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IEEE India Conference (INDICON)

作者： Neethu K Enrico Russo Rose George Kunthara Rekha K James John Jose School of Engineering Division of Electronics Engineering Cochin University of Science and Technology Cochin India Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering (DIEEI) University of Catania Catania Italy Departmentof Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665452724

Advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems that process vast feature sets can be designed using Deep Neural Networks (DNN). The popularity and prevalence of DNN based tasks are mainly due to their ability to achieve state of the art accuracy. However, DNN based systems are computationally intensive with heavy on-chip and off-chip data movement demands. Efficient hardware accelerators with systematized interconnection platform support handling this insistent computation and fast communication requirements. With rise in accelerator complexity, it is important to identify and solve communication overheads imposed due to heavy data movement in the system. Need for increased data transfers come as a consequence of complex computations and structure of data storage hierarchy in different DNN models. Multi-core system with underlying Network on Chip (NoC) framework is a promising design choice for implementing DNN based systems with diverse layers. Data movement plays a vital role in deciding performance of such systems. Analysing metrics that affect latency and energy/power efficiency of system is thus crucial in deciding performance enhancement of these DNN inference accelerators. This paper quantifies the communication overheads associated with accelerating different DNN models which use NoC as its basic communication platform.

关键词： Analytical models Shape Computational modeling Neural networks Routing Topology System-on-chip

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Multi-channel Avionics Module Fault Classification Based on Inception-CBAM Network

Multi-channel Avionics Module Fault Classification Based on ...

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electronic Communication and Artificial Intelligence (IWECAI), International Workshop on

作者： Lubin Yu YiXi Peng Xingjian Han Shuqi Liang Peiliang Yang Junbin Liu Shilie He China Electronic Product Reliability and Environmental Testing Research Institute Guangzhou China School of Software Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University Zhuhai China School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong University of Technology Zibo China

ISBN: (数字)9798350386943

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386950

In today's highly integrated and automated aviation field, the stable operation of avionics systems is the foundation for maintaining flight safety and efficient operations. Because of the shortcomings in research on fault classification of avionics modules, this study proposes an Inception-CBAM network model, aiming to improve the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis. This model combines the powerful multi-scale feature extraction capability of the Inception network with the attention mechanism of the CBAM module, which greatly enhances the ability to identify complex fault patterns. Experimental verification shows that the model can effectively classify various faults, enhance the scientificity and systematicness of diagnosis, and contribute important technical support to the formulation of aviation safety maintenance and fault prevention strategies.

关键词： Fault diagnosis Systematics Attention mechanisms Prevention and mitigation Aerospace electronics Feature extraction Data models

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Multivariate analysis of water quality of Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta

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Discover Water 2025年第1期5卷 1-17页

作者： Kumar, Rahul Pandey, Prachi Pandey, Aditya Kumar, Ujjwal Singh, Vikrant Gilbert, Patricia Kenison, Lydia Caudill, Jeffrey Singh, Vijay P. Pandey, Pramod K. Department of Population Health and Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine University of California-Davis Davis USA School of Environment and Natural Resource Doon University Dehradun India Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of California-Davis Davis USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California-Davis Davis USA California Department of Parks and Recreation Aquatic Invasive Species Branch Division of Boating and Waterways Sacramento USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering and Zachry Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering Texas A&M University College Station USA

Understanding ambient water quality characteristics is critical for identifying the key issues related to water quality and for deriving potential solutions for protecting public and environmental health. Water quality monitoring is used to characterize physical and chemical characteristics, and data driven approaches are often employed for evaluating water quality. However, observation-based data driven approaches pose challenges in decision making because of temporal and spatial variability of water quality, which lead to challenges in decision-making. Combining the monitoring approach with multivariate statistical analysis may provide an improved understanding of water quality of ambient water bodies. In this study, we used rapid and portable sensors to determine water quality of samples collected from four different locations in Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Then, we used a multivariate statistical technique to evaluate spatial water quality characteristics. Four sampling sites with seven water quality parameters produced clusters reflecting different pollution levels. Factor analysis extracted two varifactors explaining a majority of the total variance and representing the dominant water quality parameters. In this study, we used handheld sensors, which are relatively in-expensive, and easy to use with accuracy varying between 5 and 10%, which is comparable to conventional sensors. These traditional sensors are relatively expensive and challenging to use compare to portable the rapid test sensors. The results showed that the average pH of delta water was within permissible limit for drinking water (6.5–8.5 pH). However, the average turbidity value was often greater than the permissible limit for drinking water, which is set to less than 1 NTU. The range of turbidity varied depending on the sampling locations (0.1–7.5). The permissible conductivity value for drinking water is set to 1000 μS/cm, and the delta water conductivity was found to vary between 305 and 6

