakotakis G. Kokkinakis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Division of Telecommunications and Information Technology University of Patras Greece

The presented work is strongly motivated by the need for categorizing unrestricted text in terms of a functional style (FS) in order to attain a satisfying outcome in style processing. Towards this aim, a three level description of FS is given that comprises: (a) the basic categories of FS; (b) the main features that characterize each one of the above categories; and (c) the linguistic identifiers that act as style markers in text for the identification of the above features. Special emphasis is put on the problems that faced the computational implementation of the aforementioned findings, as well as the selection of the most appropriate stylometrics (i.e., stylistic scores) to achieve better results on text categorization. This approach is language independent, empirically driven, and can be used in various applications including grammar and style checking, natural language generation, style verification in real world text, and recognition of style shift between adjacent portions of text.

关键词： Text categorization Computational modeling Telecommunication computing Statistical analysis information technology Natural languages Text recognition Marine vehicles Humans Educational institutions

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Performance analysis of the synchronization mechanism used at the VIRUS interface

Performance analysis of the synchronization mechanism used a...

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IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)

作者： A. Maniatopoulos T. Antonakopoulos V. Makios Division of Telecommunications and Technology of Information Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Patras Patras Greece

In this paper the performance analysis of a new high-speed cell-based interface is presented. The so called VIRUS interface can be used for replacing existing physical layer interfaces of cell-based networks, since its functions result in lower hardware complexity and, thus, it can be easily used at higher data rates. The interface analysis is mainly focused on the evaluation of the proposed synchronization method as well as on the effects of the line coding scheme on the synchronization procedure. The results prove the advantage of the proposed interface when used for cell-based communication networks and high-speed point-to-point interfaces.

关键词： Performance analysis Asynchronous transfer mode Counting circuits Protocols Transmitters Electronic mail Physical layer Hardware Communication networks Throughput

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