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Color coherence-based scene-change detection for frame rate up-conversion

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第2期84卷 547-569页

作者： Lee, Ho Sub Cho, Sung In Department of Electronic Engineering at Kumoh National Institute of Technology Gumi Korea Republic of Division of AI Software Convergence Dongguk University Seoul Korea Republic of

Existing scene-change detection methods usually use the differences in luminance values between consecutive frames to detect scene changes. Therefore, they can have difficulty detecting scene changes for various video content because luminance values cannot properly represent the region characteristics. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a new scene-change detection method that uses the color coherence values for frame rate up-conversion. We define the patterns of the distribution of color features—the so-called color coherence patterns—as our feature to determine whether a given frame is a scene-change. The proposed method converts the color coherence pattern in the corresponding regions into bit codes and then uses both difference between the converted bit codes and the average luminance values from previous and current frames to locally determine whether the regions are the scene change or not. In this process, local scene changes are determined by calculating the region where the scene change occurred in the divided block, and if the number of blocks in the entire scene is greater than a certain threshold, it is determined that global scene changes have occurred. In addition, it uses a refinement process to enhance the detection accuracy. Using these detection processes, the proposed can further improve the detection accuracy. The experimental results showed that the proposed method enhanced the average F1 score to 0.5398 compared to benchmark methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Motion estimation

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Scalable VLSI Architectures for Pattern Matching in Serial Data Stream

Scalable VLSI Architectures for Pattern Matching in Serial D...

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2025 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication, ICEIC 2025

作者： Kong, Byeong Yong Institute of IT Convergence Technology Kongju National University Division of Electrical Electronic and Control Engineering Cheonan Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510756

In this paper, a pair of regularized and scalable very large scale integration (VLSI) architectures are presented for matching patterns in a serial data stream. One is grounded on a shift register (SR), whereas the other is based on a finite state machine (FSM), both of which are very easy to constitute for arbitrary lengths of pattern. While the architectures for parallel pattern matching have been extensively studied in the literature, those for serially incoming data have been rare. To suggest a guideline for efficient implementation under such circumstances, the pros and cons of the proposed architectures are analyzed in various aspects. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Network intrusion

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Scalable Ir‑Doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)/TiO_(2) Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H_(2) Production

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 1-18页

作者： Sukhwa Hong Jiseon Kim Jaebeom Park Sunmi Im Michael R.Hoffmann Kangwoo Cho Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 790−784Korea Linde Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology(I‑CREATE) Yonsei University International CampusIncheon 21983Republic of Korea

Wastewater electrolysis cells(WECs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2) production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy *** study reports Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)(NFI,~5 at%Ir)spinel layer with TiO_(2) overlayer(NFI/TiO_(2)),as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment *** dilute(0.1 M)NaCl solutions,the NFI/TiO_(2) marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction,outperforming the benchmark IrO_(2).Robust operation in near-neutral pH was *** including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO_(2) which serves both as the primary site for Cl−chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic *** electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO_(2)not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH_(4)^(+)-to-N_(2)conversion,but also enhances H_(2)generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive *** scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO_(2)was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.

关键词： Wastewater electrolysis cell Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4) Reactive chlorine species Decentralized H_(2)production On-site wastewater treatment

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A Practical Zinc Metal Anode Coating Strategy Utilizing Bulk h-BN and Improved Hydrogen Redox Kinetics

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2025年第2期8卷 63-71页

作者： Dong Il Kim Hee Bin Jeong Jungmoon Lim Hyeong Seop Jeong Min Kyeong Kim Sangyeon Pak Sanghyo Lee Geon-Hyoung An Sang-Soo Chee Jin Pyo Hong Seung Nam Cha John Hong Department of Physics Research Institute for Natural Science Hanyang University School of Materials Science and Engineering Kookmin University Department of Physics Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Hongik University Materials Science and Engineering Kumoh National Institute of Technology Department of Energy Engineering Gyeongsang National University Nano Convergence Materials Center Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology (KICET) Division of Nano-Scale Semiconductor Engineering Hanyang University

Achieving high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries requires addressing the challenges associated with the stability of zinc metal anodes,particularly the formation of inhomogeneous zinc dendrites during cycling and unstable surface *** study introduces a practical method for scattering untreated bulk hexagonal boron nitride（h-BN） particles onto the zinc anode *** cycling,stabilized zinc fills the interstices of scattered h-BN,resulting in a more favorable（002） ***,zinc dendrite formation is effectively suppressed,leading to improved electrochemical *** zinc with scattered h-BN in a symmetric cell configuration maintains stability 10 times longer than the bare zinc symmetric cell,lasting 500 ***,in a full cell configuration with α-MnO2cathode,increased H+ion activity can effectively alter the major redox kinetics of cycling due to the presence of scattered h-BN on the zinc *** shift in H+ion activity lowers the overall redox potential,resulting in a discharge capacity retention of 96.1% for 300 cycles at a charge/discharge rate of 0.5 *** study highlights the crucial role of surface modification,and the innovative use of bulk h-BN provides a practical and effective solution for improving the performance and stability.

