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IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium

作者： Michael A. Berthaume Matthieu Toulemonde Laura Peralta Kirsten Christensen-Jeffries Enrico Grisan Sevan Harput Division of Mechanical Engineering and Design London South Bank University London UK ULIS Group London UK School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences King's College London UK Division of Computer Science and Informatics London South Bank University London UK Division of Electrical and Electronic Engineering London South Bank University London UK

ISBN: (数字)9781728154480

ISBN: (纸本)9781728154497

The fabella is a sesamoid bone usually located in the tendon of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle, behind the knee joint. Prevalence rates in human populations vary widely with an average of 42.5% people having a fabella. Clinically, it is associated with a number of knee ailments, most notably the osteoarthritis of the knee and generalized knee pain (i.e., fabella syndrome). As the function of the fabella remains unknown, the biomechanical consequences of fabella presence/absence can only be speculated. Successfully detecting the fabella, measuring its size and determining its shape, are off importance for clinical and evolutionary researchers. In this work, we compare plane wave imaging with conventional focused imaging and evaluate their performance for detecting and characterizing the fabella.

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasonic variables measurement Imaging Coherence Bones Statistics Tendons

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An Explicit Time Domain Finite Element Boundary Integral Method with Element Level Domain Decomposition for Electromagnetic Scattering Analysis

An Explicit Time Domain Finite Element Boundary Integral Met...

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European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP

作者： Ming Dong Ping Li Hakan Bagci Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Design and Electromagnetic Compatibility of High-Speed Electronic Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9788831299008

ISBN: (纸本)9781728137124

A numerical scheme, which hybridizes the element level dual field time domain finite element domain decomposition method (ELDFDD/TDFEM) and time domain boundary integral (TDBI) method to accurately and efficiently analyze open-region transient electromagnetic scattering problems, is proposed. The element level decomposition permits an efficient leapfrog-like explicit marching scheme to be used to integrate Maxwell equations in time. The hybridization with TDBI method ensures that an accurate solution can be obtained in the smallest computation domain possible. The accuracy and applicability of the proposed hybrid method is demonstrated by numerical experiments.

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Novel Smart N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirator with Real-time Adaptive Fit Functionality and Wireless Humidity Monitoring for Enhanced Wearable Comfort

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kwon, Kangkyu Lee, Yoon Jae Jung, Yeongju Soltis, Ira Choi, Chanyeong Na, Yewon Romero, Lissette Kim, Myung Chul Rodeheaver, Nathan Kim, Hodam Lloyd, Michael S. Zhuang, Ziqing King, William Xu, Susan Ko, Seung-Hwan Lee, Jinwoo Yeo, Woon-Hong School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Nanoengineering Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States School of Industrial Design Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Division of Cardiology Emory University School of Medicine AtlantaGA30322 United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory PittsburghPA15236 United States Seoul National University Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical Robotics and Energy Engineering Dongguk University 30 Pildongro 1-gil Jung-gu Seoul04620 Korea Republic of Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Neural Engineering Center Institute for Materials Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States

The widespread emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed our lifestyle, and facial respirators have become an essential part of daily life. Nevertheless, the current respirators possess several limitations such as poor respirator fit because they are incapable of covering diverse human facial sizes and shapes, potentially diminishing the effect of wearing respirators. In addition, the current facial respirators do not inform the user of the air quality within the smart facepiece respirator in case of continuous long-term use. Here, we demonstrate the novel smart N-95 filtering facepiece respirator that incorporates the humidity sensor and pressure sensory feedback-enabled self-fit adjusting functionality for the effective performance of the facial respirator to prevent the transmission of airborne pathogens. The laser-induced graphene (LIG) constitutes the humidity sensor, and the pressure sensor array based on the dielectric elastomeric sponge monitors the respirator contact on the user’s face, providing the sensory information for a closed-loop feedback mechanism. As a result of the self-fit adjusting mode along with elastomeric lining, the fit factor is increased by 3.20 and 5 times at average and maximum respectively. We expect that the experimental proof-of-concept of this work will offer viable solutions to the current commercial respirators to address the *** Codes 92C55 Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphene

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Empty Squares in Arbitrary Orientation Among Points∗

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Bae, Sang Won Yoon, Sang Duk Division of Computer Science and Engineering Kyonggi University Suwon Korea Republic of Department of Service and Design Engineering Sungshin Women’s University Seoul Korea Republic of

