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A Parallel and Asynchronous Blob Shape Descriptor Implemented in CMOS Technology 33

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A Parallel and Asynchronous Blob Shape Descriptor Implemente...

33rd IEEE International Conference on Microelectronics, MIEL 2023

作者： Bogacki, P. Dlugosz, M. Talaska, T. Dlugosz, R. Aptiv Services Poland Kraków30-399 Poland Agh University of Science and Technology Institute of Telecommunications Faculty of Computer Science Electronics and Telecommunications Kraków30-059 Poland Poznan University of Technology Faculty of Control Robotics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Automation and Robotics Division of Signal Processing and Electronic Systems Poznan60-965 Poland Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology Faculty of Telecommunication Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Bydgoszcz85-796 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350347760

The paper presents a family of novel light blob shape descriptors for use in selected active safety algorithms used in Advanced Driver Assistance systems (ADAS). One of the motivations was to obtain a descriptor that would ensure low computational complexity. This makes it easy to implement both in software and hardware. One assumption is that the location of the center of a given light spot is approximately known. The principle of its operation is then to count white pixels in selected directions, starting from this central point. A key issue here is an efficient way of determining indexes of particular pixels belonging to the image patch, as well as the location of points representing places where the white area turns into black. In the case of a hardware implementation, this can be done using a parallel circuit operating in asynchronous mode, without the need for a control clock. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Pixels

EarSonar: An Acoustic Signal-Based Middle-Ear Effusion Detection Using Earphones

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EarSonar: An Acoustic Signal-Based Middle-Ear Effusion Detec...

International Conference on Distributed Computing systems

作者： Jingyang Hu Hongbo Jiang Daibo Liu Zhu Xiao Hangcheng Cao Yue Qi Schahram Dustdar Jiangchuan Liu College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University OPPO Research Institute Computer Science heading the Research Division of Distributed Systems Vienna University of Technology School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University

Middle ear effusion is a common symptom of otitis media, the reactive physical manifestation of otitis media (OM) in children's middle ear. However, diagnosing MEE for little children at home is troublesome due to their difficulty cooperating and the caregiver's lack of medical knowledge. To this end, we propose EarSonar, a novel acoustic-based MEE diagnostic system. The principle behind EarSonar is that the acoustic absorption effect exists in ear scenarios, and the volume of middle ear fluid can markedly affect the absorbed spectrum energy. By automatically eliminating the impact of potential interference factors and identifying the representative frequency range with the typical reaction of acoustic absorption, EarSonar captures fine-grained signal features on absorbed spectrum energy and models the intrinsic relationship between acoustic absorption and the volume of the filler fluid in the eardrum. On that basis, EarSonar extracts the features of the MEE signal segment and uses k-means clustering to classify middle ear effusion status. We conducted a test on 112 adolescents aged 4–6. We divided the degree of middle ear effusion into three grades. The final average detection accuracy rate exceeds 92%, which is 8 % higher than the previous method. We have implemented a proof-of-concept prototype of EarSonar by building upon earphones embedded with a microphone and speaker. Experimental results demonstrate a feasible and effective way to turn earphones into potential home-use MEE screening tools.

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Decentralized MIMO systems with Imperfect CSI using LMMSE Receivers

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhuang, Zeyan Zhang, Xin Xu, Dongfang Song, Shenghui Eldar, Yonina C. Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Division of Integrative Systems and Design The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Mathematics and Computer Science The Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot7610001 Israel

Centralized baseband processing (CBP) is required to achieve the full potential of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. However, due to the large number of antennas, CBP suffers from two major issues: 1) Extensive data interconnection between radio frequency (RF) circuitry and the central processing unit;and 2) high-dimensional computation. To this end, decentralized baseband processing (DBP) has been proposed, where the antennas at the base station are partitioned into clusters connected to separate RF circuits and equipped with separate computing units. However, the optimal fusion scheme that maximizes signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) and the related performance analysis for DBP with general spatial correlation and imperfect channel state information (CSI) have not been studied. In this paper, we consider a decentralized MIMO system where all clusters adopt linear minimum mean-square error (LMMSE) receivers. We first establish an optimal linear fusion scheme that has high computational and data input/output costs. To reduce the cost, we then propose two suboptimal fusion schemes with reduced complexity. For all three schemes, we study the SINR performance by leveraging random matrix theory and demonstrate conditions under which the suboptimal schemes are optimal. Furthermore, we determine the optimal regularization parameter for the LMMSE receiver, identify the best antenna partitioning strategy, and prove that the SINR will decrease as the number of clusters increases. Numerical simulations validate the accuracy of the theoretical results. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mean square error