关键词： aqueous zinc ion batteries H+ ion insertion hexagonal boron nitride scattering Zn metal anode

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New Quantum Cryptanalysis of Binary Elliptic Curves

IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Sys...

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IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems 2025年第2期2025卷 781-804页

作者： Jang, Kyungbae Srivastava, Vikas Baksi, Anubhab Sarkar, Santanu Seo, Hwajeong Division of IT Convergence Engineering Hansung University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai India School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore

This paper improves upon the quantum circuits required for the Shor’s attack on binary elliptic curves. We present two types of quantum point addition, taking both qubit count and circuit depth into consideration. In summary, we propose an in-place point addition that improves upon the work of Banegas et al. from CHES’21, reducing the qubit count – depth product by more than 73% – 81% depending on the variant. Furthermore, we develop an out-of-place point addition by using additional qubits. This method achieves the lowest circuit depth and offers an improvement of over 92% in the qubit count – quantum depth product (for a single step). To the best of our knowledge, our work improves from all previous works (including the CHES’21 paper by Banegas et al., the IEEE Access’22 paper by Putranto et al., and the CT-RSA’23 paper by Taguchi and Takayasu) in terms of circuit depth and qubit count – depth product. Equipped with the implementations, we discuss the post-quantum security of the binary elliptic curve cryptography. Under the MAXDEPTH metric (proposed by the US government’s NIST), the quantum circuit with the highest depth in our work is 224, which is significantly lower than the MAXDEPTH limit of 240. For the gate count – full depth product, a metric for estimating quantum attack cost (proposed by NIST), the highest complexity in our work is 260 for the curve having degree 571 (which is comparable to AES-256 in terms of classical security), considerably below the post-quantum security level 1 threshold (of the order of 2156). © 2025, Ruhr-University of Bochum. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

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A Comprehensive Understanding of Camellia sinensis Tea Metabolome: From Tea Plants to Processed Teas

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Annual Review of Food Science and technology 2025年第1期16卷 379-402页

作者： Mozumder, N.H.M. Rubel Lee, Jang-Eun Hong, Young-Shick Department of Food Science and Nutrition Faculty of Engineering Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University Dinajpur Bangladesh Fermentation Convergence Research Group Food Convergence Research Division Korea Food Research Institute Wanju-Gun Korea Republic of Department of Food Biotechnology University of Science and Technology Daejeon Korea Republic of Division of Food and Nutrition Chonnam National University Gwangju Korea Republic of

Tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most popular nonalcoholic beverages in the world, second only to water. Six main types of teas are produced globally: green, white, black, oolong, yellow, and Pu-erh. Each type has a distinctive taste, quality, and cultural significance. The health-promoting effects of tea are attributed to the complex metabolite compositions present in tea leaves. These metabolite compositions vary in response to different factors. In addition to manufacturing processes in processed tea, the primary factors influencing variations of fresh tea leaf metabolites include genetics, cultivation management, and environmental conditions. Metabolomics approaches, coupled with high-throughput statistical analysis, offer promising tools for the comprehensive identification and characterization of tea leaf metabolites according to growing conditions, cultivation practices, manufacturing processes, seasonality, climate, cultivars, and geography. This review highlights the distinctive variations in fresh tea leaf metabolites, which change in response to various factors, using a metabolomics approach, which are also extended to various processed teas. © 2025 by the author(s).

关键词： Refining

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Regulation of cryogenic mechanical behaviors of C-added non-equiatomic CoCrFeNiMo ferrous medium-entropy alloy via control of initial microstructure

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第5期208卷 141-151页

作者： Ji Yeong Lee Hyeonseok Kwon Jae Heung Lee Jihye Kwon Jaemin Wang Jae Wung Bae Jongun Moon Byeong-Joo Lee Yoon-Uk Heo Hyoung Seop Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Department of Metallurgical Engineering Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48513Republic of Korea Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Center for Advanced Powder Materials and PartsKongju National UniversityCheonanChungnam31080Republic of Korea Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam-RoNam-GuPohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam-RoNam-GuPohang 37673Republic of Korea Advanced Institute for Materials Research(WPI-AIMR) Tohoku UniversitySendai980-8577Japan Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea

