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Experience with the use of a digital sleep diary in symptom management by individuals with insomnia -a pilot mixed method study

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Sleep Medicine: X 2023年 6卷 100093页

作者： Thorshov, Thea Christine Øverby, Caroline Tonje Hansen, Diana Dobran Bong, Way Kiat Skifjeld, Knut Hurlen, Petter Dammen, Toril Moen, Anne Hrubos-Strøm, Harald Division of Surgery Department of Otorhinolaryngology Akershus University Hospital Lørenskog Norway Faculty of Technology Art and Design Department of Computer Science Human-Computer Interaction and Universal Design of ICT Oslo Metropolitan University Oslo Norway Norsk e-helse Oslo Norway Division of Clinical Informatics Department of Diagnostics and Technology Akershus University Hospital Lørenskog Norway Faculty of Medicine Institute of Clinical Medicine Campus Ahus University of Oslo Norway Faculty of Medicine Institute of Health and Society Department of Nursing Science University of Oslo Norway Faculty of Medicine Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Norway Department of Research and Innovation Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway

Background: Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder. The recommended treatment is cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTi). A sleep diary is a core tool in CBTi. We have developed a digital sleep diary with a standardised feedback function. Aim: To study feasibility of the digital sleep diary in participants of the Akershus Sleep Apnea (ASAP) cohorts with difficulties falling asleep or maintaining sleep. To describe sleep diary engagement and explore experiences with the digital sleep diary with potential influences in insomnia symptom management. Material and methods: Twenty participants were recruited from the ASAP. All filled out a digital sleep diary up to 12 weeks. Treatment options provided were a self-help book (N = 11) or electroencephalography neurofeedback (N = 9) in addition to the sleep diary standardised feedback function. We collected quantitative data from the sleep diary reports and we sub-divided insomnia by sleep onset insomnia and non-sleep onset insomnia. Finally, we performed qualitative interviews. Results: The median number of entries to the sleep diary was 81 (25th quartile: 26, 75th quartile 84). In the qualitative analysis, we identified two main themes;“structure and overview” and “usability and digital features”. Conclusion: The sleep diary was found to be feasible when distributed in combination with a self-help book or electroencephalography neurofeedback. The qualitative results emphasised the importance of a timely graphical overview and visualisations of self-recorded sleep. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Digital sleep diary Engagement Feasibility Insomnia Motivation Patient-reported outcomes Self-management

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On the importance of AI research beyond disciplines

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Dignum, Virginia Casey, Donal Cerratto-Pargman, Teresa Dignum, Frank Fantasia, Valentina Formark, Bodil Hammarfelt, Björn Holmberg, Gunnar Holzapfel, André Larsson, Stefan Lagerkvist, Amanda Lakemond, Nicolette Lindgren, Helena Lorig, Fabian Marusic, Ana Rahm, Lina Razmetaeva, Yulia Sikström, Sverker Tatar, Kıvanç Tucker, Jason Department of Computing Science Umeå University Sweden Department of Philosophy Lund University Sweden Department of Business Studies Uppsala University Sweden Dept. of Computer and Systems Sciences Stockholm University Sweden Umeå University Sweden Swedish School of Library and Information Science University of Borås Sweden Department of Management and Engineering Linköping University Sweden Division of Media Technology and Interaction Design KTH Sweden Department of Technology and Society Lund University Sweden Department of Informatics and Media Uppsala University Sweden Department of Computer Science and Media Technology Malmö University Sweden University of Split School of Medicine Split Croatia Department of Philosophy and History KTH Sweden Department of Law Uppsala University Sweden Department of Psychology Lund University Sweden Chalmers University of Technology Sweden Department of Global Political Studies Malmö University Sweden

As the impact of AI on various scientific fields is increasing, it is crucial to embrace interdisciplinary knowledge to understand the impact of technology on society. The goal is to foster a research environment beyond disciplines that values diversity and creates, critiques and develops new conceptual and theoretical frameworks. Even though research beyond disciplines is essential for understanding complex societal issues and creating positive impact it is notoriously difficult to evaluate and is often not recognized by current academic career progression. The motivation for this paper is to engage in broad discussion across disciplines and identify guiding principles fir AI research beyond disciplines in a structured and inclusive way, revealing new perspectives and contributing to societal and human wellbeing and sustainability. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Sustainable development

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Morpho-Mechanical Analysis of Porcine Growth Plate Tissue Mechanics Under Torsional Shear

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Hucke, Lucie Quelhas Teixeira, Graciosa Seitz, Andreas Martin Gámez, Antonio Huß, Armin Hammer, Niels Wittek, Andreas Niestrawska, Justyna A. Personalized Biomedical Engineering Laboratory Department 2: Computer Science and Engineering Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences Frankfurt Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Design School of Engineering Universidad de Cádiz Cádiz Spain Division of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy Gottfried Schatz Research Center Medical University of Graz Graz Austria Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics Ulm University Medical Centre Ulm Germany Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany Fraunhofer IWU Dresden Germany

