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IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics In Defense Conference (RAPID)

作者： Shaolin Liao Thomas Wong Zi Wang Rong Wang Elwin Clutter Hual-Te Chien Nuclear Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL Department of Chemistry Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL

We have developed a novel type of 1550-nm Fiber Laser Microphone (FLM) based on miniature Distributed Bragg Reflector/Distributed Feedback Bragg (DBR/DFB) fiber lasers with graphene as diaphragms, i.e., the graphene-FLM. The graphene-FLM makes full use of the advantages of the high-efficiency a-few-cm-long DBR/DFB fiber lasers and the ultra-sensitive graphene diaphragm that is as thin as a single atomic layer. We first fabricated the DBR/DFB fiber lasers based on the optimized parameters from the modeling and simulation of Er/Yb co-doped DBR/DFB fiber lasers, using the coupled modes theory solved by transfer matrix method. Then we transfer the graphene diaphragm to the DBR/DFB fiber laser's fiber tip through the chemical etching process. We carried out laboratory measurement of the graphene-FLM with acoustic frequency up to 10 kHz. The experimental result shows that the graphene-FLM is ultra-sensitive and broadband up to 10 kHz. The graphene-FLM has many potential applications like remote detection of audio/ultrasound, vibration sensing and seismic wave monitoring, and even for biomedical and clinical uses such as keyhole surgery assistance.

关键词： Laser excitation Pump lasers Fiber lasers Laser feedback Graphene Laser theory

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Pole-zero analysis of scattering resonances of multilayered nanospheres

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Physical Review B 2018年第23期98卷 235413-235413页

作者： Yuyao Chen Luca Dal Negro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Photonics Center Boston University Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA Division of Material Science and Engineering Boston University Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA Department of Physics Boston University Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA

We demonstrate a general pole-zero method for the design of the scattering resonances of multilayered nanospheres, and we apply it to the relevant cases of strongly dispersive light scattering from metal-dielectric-metal and all-dielectric nanostructures. The pole-zero method is based on the full-wave iterative solution of the Mie scattering theory of multilayered spheres, which is valid beyond the conventional quasistatic limit. By investigating scattering resonances in the complex frequency plane, we show how to engineer anomalous Fano-like dipolar line shapes from complex pole-zero interactions controlled by the geometrical parameters of the structures. The pole-zero method is then applied to the design of the backscattering and forward-scattering efficiencies beyond the dipolar approximation. The engineering of scattering and absorption resonances with customized line shapes in metal-dielectric nanostructures provides unique opportunities for active devices including optical sensors, light emitters, and nonlinear elements.

关键词： Near-field optics Plasmonics

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Correction to: Multidimensional insights into the repeated electromagnetic field stimulation and biosystems interaction in aging and age-related diseases

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Journal of biomedical science 2022年第1期29卷 67页

作者： Felipe P Perez Joseph P Bandeira Cristina N Perez Chumbiauca Debomoy K Lahiri Jorge Morisaki Maher Rizkalla Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA. fpperez@iu.edu. Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics Department of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA. fpperez@iu.edu. Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA. Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics Department of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA. Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA. Department of Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatric Research Neuroscience Research Center Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA. Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA. Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis IN USA.

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White paper: ARIANNA-200 high energy neutrino telescope

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Anker, A. Baldi, P. Barwick, S.W. Bergman, D. Bernhoff, H. Besson, D.Z. Bingefors, N. Botner, O. Chen, P. Chen, Y. García-Fernández, D. Gaswint, G. Glaser, C. Hallgren, A. Hanson, J.C. Huang, J.J. Klein, S.R. Kleinfelder, S.A. Kuo, C.-Y. Lahmann, R. Latif, U. Liu, T. Lyu, Y. McAleer, S. Nam, J. Novikov, A. Nelles, A. Paul, M.P. Persichilli, C. Plaisier, I. Shiao, J.Y. Tatar, J. van Vliet, A. Wang, S.-H. Wang, Y.-H. Welling, C. Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California IrvineCA92697 United States School of Information and Computer Sciences University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah United States Uppsala University Department of Engineering Sciences Division of Electricity UppsalaSE-75237 Sweden Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Kansas LawrenceKS66045 United States National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow Engineering Physics Institute Moscow115409 Russia Uppsala University Department of Physics and Astronomy UppsalaSE-75237 Sweden Department of Physics Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan DESY Zeuthen15738 Germany ECAP Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen91058 Germany Whittier College Department of Physics WhittierCA90602 United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Research Cyberinfrastructure Center University of California IrvineCA92697 United States