Risk-Averse Certification of Bayesian Neural Networks

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Xiyue Wang, Zifan Gao, Yulong Romao, Licio Abate, Alessandro Kwiatkowska, Marta Department of Computer Science University of Oxford United Kingdom Division of Decision and Control Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London United Kingdom Department of Wind and Energy Systems Technical University of Denmark Denmark

In light of the inherently complex and dynamic nature of real-world environments, incorporating risk measures is crucial for the robustness evaluation of deep learning models. In this work, we propose a Risk-Averse Certification framework for Bayesian neural networks called RAC-BNN. Our method leverages sampling and optimisation to compute a sound approximation of the output set of a BNN, represented using a set of template polytopes. To enhance robustness evaluation, we integrate a coherent distortion risk measure—Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR)—into the certification framework, providing probabilistic guarantees based on empirical distributions obtained through sampling. We validate RAC-BNN on a range of regression and classification benchmarks and compare its performance with a state-of-the-art method. The results show that RAC-BNN effectively quantifies robustness under worst-performing risky scenarios, and achieves tighter certified bounds and higher efficiency in complex tasks. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Risk assessment

MarineDet: Towards Open-Marine Object Detection

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liang, Haixin Zheng, Ziqiang Ma, Zeyu Yeung, Sai-Kit The Division of Integrative Systems and Design Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong The Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong The School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China China

Marine object detection has gained prominence in marine research, driven by the pressing need to unravel oceanic mysteries and enhance our understanding of invaluable marine ecosystems. There is a profound requirement to efficiently and accurately identify and localize diverse and unseen marine entities within underwater imagery. The open-marine object detection (OMOD for short) is required to detect diverse and unseen marine objects, performing categorization and localization simultaneously. To achieve OMOD, we present MarineDet. We formulate a joint visual-text semantic space through pre-training and then perform marine-specific training to achieve in-air-to-marine knowledge transfer. Considering there is no specific dataset designed for OMOD, we construct a MarineDet dataset consisting of 821 marine-relative object categories to promote and measure OMOD performance. The experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of MarineDet over existing generalist and specialist object detection algorithms. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to present OMOD, which holds a more valuable and practical setting for marine ecosystem monitoring and management. Our research not only pushes the boundaries of marine understanding but also offers a standard pipeline for OMOD. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Object detection

RSMA-assisted SHAPTINs: secrecy performance under imperfect hardware and channel estimation errors

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年 1-18页

作者： Feng, Zhou Kefeng, Guo Jian, Cheng Sunder Ali, Khowaja Kapal, Dev Reddy, Gadekallu Thippa Hussam Al, Hamadi School of Information Technology Yancheng Institute of Technology Yancheng224051 China School of Space Information Space Engineering University Beijing101407 China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing210016 China Faculty of Computing Digital and Data Technological University Dublin DublinD07EWV4 Ireland ADAPT Centre and Department of Computer Science Munster Technological University Cork BishopstownT12 P928 Ireland Department of institute of intelligent systems University of Johannesburg Auckland Park Johannesburg2006 South Africa Centre for Research Impact & Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura140401 India Division of Research and Development Lovely Professional University Phagwara144001 India College of Engineering and IT College of Engineering and IT University of Dubai PO Box 14143 Dubai United Arab Emirates

Satellite high aerial platform terrestrial integrated networks have become the hot topic these years, which have been regarded as the major part of the intelligence of things for future networks. During this work, we investigate the secrecy performance for rate-splitting multiple access-assisted satellite high aerial platform terrestrial integrated networks. Besides, imperfect hardware and channel estimation errors are considered in the secrecy networks. Moreover, to enhance the energy utilization efficiency, rate-splitting multiple access scheme is utilized into the considered network, which is prior to that of the non-orthogonal multiple access scheme. What's more, to enhance the satellite transmission, multiple high aerial platforms are used to forward the transmission along with multiple eavesdroppers. In addition, the direct transmission link is not considered in the secrecy networks due to the heavy fading and obstacles. Relied on the former considerations, the exact and asymptotic analysis for the secrecy performance is further obtained to confirm the rightness of the analysis. Finally, some representative Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to validate the obtained results. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Asymptotic analysis

Joint UAV Deployment and Resource Allocation in THz-Assisted MEC-Enabled Integrated Space-Air-Ground Networks

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tun, Yan Kyaw Dán, György Park, Yu Min Hong, Choong Seon The Department of Electronic Systems Aalborg University A. C. Meyers Vænge 15 København2450 Denmark The Division of Network and Systems Engineering School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Brinellvägen 8 Stockholm114 28 Sweden The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Gyeonggi-do Yongin-si17104 Korea Republic of