This study aimed to investigate the microstructural and mechanical properties of growth plate tissue under torsional loading, focusing on variations across individuals, growth plate types, and anatomical locations.A total of 398 samples from three distinct growth plates in five porcine subjects were subjected to cyclic torsion tests followed by ultimate failure testing. Additionally, histological analyses were performed using Movat's pentachrome staining to assess tissue *** testing revealed significant differences in shear moduli across growth plate types;notably, the proximal femur exhibited a higher primary shear modulus compared to both the distal femur and proximal tibia. Correlation analyses showed a negative relationship between hypertrophic zone thickness and primary shear modulus (rho = -0.49 at 0.5 °/s, p © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shear strain

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« Sound people speak to Star people – A sound experts’ perspective on astronomy sonification projects»

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Misdariis, Nicolas Özcan, E. Grassi, M. Pauletto, S. Barrass, S. Bresin, R. Susini, P. STMS Ircam-Cnrs-SU Paris France Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering Delft Univ. of Technology Delft Netherlands Department of General Psychology University of Padova Italy Dept of Media Technology and Interaction Design School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden *** Canberra Australia 1 Place Igor Stravinsky Paris75004 France

The Audible Universe project aims at making dialogue between two scientific domains investigating two distinct research objects, briefly said, Stars and Sound. It has been instantiated within a collaborative workshop that started to mutually acculturate both communities, by sharing and transmitting respective knowledge, skills and practices. One main outcome of this exchange was a global view on the astronomical data sonification paradigm that allowed to observe either the diversity of tools, uses and users (including visually-impaired people), but also the current limitations and potential ways of improvement. From this perspective, the current paper presents basic elements gathered and contextualised by sound experts in their respective fields (sound perception / cognition, sound design, psychoacoustics, experimental psychology), in order to anchor sonification for astronomy in a more well-informed, methodological and creative process. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Stars

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Sparse-View CT Reconstruction Based on Improved Re-Sidual Network

Sparse-View CT Reconstruction Based on Improved Re-Sidual Ne...

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作者： Qian, Yufei Xie, Shipeng Zhuang, Wenqin Li, Haibo College of Telecommunications & Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications NanjingJiangsu210003 China Department of Media Technology and Interaction Design School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm10044 Sweden

With the development of CT imaging, people have higher requirements for the quality of CT image reconstruction. It is desirable to use as low as reasonably achievable X-ray dose while meeting the quality of imaging requirements. Sparse-view reconstruction is a valid measure to resolve the radiation dose problem. Owing to the angular range of projection data does not satisfy the data completeness condition, sparse-view reconstruction has always been a conundrum in CT image reconstruction. In this paper, we introduces a new CT sparse-view reconstruction algorithm, which bases on the residual network. We optimize traditional residual models by improving the superfluous modules and reducing unnecessary calculations. Compared to several other classic methods, the experimental results with our network obtained better consequent, regarding artifact reduction, feature preservation, and computational speed. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Weyl Semimetals: from Principles, Materials to Applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhong, Mengyuan Vu, Nam Thanh Trung Zhai, Wenhao Soh, Jian Rui Liu, Yuanda Wu, Jing Suwardi, Ady Liu, Huajun Chang, Guoqing Loh, Kian Ping Gao, Weibo Qiu, Cheng-Wei Yang, Joel K.W. Dong, Zhaogang 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis #08-03 Singapore138634 Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 117575 Singapore 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis #08-03 Singapore138634 Singapore School of Electronic Science & Engineering Southeast University Nanjing211189 China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Sha Tin New Territories Hong Kong999077 Hong Kong Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore117543 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore117576 Singapore Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore487372 Singapore

Weyl semimetals have attracted significant interest in condensed matter physics and materials science, due to their unique electronic and topological properties. These characteristics not only deepen our understanding of fundamental quantum phenomena, but also make Weyl semimetals promising candidates for advanced applications in electronics, photonics, and spintronics. This review provides a systematic overview of the field, covering theoretical foundations, material synthesis, engineering strategies, and emerging device applications. We first outline the key theoretical principles and distinctive properties of Weyl semimetals, followed by an examination of recent advancements that enhance their functional versatility. Finally, we discuss the critical challenges hindering their practical implementation and explore future development directions, along with the potential for expanding and enhancing their existing range of applications. By integrating discussions of both opportunities and obstacles, this review offers a balanced perspective on current progress and future directions in Weyl semimetal research. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Quantum interference phenomena

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A Numerical Method to Analyze Electromagnetic Scattering from Composite Plasmonic Structures Involving a Metal-Metal Interface

A Numerical Method to Analyze Electromagnetic Scattering fro...