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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

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ACS NANO 2023年第6期17卷 5211-5295页

作者： Luo, Yifei Abidian, Mohammad Reza Ahn, Jong-Hyun Akinwande, Deji Andrews, Anne M. Antonietti, Markus Bao, Zhenan Berggren, Magnus Berkey, Christopher A. Bettinger, Christopher John Chen, Jun Chen, Peng Cheng, Wenlong Cheng, Xu Choi, Seon-Jin Chortos, Alex Dagdeviren, Canan Dauskardt, Reinhold H. Di, Chong-an Dickey, Michael D. Duan, Xiangfeng Facchetti, Antonio Fan, Zhiyong Fang, Yin Feng, Jianyou Feng, Xue Gao, Huajian Gao, Wei Gong, Xiwen Guo, Chuan Fei Guo, Xiaojun Hartel, Martin C. He, Zihan Ho, John S. Hu, Youfan Huang, Qiyao Huang, Yu Huo, Fengwei Hussain, Muhammad M. Javey, Ali Jeong, Unyong Jiang, Chen Jiang, Xingyu Kang, Jiheong Karnaushenko, Daniil Khademhosseini, Ali Kim, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Il-Doo Kireev, Dmitry Kong, Lingxuan Lee, Chengkuo Lee, Nae-Eung Lee, Pooi See Lee, Tae-Woo Li, Fengyu Li, Jinxing Liang, Cuiyuan Lim, Chwee Teck Lin, Yuanjing Lipomi, Darren J. Liu, Jia Liu, Kai Liu, Nan Liu, Ren Liu, Yuxin Liu, Yuxuan Liu, Zhiyuan Liu, Zhuangjian Loh, Xian Jun Lu, Nanshu Lv, Zhisheng Magdassi, Shlomo Malliaras, George G. Matsuhisa, Naoji Nathan, Arokia Niu, Simiao Pan, Jieming Pang, Changhyun Pei, Qibing Peng, Huisheng Qi, Dianpeng Ren, Huaying Rogers, John A. Rowe, Aaron Schmidt, Oliver G. Sekitani, Tsuyoshi Seo, Dae-Gyo Shen, Guozhen Sheng, Xing Shi, Qiongfeng Someya, Takao Song, Yanlin Stavrinidou, Eleni Su, Meng Sun, Xuemei Takei, Kuniharu Tao, Xiao-Ming Tee, Benjamin C. K. Thean, Aaron Voon-Yew Trung, Tran Quang Wan, Changjin Wang, Huiliang Wang, Joseph Wang, Ming Wang, Sihong Wang, Ting Wang, Zhong Lin Weiss, Paul S. Wen, Hanqi Xu, Sheng Xu, Tailin Yan, Hongping Yan, Xuzhou Yang, Hui Yang, Le Yang, Shuaijian Yin, Lan Yu, Cunjiang Yu, Guihua Yu, Jing Yu, Shu-Hong Yu, Xinge Zamburg, Evgeny Zhang, Haixia Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Xiaosheng Zhang, Xueji Zhang, Yihui Zhang, Yu Zhao, Siyuan Zhao, Xuanhe Zheng, Yuanjin Zheng, Yu-Qing Zheng, Zijian Zhou, Tao Zhu, Bowen Zhu, Ming Zhu, Rong Zhu, Yangzhi Zhu, Yong Zou, Guijin Chen, Xiaodong 08-03 Innovis Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX) School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston Houston Texas 77024 United States School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 United States Microelectronics Research Center The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78758 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States Colloid Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces 14476 Potsdam Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94305 United States Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Campus Norrköping Linköping University 83 Linköping Sweden Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability (WISE) and Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC) SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94301 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 United States Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637457 Singapore Nanobionics Group Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton Australia 3800 Monash