Multi-access edge computing (MEC)-enabled integrated space-air-ground (SAG) networks have drawn much attention recently, as they can provide communication and computing services to wireless devices in areas that lack terrestrial base stations (TBSs). Leveraging the ample bandwidth in the terahertz (THz) spectrum, in this paper, we propose MEC-enabled integrated SAG networks with collaboration among unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). We then formulate the problem of minimizing the energy consumption of devices and UAVs in the proposed MEC-enabled integrated SAG networks by optimizing tasks offloading decisions, THz sub-bands assignment, transmit power control, and UAVs deployment. The formulated problem is a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MILP) problem with a non-convex structure, which is challenging to solve. We thus propose a block coordinate descent (BCD) approach to decompose the problem into four sub-problems: 1) device task offloading decision problem, 2) THz sub-band assignment and power control problem, 3) UAV deployment problem, and 4) UAV task offloading decision problem. We then propose to use a matching game, concave-convex procedure (CCP) method, successive convex approximation (SCA), and block successive upper-bound minimization (BSUM) approaches for solving the individual subproblems. Finally, extensive simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Resource allocation

Multi-Layer Network Formation Through HAPS Base Station and Transmissive RIS-Equipped UAV

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Multi-Layer Network Formation Through HAPS Base Station and ...

IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Faical Khennoufa Khelil Abdellatif Halim Yanikomeroglu Metin Ozturk Taissir Elganimi Ferdi Kara Khaled Rabie Department of Electrical Engineering LGEERE Lab El-Oued University El-Oued Algeria Department of Systems and Computer Engineering NTN Lab Carleton University Ottawa Canada Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University Ankara Türkiye Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Tripoli Libya Division of Communications Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden Department of Computer Engineering Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Zonguldak Türkiye Department of Computer Engineering & Center for Communication Systems and Sensing King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM) Dhahran Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9798350368369

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368376

In order to bolster future wireless networks, there has been a great deal of interest in non-terrestrial networks, especially aerial platforms including high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs). These platforms can integrate advanced technologies such as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). In this regard, this paper proposes a multi-layer network architecture consisting of HAPS and UAV, where the former acts as a HAPS super macro base station (HAPS-SMBS), while the latter serves as a relay node for the ground Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The UAV is equipped with active transmissive RIS, which is a novel technology with promising benefits. We also utilize multiple-input single-output (MISO) technology, i.e., multiple antennas at the HAPS-SMBS and a single antenna at the IoT devices. Additionally, we consider NOMA as the multiple access technology as well as the existence of hardware impairments as a practical limitation. We compare the proposed system model with various scenarios, all involving the HAPS-SMBS and RIS-equipped UAV relay combination, but with different types of RIS, antenna configurations, and access technologies. Sum rate and energy efficiency are used as performance metrics, and the findings demonstrate that, in comparison to all benchmarks, the proposed system yields significant performance gains. Moreover, hardware impairment limits the system performance at high transmit power levels.

关键词： NOMA System performance Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces Benchmark testing Performance gain Autonomous aerial vehicles Hardware Internet of Things MISO Relays

A Multi-Player Potential Game Approach for Sensor Network Localization with Noisy Measurements

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A Multi-Player Potential Game Approach for Sensor Network Lo...

IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Gehui Xu Guanpu Chen Baris Fidan Yiguang Hong Hongsheng Qi Thomas Parisini Karl H. Johansson Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London London UK Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji University shanghai China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Beijing China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Electronic Systems Aalborg University Denmark Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

Sensor network localization (SNL) is a challenging problem due to its inherent non-convexity and the effects of noise in inter-node ranging measurements and anchor node position. We formulate a non-convex SNL problem as a multiplayer non-convex potential game and investigate the existence and uniqueness of a Nash equilibrium (NE) in both the ideal setting without measurement noise and the practical setting with measurement noise. We first show that the NE exists and is unique in the noiseless case, and corresponds to the precise network localization. Then, we study the SNL for the case with errors affecting the anchor node position and the inter-node distance measurements. Specifically, we establish that in case these errors are sufficiently small, the NE exists and is unique. It is shown that the NE is an approximate solution to the SNL problem, and that the position errors can be quantified accordingly. Based on these findings, we apply the results to case studies involving only inter-node distance measurement errors and only anchor position information inaccuracies.

关键词： Location awareness Noise Games Position measurement Nash equilibrium Distance measurement Noise measurement