The proposed ARIANNA-200 neutrino detector, located at sea-level on the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, consists of 200 autonomous and independent detector stations separated by 1 kilometer in a uniform triangular mesh, and serves as a pathfinder mission for the future IceCube-Gen2 project. The primary science mission of ARIANNA-200 is to search for sources of neutrinos with energies greater than 1017 eV, complementing the reach of IceCube. An ARIANNA observation of a neutrino source would provide strong insight into the enigmatic sources of cosmic rays. ARIANNA observes the radio emission from high energy neutrino interactions in the Antarctic ice. Among radio based concepts under current investigation, ARIANNA-200 would uniquely survey the vast majority of the southern sky at any instant in time, and an important region of the northern sky, by virtue of its location on the surface of the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica. The broad sky coverage is specific to the Moore's Bay site, and makes ARIANNA-200 ideally suited to contribute to the multi-messenger thrust by the US National Science Foundation, Windows on the Universe - Multi-Messenger Astrophysics, providing capabilities to observe explosive sources from unknown directions. The ARIANNA architecture is designed to measure the angular direction to within 3◦ for every neutrino candidate, which too plays an important role in the pursuit of multi-messenger observations of astrophysical sources. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sea level

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Retinal-glia ischemia and inflammation induced by chronic stress: The SABPA study

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Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - Health 2020年 2卷 100027-100027页

作者： Malan, Leoné Hamer, Mark von Känel, Roland van Wyk, Roelof D. Wentzel, Annemarie Steyn, Hendrik S. van Vuuren, Pieter Malan, Nico T. Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART) North-West University Potchefstroom 2520 South Africa Division Surgery & Interventional Science University College London United Kingdom Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine University Hospital Zurich 8091 Switzerland Surgical Ophthalmologist 85 Peter Mokaba Street Potchefstroom 2531 South Africa Statistical Consultation Services North-West University Potchefstroom 2520 South Africa School of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering North-West University Potchefstroom 2520 South Africa

Background: Psychobiological processes linking stress and vascular diseases remain poorly understood. The retina and the brain share a common embryonic-diencephalon origin and blood-barrier physiology e.g. ongoing ischemia facilitates S100B release with astrocytic activity and glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein expression (GFAP). However, GFAP decreases revealed astrocyte pathology in the prefrontal cortex of depression/suicide cases;and might be a key mechanism in stress – disease pathways. Methods: A chronic emotional stress phenotype independent of age, ethnicity or sex was used to stratify the current prospective cohort (N = 359;aged 46 ± 9 years) into Stress (N = 236) and no-Stress groups (N = 123). Prospective data for glia ischemia risk markers were obtained, including 24 h BP, fasting S100B, GFAP, HbA_1C and tumor-necrosis-factor-α (TNF-α). At 3-yr follow-up: diastolic-ocular-perfusion-pressure (indicating hypo-perfusion risk) was measured and retinal vessel calibers were quantified from digital images in the mydriatic eye. Results: Higher hypertension (75% vs. 16%), diabetes (13% vs. 0%) and retinopathy (57% vs. 45%) prevalence was observed in Stress compared to no-Stress individuals. Stressed individuals had consistently raised S100B, TNF-α, HbA_1C and higher diastolic-ocular-perfusion-pressure, but decreases in GFAP and GFAP:S100B. Furthermore stroke risk markers, arterial narrowing and venous widening were associated with consistently raised S100B, GFAP:S100B (p = 0.060), TNF-α and higher diastolic-ocular-perfusion-pressure [Adj. R² 0.39–0.41, p ≤ 0.05]. No retinal-glia associations were evident in the no-Stress group. Conclusions: Retinal-glia ischemia and inflammation was induced by chronic stress. Persistent higher inflammation and S100B with GFAP decreases further reflected stress-induced astrocyte pathology in the human retina. It is recommended to increase awareness on chronic stress and susceptibility for b

