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arXiv 2024年

作者： Dodig-Crnkovic, Gordana Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Division of Computer Science and Software Engineering School of Innovation Design and Engineering Mälardalen University Västerås Sweden

Traditionally, cognition has been considered a uniquely human capability involving perception, memory, learning, reasoning, and problem-solving. However, recent research shows that cognition is a fundamental ability shared by all living beings, from single cells to complex organisms. This chapter takes an info-computational approach (ICON), viewing natural structures as information and the processes of change in these structures as computations. It is a relational framework dependent on the perspective of a cognizing observer/cognizer. Informational structures are properties of the material substrate, and when focusing on the behavior of the substrate, we discuss morphological computing (MC). ICON and MC are complementary perspectives for a cognizer. Information and computation are inseparably connected with cognition. This chapter explores research connecting nature as a computational structure for a cognizer, with morphological computation, morphogenesis, agency, extended cognition, and extended evolutionary synthesis, using examples of the free energy principle and active inference. It introduces theoretical and practical approaches challenging traditional computational models of cognition limited to abstract symbol processing, highlighting the computational capacities inherent in the material substrate (embodiment). Understanding the embodiment of cognition through its morphological computational basis is crucial for biology, evolution, intelligence theory, AI, robotics, and other fields. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

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Plant Disease Classification Using VGG-19 Based Faster-RCNN 7th

Plant Disease Classification Using VGG-19 Based Faster-RCNN

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Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advances in Computing and Data sciences, ICACDS 2023

作者： Nawaz, Marriam Nazir, Tahira Khan, Muhammad Attique Rajinikanth, Venkatesan Kadry, Seifedine Department of Software Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Taxila47050 Pakistan Faculty of Computing Department of Computer Science Riphah International University Gulberg Green Campus Islamabad Pakistan Department of Computer Science HITEC University Taxila Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Division of Research and Innovation Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai602105 India Department of Applied Data Science Noroff University College Kristiansand4612 Norway Ajman University Ajman346 United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon

ISBN: (纸本)9783031379390

Early plant disease diagnosis can help farmers avoid spending money on costly crop pesticides and aid them to boost food production. Scientists have put a lot of effort to classify plant diseases, but it is difficult to quickly locate and identify different crop abnormalities due to the high degree of resemblance between the normal and damaged parts of plant leaves. Additionally, the procedure of detecting plant diseases has been made more challenging due to the extensive color, size, shape, and intensity variations in the background and foreground of the plant images. To address the existing difficulties, we have introduced an effective deep learning (DL) based system called Faster-RCNN o recognize and classify various types of plant diseases. The suggested method consists of 3 basic steps. In order to identify the area of interest in investigated samples, we first create annotations for them which are later used for Faster-RCNN training. The Faster-RCNN model employs the VGG-19 network to extract the relevant keypoints from the given images which are later passed to the regressor and classification units to identify and categorize the various crop diseases using the estimated features. We evaluated our method on a widely used standard plant sample repository called the PlantVillage database, and the findings show that our approach is reliable for classifying plant diseases under a variety of image-capturing scenarios. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Crops

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A Mutation-Guided Assessment of Acceleration Approaches for Continuous Integration: An Empirical Study of YourBase

A Mutation-Guided Assessment of Acceleration Approaches for ...

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International Mining software Repositories, MSR

作者： Zhili Zeng Tao Xiao Maxime Lamothe Hideaki Hata Shane McIntosh Software REBELs University of Waterloo Canada Division of Information Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology Japan Department of Computer Engineering and Software Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Canada Faculty of Engineering Shinshu University Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798400705878

