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From light sensing to adaptive learning:hafnium diselenide reconfigurable memcapacitive devices in neuromorphic computing

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Light(science & Applications) 2025年第1期14卷 215-226页

作者： Bashayr Alqahtani Hanrui Li Abdul Momin Syed Nazek El-Atab Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University(PNU)RiyadhSaudi Arabia

Advancements in neuromorphic computing have given an impetus to the development of systems with adaptive behavior,dynamic responses,and energy efficiency *** charge-based or emerging memory technologies such as memristors have been developed to emulate synaptic plasticity,replicating the key functionality of neurons—integrating diverse presynaptic inputs to fire electrical impulses—has remained *** this study,we developed reconfigurable metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors(MOSCaps)based on hafnium diselenide(HfSe2).The proposed devices exhibit(1)optoelectronic synaptic features and perform separate stimulus-associated learning,indicating considerable adaptive neuron emulation,(2)dual light-enabled charge-trapping and memcapacitive behavior within the same MOSCap device,whose threshold voltage and capacitance vary based on the light intensity across the visible spectrum,(3)memcapacitor volatility tuning based on the biasing conditions,enabling the transition from volatile light sensing to non-volatile optical data *** reconfigurability and multifunctionality of MOSCap were used to integrate the device into a leaky integrate-and-fire neuron model within a spiking neural network to dynamically adjust firing patterns based on light stimuli and detect exoplanets through variations in light intensity.

关键词： integrate volatile integrating

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Extended linear regression model for vessel trajectory prediction with a-priori AIS information

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地球空间信息科学学报（英文版） 2024年第1期27卷 202-220页

作者： Christiaan Neil Burger Waldo Kleynhans Trienko Lups Grobler Computer Science Division Stellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa

As maritime activities increase globally,there is a greater dependency on technology in monitoring,control,and surveillance of vessel *** of the most prominent systems for monitoring vessel activity is the Automatic Identification System(AIS).An increase in both vessels fitted with AIS transponders and satellite and terrestrial AIS receivers has resulted in a significant increase in AIS messages received *** resultant rich spatial and temporal data source related to vessel activity provides analysts with the ability to perform enhanced vessel movement analytics,of which a pertinent example is the improvement of vessel location *** this paper,we propose a novel strategy for predicting future locations of vessels making use of historic AIS *** proposed method uses a Linear Regression Model(LRM)and utilizes historic AIS movement data in the form of a-priori generated spatial maps of the course over ground(LRMAC).The LRMAC is an accurate low complexity first-order method that is easy to implement operationally and shows promising results in areas where there is a consistency in the directionality of historic vessel *** areas where the historic directionality of vessel movement is diverse,such as areas close to harbors and ports,the LRMAC defaults to the *** proposed LRMAC method is compared to the Single-Point Neighbor Search(SPNS),which is also a first-order method and has a similar level of computational complexity,and for the use case of predicting tanker and cargo vessel trajectories up to 8 hours into the future,the LRMAC showed improved results both in terms of prediction accuracy and execution time.

关键词： Automatic Identification System(AIS)data Linear Regression Model(LRM) trajectory mining spatial map historic data trajectory prediction

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Machine learning electron-phonon interactions in two-dimensional semiconducting materials: The case of zero-point renormalization

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Physical Review Materials 2024年第10期8卷 L101001页

作者： Anubhab Haldar Quentin Clark Marios Zacharias Feliciano Giustino Sahar Sharifzadeh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Philosophy Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences Department of Physics Division of Materials Science and Engineering

We utilize first-principles theory to investigate the role of electron-phonon interactions within a dataset of monolayer materials. Using density functional theory to describe excited-state transitions and the special displacement method to describe the role of phonons, we analyze the relationship between simple physical observables and electron-phonon coupling strength. For over 100 materials, we compute the band gap renormalization due to zero-point vibrational (ZPR) motion as a measure of electron-phonon interactions and train a machine learning model based on physical parameters. We demonstrate that the strength of electron-phonon interactions is highly dependent on the band gap, dielectric constant, and degree of ionicity, all of which can be physically justified. We then apply this model to 1302 2D materials, predicting the ZPR, which for five randomly selected materials tested agree well with the first-principles predictions. This work provides an approach for quantitatively predicting the ZPR as a measure of electron-phonon interactions in 2D materials.