关键词： Glia Inflammation Ischemia Retina Stress

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An Ultra-Low-Noise LDO Regulator in 65 nm for Analog Front-End ASICs in Cryogenic Environment

An Ultra-Low-Noise LDO Regulator in 65 nm for Analog Front-E...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Wenbin Hou Shaorui Li Gianluigi De Geronimo Milutin Stanaćević Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA Instrumentation Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY USA

Low dropout (LDO) voltage regulators, which provide a clean supply for analog and mixed-signal systems, are essential to low-noise front-end electronics in high energy physics experiments and beyond. This paper analyzes the noise sources in an LDO where the input referred noise of the error amplifier is the dominant noise source. Implemented in 65 nm technology, the LDO presented here regulates a noisy 1.5 V supply and outputs a stable and low-noise nominal 1.175 V voltage with load current ranging from a few milliamp up to 150 mA. The design achieves higher than 75% power efficiency at both room and cryogenic temperatures at maximum load, with more than 40 dB power supply rejection up to 400 kHz. The simulated RMS noise from 10 Hz to 100 kHz is less than 2 μV at room temperature and less than 1 μV at 77 K. The regulator requires an external capacitance of 50 μF for stability. A number of next-generation detectors can greatly benefit from having this voltage regulator directly integrated in the front-end application-specific integrated circuits (FE-ASICs) working at room and cryogenic temperatures.

关键词： Transistors Voltage control Regulators Photonic band gap Capacitors Thermal noise Mathematical model

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Toward Complete Transformation of Sodium Polysulfides by Regulating the Second-Shell Coordinating Environment of Atomically Dispersed Fe

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第26期135卷

作者： Ruilin Bai Qiaosong Lin Xinyu Li Fangxin Ling Huijuan Wang Sha Tan Lingxiang Hu Mingze Ma Prof. Xiaojun Wu Yu Shao Xianhong Rui Prof. Enyuan Hu Dr. Yu Yao Prof. Yan Yu Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Materials Science and Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 Liaoning China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Contribution: Data curation (lead) Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Contribution: Investigation (lead) Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Contribution: Methodology (equal) Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY USA Contribution: Resources (equal) Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Institut Polytechnique de Paris 91120 Palaiseau Île-de-France France Contribution: Software (equal) Contribution: Data curation (equal) Jiujiang DeFu Technology Co. Ltd. Jiujiang Jiangxi 332000 (P. R. China School of Materials and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China Contribution: Validation (lead) Contribution: Methodology (lead) Contribution: Writing - review & editing (lead) National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Hefei Anhui 230026 China Contribution: Project administration (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead)

Room temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries are highly competitive as potential energy storage devices. Nevertheless, their actually achieved reversible capacities are far below the theoretical value due to incomplete transformation of polysulfides. Herein, atomically dispersed Fe-N/S active center by regulating the second-shell coordinating environment of Fe single atom is proposed. The Fe−N 4 S 2 coordination structure with enhanced local electronic concentration around the Fermi level is revealed via synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and theoretical calculations, which can not only significantly promote the transformation kinetics of polysulfides, but induce uniform Na deposition for dendrite-free Na anode. As a result, the obtained S cathode delivers a high initial reversible capacity of 1590 mAh g −1 , nearly the theoretical value. This work opens up a new avenue to facilitate the complete transformation of polysulfides for RT Na-S batteries.