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363982

Continuous Integration (CI) is a popular software development practice that quickly verifies updates to codebases. To cope with the ever-increasing demand for faster software releases, CI acceleration approaches have been proposed; however, adoption of CI acceleration is not without risks. For example, CI acceleration products may mislabel change sets (e.g., a build labeled as failing that passes in an unaccelerated setting or vice versa) or produce results that are inconsistent with an unaccelerated build (e.g., the underlying reasons for failure differ between (un)accelerated builds). These inconsistencies threaten the trustworthiness of CI acceleration *** this paper, we propose an approach inspired by mutation testing to systematically evaluate the trustworthiness of CI acceleration. We apply our approach to YourBase, a program analysis-based CI acceleration product, and uncover issues that hinder its trustworthiness. First, we study how often the same build in accelerated and unaccelerated CI settings produce different mutation testing outcomes. We call mutants with different outcomes in the two settings "gap mutants". Next, we study the code locations where gap mutants appear. Finally, we inspect gap mutants to understand why acceleration causes them to survive. Our analysis of ten open-source projects uncovers 2,237 gap mutants. We find that: (1) the gap mutants account for 0.11%–23.50% of the studied mutants; (2) 88.95% of gap mutants can be mapped to specific source code functions and classes using the dependency representation of the studied CI acceleration product; and (3) 69% of gap mutants survive CI acceleration due to deterministic reasons that can be classified into six fault patterns. Our results show that even deterministic CI acceleration solutions suffer from trustworthiness limitations, and highlight the ways in which trustworthiness could be pragmatically improved.

关键词： Accelerometers Codes Source coding Life estimation software Complexity theory Reliability

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Distributionally Robust Control for Chance-Constrained Signal Temporal Logic Specifications 63

Distributionally Robust Control for Chance-Constrained Signa...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Kordabad, Arash Bahari Vlahakis, Eleftherios E. Lindemann, Lars Dimarogonas, Dimos V. Soudjani, Sadegh Max Planck Institute for Software Systems Kaiserslautern Germany Kth Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems Stockholm Sweden University of Southern California Viterbi School of Engineering Thomas Lord Department of Computer Science Los Angeles United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

We consider distributionally robust optimal control of stochastic linear systems under signal temporal logic (STL) chance constraints when the disturbance distribution is unknown. By assuming that the underlying predicate functions are Lipschitz continuous and the noise realizations are drawn from a distribution having a concentration of measure property, we first formulate the underlying chance-constrained control problem as stochastic programming with constraints on expectations and propose a solution using a distributionally robust approach based on the Wasserstein metric. We show that by choosing a proper Wasserstein radius, the original chance-constrained optimization can be satisfied with a user-defined confidence level. A numerical example illustrates the efficacy of the method. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Search and Recommendation Systems with Metadata Extensions

Search and Recommendation Systems with Metadata Extensions

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International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT)

作者： Woo-Hyeon Kim Joo-Chang Kim Division of AI Computer Science and Computer Engineering Kyonggi University South Korea Contents Convergence Software Research Institute Kyonggi University South Korea

This paper proposes an AI-based video metadata extension model to overcome the limitations of video search and recommendation systems in the multimedia industry. Current video searches and recommendations utilize pre-added metadata. Metadata includes filenames, keywords, tags, genres, etc. This makes it impossible to make direct predictions about the content of a video without pre-added metadata. These platforms also analyze your previous search history, viewing history, etc. to understand your interests in order to serve you personalized videos. This may not reflect the actual content and may raise privacy concerns. In addition, recommendation systems suffer from a cold start problem, which is the lack of an initial target, as well as a bubble effect. Therefore, this study proposes a search and recommendation system by expanding metadata in videos using techniques such as shot boundary detection, speech recognition, and text mining. The proposed method selects the main objects required by the recommendation system based on the object frequency and extracts the corresponding objects from the video frame by frame. In addition, we extract the speech from the video separately, convert the speech to text to extract the script and apply text mining techniques to the extracted script to quantify it. Then, we synchronize the object frequency and the transcript to create a single contextual data. After that, we group videos and clips based on the contextual data and index them. Finally, we utilize Shot Boundary Detection to segment videos based on their content. To ensure that the generated contextual data is appropriate for the video, the proposed model compares the extracted script with the video's subtitle data to check and calibrate its accuracy. The model can then be fine-tuned by tuning and cross-validating the hyperparameter to improve its performance. These models can be incorporated into a variety of content discovery and recommendation platforms. By using expanded

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Optimization Performance Analysis of Different Initialization Methods in Single-Objective and Multi-Objective Chaotic Evolution

Optimization Performance Analysis of Different Initializatio...