This study demonstrated the potential for customizing the desired properties of the Co18.5Cr12Fe55Ni9Mo3.5C2(at.％)ferrous medium-entropy alloy by manipulating the deformation-induced martensite transformation(DIMT)behavior at liquid nitrogen *** was achieved by modify-ing various initial microstructures through annealing at temperatures ranging from 900 to 1200 ℃.The variations in DIMT kinetics were analyzed based on two main factors.(1)Inducing carbide precipitation by annealing at 900 and 1000 ℃ results in changes in the composition within the matrix,which may affect the stability of the face-centered cubic *** with a higher volume fraction of the carbide precipitates exhibit lower ΔGFCC→BCC and faster DIMT kinetics.(2)The onset and kinetics of DIMT are also affected by the use of martensite nucleation sites,which may vary depending on the presence of non-recrystallized regions or the grain *** fine-grained structures,martensite primarily nucleated in the non-recrystallized regions and grain ***,in coarse-grained microstructures,martensite mainly nucleated along the in-grain shear bands and their *** precise control of the microstructure results in superior *** samples annealed at 900 and 1000 ℃ with carbide precipitates and fine grains exhibit ultrahigh ultimate tensile strength,which may reach elevated values up to～1.8 GPa,while those annealed at 1100 and 1200 ℃ with larger grains and no precipitates exhibit a uniform elongation that exceeds 100％.

关键词： Ferrous medium-entropy alloy Deformation-induced martensitic transformation Microstructures Phase stability Precipitation

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A Two-Step ADC with a Separate DAC Method for Enhanced Sub-Quantizer Settling Condition

A Two-Step ADC with a Separate DAC Method for Enhanced Sub-Q...

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2025 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication, ICEIC 2025

作者： Lim, Jae-Geun Boo, Jun-Ho Kim, Hyoung-Jung Lee, Jae-Hyuk Cho, Kang-Il Ahn, Gil-Cho Sogang University Department of Electronic Engineering Seoul Korea Republic of Samsung Electronics Memory Division Gyeonggi-do Hwasung-si Korea Republic of Convergence Signal SoC-Research Center Korea Electronics Technology Institute Seongnam Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510756

This paper presents a 12-bit 10 MS/s two-step ADC that utilizes an asynchronous SAR sub-quantizer. To enhance the conversion speed by using a smaller unit capacitance, a separate C-DAC is employed for the sub-quantizer, independent of the one used for residue amplification. This ultimately enhances the SAR operation speed of the coarse stage. In addition, the proposed ADC shares the sub-quantizer for both the coarse and fine bit conversion processes, and it consequently reduces the ADC core area. The prototype ADC fabricated in a 180nm CMOS process achieves measured DNL and INL within 0.24LSB and 0.87LSB at 12-bit resolution, respectively. The measured SNDR and SFDR are 69.1dB and 79.0dB at 10MS/s, respectively. The ADC occupies a core area of 0.19mm2 and consumes 2.71mW at a 1.8V supply. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Capacitance

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Scalable VLSI Architectures for Pattern Matching in Serial Data Stream

Scalable VLSI Architectures for Pattern Matching in Serial D...

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International Conference on Electronics, Information and Communications (ICEIC)

作者： Byeong Yong Kong Division of Electrical Electronic and Control Engineering Institute of IT Convergence Technology Kongju National University Cheonan South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798331510756

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510763

关键词： Sequential analysis Memory management Automata Intrusion detection Very large scale integration Shift registers Pattern matching Guidelines

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Singular topological edge states in locally resonant metamaterials

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Science Bulletin 2025年第7期70卷 1080-1086页

作者： Yeongtae Jang Seokwoo Kim Eunho Kim Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Division of Mechanical System Engineering Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea Graduate School of Mechanical-Aerospace-Electric Convergence Engineering Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Band topology has emerged as a novel tool for material design across various domains,including photonic and phononic systems,and metamaterials.A prominent model for band topology is the Su-Schri effer-Heeger(SSH)chain,which reveals topological in-gap states within Bragg-type gaps(BG)formed by periodic *** from classical BGs,another mechanism for bandgap formation in metamaterials involves strong coupling between local resonances and propagating waves,resulting in a local resonance-induced bandgap(LRG).Previous studies have shown the challenge of topological edge state emergence within the ***,we reveal that topological edge states can emerge within an LRG by achieving both topological phase and bandgap transitions *** describe this using a model of inversion-symmetric extended SSH chains for locally resonant ***,this topological state can lead to highly localized modes,comparable to a subwavelength unit cell,when it emerges within the *** experimentally demonstrate distinct differences in topologically protected modesDhighlighted by wave localizationDbetween the BG and the LRG using locally resonant granulebased *** findings suggest the scope of topological metamaterials may be extended via their bandgap nature.

关键词： Band topology Metamaterials Singular topological edge states Local resonance Woodpile metamaterials

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