关键词： Electron-phonon coupling Electronic structure 2-dimensional systems Machine learning

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Artificial visual perception neural system using a solution-processable MoS_(2)-based in-memory light sensor

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Light(science & Applications) 2023年第8期12卷 1583-1594页

作者： Dayanand Kumar Lana Joharji Hanrui Li Ayman Rezk Ammar Nayfeh Nazek El-Atab Smart Advanced Memory Devices and Applications(SAMA)LaboratoryElectrical and Computer Engineering ProgramComputer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Khalifa UniversityAbu Dhabi 127788United Arab Emirates

Optoelectronic devices are advantageous in in-memory light sensing for visual information processing,recognition,and storage in an energy-efficient ***,in-memory light sensors have been proposed to improve the energy,area,and time efficiencies of neuromorphic computing *** study is primarily focused on the development of a single sensing-storage-processing node based on a two-terminal solution-processable MoS2 metal-oxide-semiconductor(MOS)charge-trapping memory structure—the basic structure for charge-coupled devices(CCD)—and showing its suitability for in-memory light sensing and artificial visual *** memory window of the device increased from 2.8 V to more than 6V when the device was irradiated with optical lights of different wavelengths during the program ***,the charge retention capability of the device at a high temperature(100 ℃)was enhanced from 36 to 64%when exposed to a light wavelength of 400 *** larger shift in the threshold voltage with an increasing operating voltage confirmed that more charges were trapped at the Al_(2)O_(3)/MoS_(2) interface and in the MoS_(2) layer.A small convolutional neural network was proposed to measure the optical sensing and electrical programming abilities of the *** array simulation received optical images transmitted using a blue light wavelength and performed inference computation to process and recognize the images with 91%*** study is a significant step toward the development of optoelectronic MOS memory devices for neuromorphic visual perception,adaptive parallel processing networks for in-memory light sensing,and smart CCD cameras with artificial visual perception capabilities.

关键词： visual neural process

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Performance Analysis of a Novel Relay Selection Scheme for Wireless-Powered Cluster-Based Multi-Hop Cognitive Relay Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking 2024年第3期11卷 1551-1562页

作者： Sun, Hui Naraghi-Pour, Mort Qian, Yuwen Sheng, Weixing Han, Yubing Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing210094 China Louisiana State University Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Baton RougeLA70803 United States

In this paper, we study the performance of wireless-powered cluster-based multi-hop cognitive relay networks (MCRNs), where secondary nodes harvest energy from multiple dedicated power beacons (PBs) and share the spectrum with multiple primary receivers (PRs) in the underlay paradigm. For this system, we propose a hop-by-hop relay selection scheme called the largest decoding set (LDS). In each stage, relay selection is based on the harvested energy from PBs and the channel state information (CSI) of both the interference links to PRs and the relaying links in the subsequent hop. Considering both harvested energy and maximum interference constraints, we derive the exact end-to-end outage probability and show that the results closely match those obtained from simulations. Moreover, the asymptotic end-to-end outage probabilities in two different scenarios are derived to provide more valuable insights. Numerical results show that the outage probability of the proposed LDS scheme is very close to that of the best-path scheduling (BPS) scheme, which provides a lower bound on outage probability but requires global CSI before the secondary source transmits. We also compare the LDS scheme with other relay selection schemes that have appeared recently in the literature and show that LDS has the best outage performance. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Cognitive radio

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SSB-Based Multi-Target Detection and Joint Velocity, Angle, and Range Estimation in 5G-NR

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IEEE Communications Letters 2025年第6期29卷 1340-1344页

作者： Awad, Yousef Celik, Abdulkadir Eltawil, Ahmed King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia

This work aims to leverage the existing fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) synchronization signal (SS) burst for network-side integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). A novel density-based clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN)-based multi target detection algorithm is proposed. Furthermore, utilizing the beam sweeping nature of the SS burst, joint velocity, angle, and range (JVAR) estimation algorithms are proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed detection algorithm can reach an overall average detection accuracy of around 0.98 for different number of targets scenarios. On the other hand, the JVAR estimation accuracy are dependent on the individual radar resolution of velocity, angle and range. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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Light People:*** May Lau,newly elected US NAE member in Hong Kong,talks about future of photonics and women in science

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 602-608页

作者： Yating Wan Chenzi Guo Electrical and Computer Engineering the ComputerElectrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology23955-6900 ThuwalSaudi Arabia Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina

Editorial Photonics technology remains a driving force in today’s scientific landscape,marked by continuous innovation and crossdisciplinary *** an enlighting conversation with Light:science&Applications,*** May Lau,a pioneer in photonics research,shares her deep insights on the evolution of technologies of LEDs,lasers,challenges of hetero-epitaxy,and the future of micro-LEDs and quantum dot *** honored as a member of the US National Academy of engineering(NAE)for her significant contributions to photonics and electronics using III-V semiconductors on silicon,*** stands out as the sole Hong Kong scholar inducted into the NAE this year,joining 114 new and 21 international *** this exclusive Light People interview,*** shares her journey as a pioneering woman in engineering,her commitment to mentorship and academia,and her perspective on advancing female representation in *** summary provided is distilled from ***’s thoughtful responses during the *** a deeper exploration of ***’s experiences and advice,the full interview is available in the Supplementary material.