This paper studies empty squares in arbitrary orientation among a set P of n points in the plane. We prove that the number of empty squares with four contact pairs is between Ω(n) and O(n2), and that these bounds are tight, provided P is in a certain general position. A contact pair of a square is a pair of a point p ∈ P and a side ` of the square with p ∈ `. The upper bound O(n2) also applies to the number of empty squares with four contact points, while we construct a point set among which there is no square of four contact points. These combinatorial results are based on new observations on the L∞ Voronoi diagram with the axes rotated and its close connection to empty squares in arbitrary orientation. We then present an algorithm that maintains a combinatorial structure of the L∞ Voronoi diagram of P, while the axes of the plane continuously rotates by 90 degrees, and simultaneously reports all empty squares with four contact pairs among P in an output-sensitive way within O(slog n) time and O(n) space, where s denotes the number of reported squares. Several new algorithmic results are also obtained: a largest empty square among P and a square annulus of minimum width or minimum area that encloses P over all orientations can be computed in worst-case O(n2 log n) time. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphic methods

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What motivates bladder cancer patients to be active? A qualitative study assessing attitudes towards physical activity and digital health technologies

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Urologic oncology 2025年

作者： Alex Zhu Jessica Sher Richard Li Otari Ioseliani Leah Cantor Elena G Brewer Karla Landis David Bridges Sean A Munson Hanna Hunter Cindy Lin Sarah P Psutka Department of Urology University of Washington Seattle WA. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA. University of Washington Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering Seattle WA. The Sports Institute at UW Medicine Seattle WA. Department of Human Centered Design & Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA Clinical Research Division Fred Hutchison Cancer Center Seattle WA. Department of Urology University of Washington Seattle WA Clinical Research Division Fred Hutchison Cancer Center Seattle WA. Electronic address: spsutka@uw.edu.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:Patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy (RC) are often older, frail and deconditioned, leaving them with limited reserve to endure the demands of treatment. As a result, improving physical fitness in this population remains a critical need. Two emerging means to do so include the implementation of exercise programs pre- and postsurgery (i.e. (p)rehabilitation), and the use of digital health technologies (i.e. Fitbit®, Apple Watch™, exercise apps) to incentivize physical activity. However, little is known about the motivations of NAC/RC patients to be active or their perceptions towards digital health technologies. METHODS:We conducted semi-structured interviews with bladder cancer survivors who previously underwent NAC/RC. We asked participants to reflect upon their experience throughout the course of treatment as it pertained to (1) barriers of physical activity, (2) facilitators of physical activity, and (3) how digital health technologies can promote physical activity. These findings will inform the design of a Phase II exercise prehabilitation trial (GetMoving, NCT06040762). RESULTS:9 patients were interviewed and common themes emerged. Patients undergoing NAC/RC desired a structured exercise plan outlining the duration, intensity and frequency of exercise to perform. Encouragement to exercise and "check ins" from their provider were critical in maintaining their motivation to exercise. Objective measurements of their fitness would help with setting fitness goals and adhering to training plans. All patients would use digital health technologies to improve their health. CONCLUSIONS:We provide a novel study assessing the perceptions of bladder cancer survivors towards exercise motivations and digital health technologies.

关键词： Digital health technology Exercise Muscle invasive bladder cancer Neoadjuvant chemotherapy Physical activity Radical cystectomy

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EEG microstates: Functional significance and short-term test-retest reliability

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Neuroimage: Reports 2022年第2期2卷 100089-100089页

作者： Antonova, Elena Holding, Martin Suen, Ho Chak Sumich, Alex Maex, Reinoud Nehaniv, Chrystopher Division of Psychology Department of Life Sciences College of Health Medicine and Life Sciences & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Brunel University London Kingston Lane Uxbridge UB8 3PH United Kingdom Department of Psychology Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience King's College London De Crespigny Park London SE5 8AF United Kingdom Department of Psychology School of Social Sciences Nottingham Trent University 50 Shakespeare Street Nottingham NG1 4FQ United Kingdom Royal Society Wolfson Biocomputation Research Laboratory Centre for Computer Science and Informatics Research University of Hertfordshire College Lane Hatfield AL10 9AB United Kingdom Departments of Systems Design Engineering and Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue W Waterloo N2L 3G1 ON Canada