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International Symposium on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems (SCIS)

作者： Xiaoyi Zhang Yan Pei Huiyan Jiang Graduate School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Aizu Aizuwakamatsu Japan Computer Science Division University of Aizu Aizuwakamatsu Japan College of Software Northeastern University Shenyang China

ISBN: (数字)9798350373332

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373349

Chaotic Evolution (CE) is a significantly faster and more robust method for solving single-objective and multi-objective optimization problems. However, there are various factors that can impact the performance of CE, with population initialization being one of them. A well-executed initialization method can contribute to the discovery of better solutions and enhance both convergence rate and accuracy. This paper conducts a comparative experiment on CE algorithms using six different initialization methods. The performance of the CE algorithms utilizing these various initialization methods is analyzed and discussed. To assess convergence rate and accuracy, eight single-objective optimization benchmark functions and five multi-objective optimization benchmark functions are employed in our analysis. The evaluation results reveal significant disparities among the six initialization methods, indicating that different approaches to initialization have a substantial influence on the optimization performance of the CE algorithm.

关键词： Accuracy Benchmark testing Performance analysis Optimization Convergence

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Enhancing Sovereign Allocation of Resources in Cloud Milieus Using a Causal Dilated Geometric Algebra Approach for Dynamic Scalability 2

Enhancing Sovereign Allocation of Resources in Cloud Milieus...

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2nd International Conference on Machine Learning and Autonomous Systems, ICMLAS 2025

作者： Katru, Chandrasekhar Rao Srinivasan, Sathish Kumar, Mohan Yadwad, Sunita Satish, G. Maranan, Ramya Lead Software Engineer Indian LandSC29707 United States Machine Learning & AI Development Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Division San FranciscoCA United States Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Department of Information Science and Engineering Karnataka Bengaluru India Parul institute of Engineering and Technology Parul University Computer science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Gujarat India Sree Dattha Institute of Engineering and Science Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Telangana Sheriguda India Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Department of Research and Innovation Tamil Nadu Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505745

Cloud environments utilize availability and usage of resources as crucial components in order to produce scalability, reliability and low cost. Such resource capabilities require autonomous systems that can handle these resources dynamically in spite of fluctuating workloads and service delivery requirements. Static models of resource management suffer from scalability and inability to react on the fly and accurately predict the demand thus causing Service Level Agreement (SLA) breaches and affecting the Quality of Service (QoS) as well as energy consumption profile. Advanced and elaborative cloud workloads require an intelligent system that can analyse the temporal and spatial patterns without impacting the overall system's performance significantly. Inspired by these challenges, this research proposes a Causal Dilated Geometric Algebra Convolutional Transformer Network (CATNet) along with the Prairie-Dog Optimizer (P-DogO), referred to as CAT-DogNet to learn and predict the dynamic scalability. CATNet integrates Causal Dilated Convolutional Networks in time domain for temporal structure capturing and Geometric Algebra Transformer for spatial resource coding. P-DogO adjusts weight parameters and losses for resource allocation, enhancing them depending on a work environment. A set of comprehensive assessments demonstrate a 0.85% SLA violation rate, average response time of less than 10ms, and overall 12.3% less energy consumption than baseline methods. The system had favourable predictability rates over 99.4% for the resource demand estimate. CAT-DogN et presents a sound and agnostic architecture for autonomous resource allocation in cloud environment, which indeed extend the state of art by considering flexibility, power consumption and QoS compliance. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

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A Real-Time Optimization Model for Production Planning in Quarry Sites 8

A Real-Time Optimization Model for Production Planning in Qu...