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze continued...challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative

关键词： soft materials mechanics engineering flexible electronics conformable sensors bioelectronics human-machine interfaces body area sensor networks technology translation sustainable electronics

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Decentralized MIMO Systems with Imperfect CSI using LMMSE Receivers

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhuang, Zeyan Zhang, Xin Xu, Dongfang Song, Shenghui Eldar, Yonina C. Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Division of Integrative Systems and Design The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Mathematics and Computer Science The Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot7610001 Israel

Centralized baseband processing (CBP) is required to achieve the full potential of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. However, due to the large number of antennas, CBP suffers from two major issues: 1) Extensive data interconnection between radio frequency (RF) circuitry and the central processing unit;and 2) high-dimensional computation. To this end, decentralized baseband processing (DBP) has been proposed, where the antennas at the base station are partitioned into clusters connected to separate RF circuits and equipped with separate computing units. However, the optimal fusion scheme that maximizes signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) and the related performance analysis for DBP with general spatial correlation and imperfect channel state information (CSI) have not been studied. In this paper, we consider a decentralized MIMO system where all clusters adopt linear minimum mean-square error (LMMSE) receivers. We first establish an optimal linear fusion scheme that has high computational and data input/output costs. To reduce the cost, we then propose two suboptimal fusion schemes with reduced complexity. For all three schemes, we study the SINR performance by leveraging random matrix theory and demonstrate conditions under which the suboptimal schemes are optimal. Furthermore, we determine the optimal regularization parameter for the LMMSE receiver, identify the best antenna partitioning strategy, and prove that the SINR will decrease as the number of clusters increases. Numerical simulations validate the accuracy of the theoretical results. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mean square error

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A survey on secure decentralized optimization and learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Changxin Bastianello, Nicola Huo, Wei Shi, Yang Johansson, Karl H. Division of Decision and Control Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Digital Futures Stockholm Sweden Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Victoria VictoriaBC Canada

Decentralized optimization has become a standard paradigm for solving large-scale decision-making problems and training large machine learning models without centralizing data. However, this paradigm introduces new privacy and security risks, with malicious agents potentially able to infer private data or impair the model accuracy. Over the past decade, significant advancements have been made in developing secure decentralized optimization and learning frameworks and algorithms. This survey provides a comprehensive tutorial on these advancements. We begin with the fundamentals of decentralized optimization and learning, highlighting centralized aggregation and distributed consensus as key modules exposed to security risks in federated and distributed optimization, respectively. Next, we focus on privacy-preserving algorithms, detailing three cryptographic tools and their integration into decentralized optimization and learning systems. Additionally, we examine resilient algorithms, exploring the design and analysis of resilient aggregation and consensus protocols that support these systems. We conclude the survey by discussing current trends and potential future directions. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Federated learning

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MetaCity: Data-driven sustainable development of complex cities

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The Innovation 2025年第2期6卷 88-103,87页

作者： Yunke Zhang Yuming Lin Guanjie Zheng Yu Liu Nicholas Sukiennik Fengli Xu Yongjun Xu Feng Lu Qi Wang Yuan Lai Li Tian Nan Li Dongping Fang Fei Wang Tao Zhou Yong Li Yu Zheng Zhiqiang Wu Huadong Guo Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist)Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China John Hopcroft Center for Computer Science Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA School of Architecture Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Big Data Research Center University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China JD iCity JD Technology&JD Intelligent Cities ResearchBeijing 100176China College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji UniversityShanghai 200292China International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals Beijing 100094China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China These authors contributed equally

Cities are complex systems that develop under complicated interactions among their human and environmental *** generates substantial outcomes and opportunities while raising challenges including congestion,air pollution,inequality,etc.,calling for efficient and reasonable solutions to sustainable ***,booming technologies generate large-scale data of complex cities,providing a chance to propose data-driven solutions for sustainable urban *** paper provides a comprehensive overview of data-driven urban sustainability *** this review article,we conceptualize MetaCity,a general framework for optimizing resource usage and allocation problems in complex cities with data-driven *** this framework,we decompose specific urban sustainable goals,e.g.,efficiency and resilience,review practical urban problems under these goals,and explore the probability of using data-driven technologies as potential solutions to the challenge of *** the basis of extensive urban data,we integrate urban problem discovery,operation of urban systems simulation,and complex decision-making problem solving into an entire cohesive framework to achieve sustainable development goals by optimizing resource allocation problems in complex cities.