关键词： Catalysis Coordinating Environment Fe Single Atom RT Na-S Batteries Transformation Kinetics

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Onto2Vec: Joint vector-based representation of biological entities and their ontology-based annotations

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Smaili, Fatima Zohra Gao, Xin Hoehndorf, Robert Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division Computational Bioscience Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia

Motivation: Biological knowledge is widely represented in the form of ontology-based annotations: Ontologies describe the phenomena assumed to exist within a domain, and the annotations associate a (kind of) biological entity with a set of phenomena within the domain. The structure and information contained in ontologies and their annotations makes them valuable for developing machine learning, data analysis and knowledge extraction algorithms;notably, semantic similarity is widely used to identify relations between biological entities, and ontology-based annotations are frequently used as features in machine learning applications. Results: We propose the Onto2Vec method, an approach to learn feature vectors for biological entities based on their annotations to biomedical ontologies. Our method can be applied to a wide range of bioinformatics research problems such as similarity-based prediction of interactions between proteins, classification of interaction types using supervised learning, or clustering. To evaluate Onto2Vec, we use the Gene Ontology (GO) and jointly produce dense vector representations of proteins, the GO classes to which they are annotated, and the axioms in GO that constrain these classes. First, we demonstrate that Onto2Vec-generated feature vectors can significantly improve prediction of protein-protein interactions in human and yeast. We then illustrate how Onto2Vec representations provide the means for constructing data-driven, trainable semantic similarity measures that can be used to identify particular relations between proteins. Finally, we use an unsupervised clustering approach to identify protein families based on their Enzyme Commission numbers. Our results demonstrate that Onto2Vec can generate high quality feature vectors from biological entities and ontologies. Onto2Vec has the potential to significantly outperform the state-of-the-art in several predictive applications in which ontologies are involved. Copyright © 2018, The Autho

关键词： Gene Ontology

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Minimum and maximum conductance of a thin film layer bridged interface: The role of anharmonicity and layer thickness

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhang, Jingjie Rastgarkafshgarkolaei, Rouzbeh Polanco, Carlos A. Le, Nam Q. Esfarjani, Keivan Norris, Pamela M. Ghosh, Avik W. Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Research and Exploratory Development Department Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMD20723 United States Department of Physics University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Materials Science and Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States

We study the role of anharmonicity at interfaces with an added intermediate layer designed to facilitate interfacial phonon transport. Our results demonstrate that while in the harmonic limit the bridge may lower the conductance due to fewer available channels, anharmonicity can strongly enhance the thermal conductance of the bridged structure due to added inelastic channels. Moreover, we show that the effect of anharmonicity on the conductance can be tuned by varying temperature or the bridge layer thickness, as both parameters change the total rate of occurrence of phonon-phonon scattering processes. Additionally, we show that the additive rule of thermal resistances (Ohms law) is valid for bridge layer thickness quite shorter than the average bulk MFP, beyond the regime it would be expected to fail. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phonons

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Hydration layers at the graphite-water interface: Attraction or confinement

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Physical Review B 2019年第20期100卷 205410-205410页

作者： Hagen Söngen Ygor Morais Jaques Lidija Zivanovic Sebastian Seibert Ralf Bechstein Peter Spijker Hiroshi Onishi Adam S. Foster Angelika Kühnle Physical Chemistry I Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany COMP Centre of Excellence Department of Applied Physics Aalto University Helsinki FI-00076 Finland Department of Chemistry Kobe University 1-1 Rokkodai-cho Nada-ku Kobe Hyogo 657-8501 Japan Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz Staudingerweg 9 55128 Germany Division of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan

Water molecules at solid surfaces typically arrange in layers. The physical origin of the hydration layers is usually explained by two different reasons: (1) the attraction between the surface and water and (2) the water confinement due to the surface. While the attraction is specific to the particular solid, the confinement is a general property of surfaces; a differentiation between the two effects is, therefore, critical for research on interactions at aqueous interfaces. Here, we investigate the graphite-water interface, which is a widely used model system where the solid-water attraction is often considered to be negligible. Similar to previous studies, we observe hydration layers using three-dimensional atomic force microscopy at the graphite-water interface. We explain why the confinement could cause the formation of hydration layers even in the absence of attraction between surface and water by employing Monte Carlo simulations. Using additional molecular dynamics simulations, we continue to show that at ambient conditions, however, the confinement alone does not cause the formation of layers at the graphite-water interface. We thereby demonstrate that there is a significant graphite-water attraction.

关键词： Interactions & forces Graphite Liquid-solid interfaces Water

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