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8th IEEE International Conference on Industrial engineering and Applications, ICIEA 2021

作者： Fattouh, Anas Bohlin, Markus Sundmark, Daniel Mälardalen University Division of Computer Science and Software Engineering Västerås Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781665428958

A quarry site is used to produce gravel with different granularities based on the customer's needs. The production process consists of different stages that need to be planned in order to achieve high productivity and low cost. During the operation of the quarry site, the operating parameters change, and the site productivity could be affected, therefore, a replanning of the production is needed. This paper presents a real-time optimization model for production planning in a quarry site. The optimization model consists of three modules, a productivity monitoring module, a simulation model, and an optimization algorithm. The productivity monitoring module produces the site productivity based on the current operating parameters of the quarry site. Once the site productivity reaches a specific threshold, the optimization algorithm is run on an updated simulation model to find the optimal values of the site parameters. The proposed real-time optimization model is applied to a real quarry site simulated on a high-fidelity simulator. The case study shows that the proposed optimization model can effectively improve the productivity of the quarry site and hence reduces the wastes and improve environmental sustainability. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Productivity

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Delegating Responsibilities to Intelligent Autonomous Systems: Challenges and Benefits

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Dodig-Crnkovic, Gordana Basti, Gianfranco Holstein, Tobias Division of Computer Science and Software Engineering Mälardalen University Västerås Sweden Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Pontifical Lateran University Vatican City Italy

MSC Codes K. Computing Milieux K.4 computerS AND SOCIETY K.4.1 Public Policy Issues. EthicsAs AI systems increasingly operate with autonomy and adaptability, the traditional boundaries of moral responsibility in techno-social systems are being challenged. This paper explores the evolving discourse on the delegation of responsibilities to intelligent autonomous agents and the ethical implications of such practices. Synthesizing recent developments in AI ethics, including concepts of distributed responsibility and ethical AI by design, the paper proposes a functionalist perspective as a framework. This perspective views moral responsibility not as an individual trait but as a role within a socio-technical system, distributed among human and artificial agents. As an example of 'AI ethical by design,' we present Basti and Vitiello's implementation. They suggest that AI can act as artificial moral agents by learning ethical guidelines and using Deontic Higher-Order Logic to assess decisions ethically. Motivated by the possible speed and scale beyond human supervision and ethical implications, the paper argues for 'AI ethical by design', while acknowledging the distributed, shared, and dynamic nature of responsibility. This functionalist approach offers a practical framework for navigating the complexities of AI ethics in a rapidly evolving technological landscape. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Public policy

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Brain Tumor Segmentation in Multimodal MRI Using U-Net Layered Structure

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5267-5281页

作者： Muhammad Javaid Iqbal Muhammad Waseem Iqbal Muhammad Anwar Muhammad Murad Khan Abd Jabar Nazimi Mohammad Nazir Ahmad Department of Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Software Engineering The Superior UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Information Sciences Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahorePakistan Department of Computer Science Government College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan Deptment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty of DentistryUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia Institute of IR4.0 Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangorMalaysia

The brain tumour is the mass where some tissues become old or damaged,but they do not die or not leave their *** brain tumour masses occur due to malignant *** tissues must die so that new tissues are allowed to be born and take their *** segmentation is a complex and time-taking problem due to the tumour’s size,shape,and appearance *** finding such masses in the brain by analyzing Magnetic Resonance Images(MRI)is a crucial task for experts and *** could not work for large volume images simultaneously,and many errors occurred due to overwhelming image *** main objective of this research study is the segmentation of tumors in brain MRI images with the help of digital image processing and deep learning *** research study proposed an automatic model for tumor segmentation in MRI *** proposed model has a few significant steps,which first apply the pre-processing method for the whole dataset to convert Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative(NIFTI)volumes into the 3D NumPy *** the second step,the proposed model adopts U-Net deep learning segmentation algorithm with an improved layered structure and sets the updated *** the third step,the proposed model uses state-of-the-art Medical Image Computing and computer-Assisted Intervention(MICCAI)BRATS 2018 dataset withMRI modalities such as T1,T1Gd,T2,and Fluidattenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR).Tumour types in MRI images are classified according to the tumour *** of these masses carried by state-of-the-art approaches such that the first is enhancing tumour(label 4),edema(label 2),necrotic and non-enhancing tumour core(label 1),and the remaining region is label 0 such that edema(whole tumour),necrosis and *** proposed model is evaluated and gets the Dice Coefficient(DSC)value for High-grade glioma(HGG)volumes for their test set-a,test set-b,and test set-c 0.9795, 0.9855 and 0.9793, respectively.

关键词： Brain tumour segmentation magnetic resonance images modalities dice coefficient low-grade glioma U-Net

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