关键词： resource usage sustainable development urbanization resilience data driven urban systems simulation complex cities complexity

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Comparative assessment of established and deep learning-based segmentation methods for hippocampal volume estimation in brain magnetic resonance imaging analysis

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NMR in Biomedicine 2024年第9期37卷 e5169页

作者： Wang, Hsi-Chun Chen, Chia-Sho Kuo, Chung-Chin Huang, Teng-Yi Kuo, Kuei-Hong Chuang, Tzu-Chao Lin, Yi-Ru Chung, Hsiao-Wen Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Division of Medical Image Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei Taiwan School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

In this study, our objective was to assess the performance of two deep learning-based hippocampal segmentation methods, SynthSeg and TigerBx, which are readily available to the public. We contrasted their performance with that of two established techniques, FreeSurfer-Aseg and FSL-FIRST, using three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI scans (n = 1447) procured from public databases. Our evaluation focused on the accuracy and reproducibility of these tools in estimating hippocampal volume. The findings suggest that both SynthSeg and TigerBx are on a par with Aseg and FIRST in terms of segmentation accuracy and reproducibility, but offer a significant advantage in processing speed, generating results in less than 1 min compared with several minutes to hours for the latter tools. In terms of Alzheimer's disease classification based on the hippocampal atrophy rate, SynthSeg and TigerBx exhibited superior performance. In conclusion, we evaluated the capabilities of two deep learning-based segmentation techniques. The results underscore their potential value in clinical and research environments, particularly when investigating neurological conditions associated with hippocampal structures. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Human Observation-Inspired Trajectory Prediction for Autonomous Driving in Mixed-Autonomy Traffic Environments

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liao, Haicheng Liu, Shangqian Li, Yongkang Li, Zhenning Wang, Chengyue Li, Yunjian Li, Shengbo Eben Xu, Chengzhong State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Computer and Information Science University of Macau China Department of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Computer and Information Science University of Macau China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Macau China Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology China School of Vehicle and Mobility Tsinghua University Beijing China

In the burgeoning field of autonomous vehicles (AVs), trajectory prediction remains a formidable challenge, especially in mixed autonomy environments. Traditional approaches often rely on computational methods such as time-series analysis. Our research diverges significantly by adopting an interdisciplinary approach that integrates principles of human cognition and observational behavior into trajectory prediction models for AVs. We introduce a novel "adaptive visual sector" mechanism that mimics the dynamic allocation of attention human drivers exhibit based on factors like spatial orientation, proximity, and driving speed. Additionally, we develop a "dynamic traffic graph" using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Graph Attention Networks (GAT) to capture spatio-temporal dependencies among agents. Benchmark tests on the NGSIM, HighD, and MoCAD datasets reveal that our model (GAVA) outperforms state-of-the-art baselines by at least 15.2%, 19.4%, and 12.0%, respectively. Our findings underscore the potential of leveraging human cognition principles to enhance the proficiency and adaptability of trajectory prediction algorithms in AVs. The code for the proposed model is available at our Github. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Time series analysis

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A Facile Approach for Fabricating Ordered Submicrometer-Wide Surface Patterns by Imprinting Polydimethylsiloxane Cracks

A Facile Approach for Fabricating Ordered Submicrometer-Wide...

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International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators (TRANSDUCERS)

作者： Yang Bu Sheng Ni Levent Yobas Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR Division of Bioengineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR

A novel and cost-effective method for creating ordered submicrometer-wide surface patterns using PDMS cracks is presented in this study. Cracks are first formed on a flat PDMS substrate by stretching an oxidized PDMS slab, and then the cracks are imprinted onto a target substrate to create uniform and ordered surface patterns. The resulting submicrometer-wide patterns are difficult to achieve using conventional fabrication methods limited by photolithography's resolution. Applications of the imprinted patterns, such as selective particle capture and DNA combing, are demonstrated. This approach offers a new way to utilize PDMS cracks and provides a simple and low-cost method for creating submicrometer-wide surface patterns with potential applications in various fields.

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