关键词： interview lighting driving

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Light People:*** Dai,*** Lo,and *** Su-innovators in silicon photonics

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第12期13卷 2880-2885页

In this edition of Light People,we are excited to feature *** Dai(Zhejiang University),*** Su(Shanghai Jiao Tong University),and *** Lo(Advanced Micro Foundry Pte Ltd,Singapore),three prominent researchers shaping the future of silicon *** collaborative work addresses critical issues in silicon photonics,including reducing propagation losses,enlarging the functionalities and enhancing building blocks,integrating efficient laser sources,expanding applications,and pushing the boundaries of optical and electronic *** this interview,we delve into their academic journeys,challenges,and future visions,offering insights into the ongoing evolution of silicon photonics and its potential to transform *** a deeper exploration of their experiences and advice,the full interview is available in the Supplementary material.

关键词： interview offering photonics

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Etching-free pixel definition in InGaN green micro-LEDs

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1655-1665页

作者： Zhiyuan Liu Yi Lu Haicheng Cao Glen Isaac Maciel Garcia Tingang Liu Xiao Tang Na Xiao Raul Aguileta Vazquez Mingtao Nong Xiaohang Li Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering ProgramCEMSE DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The traditional plasma etching process for defining micro-LED pixels could lead to significant sidewall *** near sidewall regions act as non-radiative recombination centers and paths for current leakage,significantly deteriorating device *** this study,we demonstrated a novel selective thermal oxidation(STO)method that allowed pixel definition without undergoing plasma damage and subsequent dielectric *** annealing in ambient air oxidized and reshaped the LED structure,such as p-layers and InGaN/GaN multiple quantum ***,the pixel areas beneath the pre-deposited SiO_(2)layer were selectively and effectively *** was demonstrated that prolonged thermal annealing time enhanced the insulating properties of the oxide,significantly reducing LED leakage ***,applying a thicker SiO_(2)protective layer minimized device resistance and boosted device efficiency *** the STO method,InGaN green micro-LED arrays with 50-,30-,and 10-μm pixel sizes were manufactured and *** results indicated that after 4 h of air annealing and with a 3.5-μm SiO_(2)protective layer,the 10-μm pixel array exhibited leakage currents density 1.2×10^(-6)A/cm^(2)at-10 V voltage and a peak on-wafer external quantum efficiency of~6.48%.This work suggests that the STO method could become an effective approach for future micro-LED manufacturing to mitigate adverse LED efficiency size effects due to the plasma etching and improve device ***-LEDs fabricated through the STO method can be applied to micro-displays,visible light communication,and optical interconnect-based *** planar pixel geometry will provide more possibilities for the monolithic integration of driving circuits with ***,the STO method is not limited to micro-LED fabrication and can be extended to design other III-nitride devices,such as photodetectors,laser diodes,high-electron-mobility transistors

关键词： annealing protective quantum

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Hierarchical Scheduling for Oil Spill SAR Image Detection in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第6期74卷 9689-9703页

作者： Son, Seok Bin Park, Soohyun Korea University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Sookmyung Women's University Division of Computer Science Seoul04310 Korea Republic of

Oil spills represent significant environmental hazards in ocean ecosystems, requiring rapid and accurate detection and response mechanisms. Due to its efficacy, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an important tool for remote monitoring of ocean environments. However, operational constraints such as communication time between low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites and ground stations (GS), as well as finite buffers, pose challenges. To address these issues, this paper proposes a space-air-ground-integrated network (SAGIN) scenario comprising LEO satellites, high altitude platforms (HAPs), and ground stations (GSs), suitable for rapid and accurate oil spill detection using SAR images. In addition, a novel three-step algorithm is proposed to facilitate SAR image transmission effectively. The first step of the proposed algorithm focuses on maximizing the transmission of ocean SAR images from the LEO satellites to the HAPs. This optimization involves the neural Myerson auction (NMA)-based scheduler, a second-price auction mechanism with deep learning methodologies for truthfulness, distributed computation, and low computational complexity. In addition, the pathloss is also considered for effective communication system design. The second step algorithm aims to maximize data transmission efficiency from HAPs to GSs, employing scheduling strategies based on the Markov decision process (MDP). This algorithm enables optimal decision-making over time steps, considering the throughput of each GS and the age of the information (AoI) ratio. Finally, an image compression rate control algorithm based on Lyapunov optimization is employed at the GSs to enhance detection accuracy while ensuring queue stability. The performance of the proposed three-step algorithm is intensively evaluated against various benchmark algorithms, demonstrating its superiority in oil spill detection efficacy. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Oil spills

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