EEG microstates, reflecting discrete topographical organization of the EEG signal power, may have clinical relevance;however, their functional significance and test-retest reliability remain unclear. To investigate the functional significance of the canonical EEG microstate classes and their pairwise transitions, and to establish their within-session test-retest reliability, we recorded 36-channel EEGs in 20 healthy volunteers during three eyes-closed conditions: mind-wandering, verbalization (silently repeating the word ‘square’ every 2 s), and visualization (visualizing a square every 2 s). Each condition lasted 3 min and the sequence of three conditions was repeated four times (two runs of two sequence repetitions). The participants' alertness and their sense of effort during the experiment were rated using visual-analogue scales. The EEG data were 2–20 Hz bandpass-filtered and analysed into the four canonical microstate classes: A, B, C, and D. EEG microstate classes C and D were persistently more dominant than classes A and B in all conditions. Of the first-order microstate parameters, average microstate duration was most reliable. The duration of class D microstate was longer during mind-wandering (106.8 ms) than verbalization (102.2 ms) or visualization (99.8 ms), with a concomitantly higher coverage (36.4% vs. 34.7% and 35.2%), but otherwise there was no clear association of the four microstate classes to particular mental states. The test-retest reliability was higher at the beginning of each run, together with higher average alpha power and subjective ratings of alertness. Only the transitions between classes C and D (from C to D in particular) were significantly higher than what would be expected from the respective microstates' occurrences. The transition probabilities, however, did not distinguish between conditions, and their test-retest reliability was overall lower than that of the first-order parameters such as duration and coverage. Further studies

关键词： Biomarkers EEG microstates Mind-wandering Neuroimaging Resting-state EEG Resting-state networks

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Identifying and planning for individualized change: Patient-provider collaboration using lightweight food diaries in healthy eating and irritable bowel syndrome

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Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 2019年第1期3卷 1–27页

作者： Chung, Chia-Fang Wang, Qiaosi Schroeder, Jessica Cole, Allison Zia, Jasmine Fogarty, James Munson, Sean A. Informatics Indiana University Bloomington BloomingtonIN47405 United States School of Interactive Computing Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering DUB Group University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Family Medicine University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Division of Gastroenterology University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Human Centered Design and Engineering DUB Group University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States

Identifying and planning strategies that support a healthy lifestyle or manage a chronic disease often require patient-provider collaboration. For example, people with healthy eating goals often share everyday food, exercise, or sleep data with health coaches or nutritionists to find opportunities for change, and patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often gather food and symptom data as part of working with providers to diagnose and manage symptoms. However, a lack of effective support often prevents health experts from reviewing large amounts of data in time-constrained visits, prevents focusing on individual goals, and prevents generating correct, individualized, and actionable recommendations. To examine how to design photo-based diaries to help people and health experts exchange knowledge and focus on collaboration goals when reviewing the data together, we designed and developed Foodprint, a photo-based food diary. Foodprint includes three components: (1) A mobile app supporting lightweight data collection, (2) a web app with photo-based visualization and quantitative visualizations supporting collaborative reflection, and (3) a pre-visit note communicating an individual's expectations and questions to experts. We deployed Foodprint in two studies: (1) with 17 people with healthy eating goals and 7 health experts, and (2) with 16 IBS patients and 8 health experts. Building upon the lens of boundary negotiating artifacts and findings from two field studies, our research contributes design principles to (1) prepare individuals to collect data relevant to their health goals and for collaboration, (2) help health experts focus on an individual's eating context, experiences, and goals in collaborative review, and (3) support individuals and experts to develop individualized, actionable plans and strategies. © 2019 Association for Computing Machinery.

关键词： Data acquisition

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New approaches to evacuation modelling for fire safety engineering applications

New approaches to evacuation modelling for fire safety engin...

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作者： Ronchi, Enrico Corbetta, Alessandro Galea, Edwin R. Kinateder, Max Kuligowski, Erica McGrath, Denise Pel, Adam Shiban, Youssef Thompson, Peter Toschi, Federico Division of Fire Safety Engineering Lund University Sweden Department of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands Fire Safety Engineering Group University of Greenwich United Kingdom NRC Construction – Fire Safety National Research Council Canada Fire Research Division National Institute of Standards and Technology United States School of Public Health Physiotherapy and Sports Science University College Dublin Ireland Transport and Planning Delft University of Technology Netherlands Department of Psychology PFH Private University Göttingen Germany Generative Design Division Autodesk Inc. United States Department of Applied Physics and Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands

This paper presents the findings of the workshop "New approaches to evacuation modelling", which took place on the 11th of June 2017 in Lund (Sweden)within the Symposium of the International Association for Fire Safety science (IAFSS). The workshop gathered international experts in the field of fire evacuation modelling from 19 different countries and was designed to build a dialogue between the fire evacuation modelling world and experts in areas outside of fire safety engineering. The contribution to fire evacuation modelling of five topics within research disciplines outside fire safety engineering (FSE)have been discussed during the workshop, namely 1)Psychology/Human Factors, 2)Sociology, 3)Applied Mathematics, 4)Transportation, 5)Dynamic Simulation and Biomechanics. The benefits of exchanging information between these two groups are highlighted here in light of the topic areas discussed and the feedback received by the evacuation modelling community during the workshop. This included the feasibility of development/application of modelling methods based on fields other than FSE as well as a discussion on their implementation strengths and limitations. Each subject area is here briefly presented and its links to fire evacuation modelling are discussed. The feedback received during the workshop is discussed through a set of insights which might be useful for the future developments of evacuation models for fire safety engineering. © 2019

关键词： Smoke

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Title: On-the-fly Closed-loop Autonomous Materials Discovery via Bayesian Active Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Kusne, A. Gilad Yu, Heshan Wu, Changming Zhang, Huairuo Hattrick-Simpers, Jason DeCost, Brian Sarker, Suchismita Oses, Corey Toher, Cormac Curtarolo, Stefano Davydov, Albert V. Agarwal, Ritesh Bendersky, Leonid A. Li, Mo Mehta, Apurva Takeuchi, Ichiro Materials Measurement Science Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Materials Science and Engineering Department University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Electrical & Computer Engineering Department University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Materials Science and Engineering Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Theiss Research Inc. La JollaCA92037 United States Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Department Center for Autonomous Materials Design Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Materials Science and Engineering Department University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Maryland Quantum Materials Center University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

Active learning – the field of machine learning (ML) dedicated to optimal experiment design, has played a part in science as far back as the 18th century when Laplace used it to guide his discovery of celestial mechanics1. In this work we focus a closed-loop, active learning-driven autonomous system on another major challenge, the discovery of advanced materials against the exceedingly complex synthesis-processes-structure-property landscape. We demonstrate autonomous research methodology (i.e. autonomous hypothesis definition and evaluation) that can place complex, advanced materials in reach, allowing scientists to fail smarter, learn faster, and spend less resources in their studies, while simultaneously improving trust in scientific results and machine learning tools. Additionally, this robot science enables science-over-the-network, reducing the economic impact of scientists being physically separated from their labs. We used the real-time closed-loop, autonomous system for materials exploration and optimization (CAMEO) at the synchrotron beamline to accelerate the fundamentally interconnected tasks of rapid phase mapping and property optimization, with each cycle taking seconds to minutes, resulting in the discovery of a novel epitaxial nanocomposite phase-change memory material. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Astrophysics

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Achieving High-Yield Conversion of Janus Transition Metal Dichalcogenides on Diverse Substrates

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ACS nano 2025年第22期19卷 2025 Jun 2页

作者： Xueqiu Zheng Kunyan Zhang Xiantuo Zhao Jian Zhou Hongzhi Shen Jing Kong Yunfan Guo Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China. Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 United States. Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley California 94720 United States. Center for Alloy Innovation and Design State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China. Research Center for Industries of the Future and School of Engineering Westlake University Hangzhou 310030 China. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 United States.

Janus transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) with intrinsic broken mirror symmetry and vertical dipole moment provide an additional degree of freedom to manipulate material symmetry down to atomic-layer thickness. However, despite advances in synthesis strategies, fundamental understanding of this atomic substitution process remains limited, which has impeded their implementation in advanced devices. Here, by using a room-temperature atomic-layer substitution (RT-ALS) strategy, we systematically investigate the critical factors facilitating the high-yield conversion of Janus TMDCs on diverse substrates. Combining Raman spectroscopy probes, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrate that substrates with enhanced electron doping or larger surface polarity substantially benefit the conversion of Janus TMDCs reaching a near-unity yield. Intriguingly, the strong affinity between Janus TMDCs and substrates (e.g., Au) brings about abnormal Raman spectroscopic phenomena. These findings highlight the significance of substrates in achieving the reliable synthesis of Janus two-dimensional materials with improved homogeneity on various substrates. In addition, this takes us one step closer to utilizing Janus TMDCs as a versatile platform in next-generation optoelectronic devices, sensors, and quantum technologies.

关键词： Janus transition metal dichalcogenide controlled synthesis diverse substrates doping polarity strain

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