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Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium

作者： Doolos Aibek Uulu Rui Chen Liang Chen Ping Li Hakan Bagci Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Central Asia (UCA) Naryn Kyrgyzstan Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Design and Electromagnetic Compatibility of High-Speed Electronic Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

A coupled system of volume integral and hydrodynamic equations is formulated to analyze electromagnetic scattering from composite plasmonic structures involving a metal-metal interface. This coupled system in unknowns electric flux and free electron velocity is discretized using Schaubert-Wilton-Glisson basis functions. Inserting these expansions into the coupled system of equations and applying Galerkin testing yield a matrix equation. Two-level iterative scheme is used to solve this matrix equation for the unknown expansion coefficients. To demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method, numerical results are compared to those obtained using an extended Mie series approach that takes into account the hydrodynamic equation and the boundary conditions it requires.

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Transient Dynamics and Propagation of Voltage and Frequency Fluctuations in Transmission Grids

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2022年

作者： Nnoli, Kosisochukwu Pal Delić, Fahrudin Kettemann, Stefan The Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Jacobs University Bremen Bremen28759 Germany The School of Engineering and Design Department of Energy and Process Engineering Technische Universität München Munich85748 Germany The Department of Physics Jacobs University Bremen Bremen28759 Germany Division of Advanced Materials Science Postech Pohang790-784 Korea Republic of

The energy transition towards an increased electric power production from renewable energy (RE) resources creates new challenges to ensure the stability of power grids. In conventional power grids, voltage fluctuations can be controlled locally. Here, we explore whether the energy transition changes this situation. We study systematically the transients of voltage amplitude, voltage phase and frequency deviations due to local contingencies in dependence on system inertia, heterogeneity and topology. The 3rd order dynamic power grid model is studied numerically and analytically and compared with real grid simulations, for the Nigerian (330 kV) power grid and other grid models, using DigSILENT PowerFactory software. We provide a quantitative analysis of the parametric dependence of the velocity, with which a disturbance propagates throughout the grid, and of the period of oscillations of the frequency and voltage transients. We find beating patterns in the transients which we identify as footprints of the location of the fault bus. We confirm that voltage deviations remain local for realistic ranges of parameters. However, we find that this no longer holds when the electrical power in the grid is close to its critical value. We furthermore consider time dependent second moments of the geodesic distance, weighted with frequency deviations Sδω(t) and voltage deviations SδV (t), respectively and confirm thereby ballistic disturbance propagation with velocity v in model grids. However, in realistic grids, we observe a linear time dependence of S(t) indicating diffusive propagation due to multiple scattering from inhomogeneities in power grids. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Time delay

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"I Don't Want People to Look At Me Differently": designing User-Defined Above-the-Neck Gestures for People with Upper Body Motor Impairments

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhao, Xuan Fan, Mingming Han, Teng School of Information Rochester Institute of Technology United States The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Division of Integrative Systems and Design Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Recent research proposed eyelid gestures for people with upper-body motor impairments (UMI) to interact with smartphones without finger touch. However, such eyelid gestures were designed by researchers. It remains unknown what eyelid gestures people with UMI would want and be able to perform. Moreover, other above-the-neck body parts (e.g., mouth, head) could be used to form more gestures. We conducted a user study in which 17 people with UMI designed above-the-neck gestures for 26 common commands on smartphones. We collected a total of 442 user-defined gestures involving the eyes, the mouth, and the head. Participants were more likely to make gestures with their eyes and preferred gestures that were simple, easy-to-remember, and less likely to draw attention from others. We further conducted a survey (N=24) to validate the usability and acceptance of these user-defined gestures. Results show that user-defined gestures were acceptable to both people with and without motor impairments. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Smartphones

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HC3L-Diff: Hybrid conditional latent diffusion with high frequency enhancement for CBCT-to-CT synthesis

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yin, Shi Tan, Hongqi Chong, Li Ming Liu, Haofeng Liu, Hui Lee, Kang Hao Tuan, Jeffrey Kit Loong Ho, Dean Jin, Yueming Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering Central South University Hunan China Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore Singapore Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore School of Physical and Mathematical Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Gastric Cancer Consortium Department of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore

Background: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) plays a crucial role in image-guided radiotherapy, but artifacts and noise make them unsuitable for accurate dose calculation. Artificial intelligence methods have shown promise in enhancing CBCT quality to produce synthetic CT (sCT) images. However, existing methods either produce images of suboptimal quality or incur excessive time costs, failing to satisfy clinical practice standards. Methods and materials:We propose a novel hybrid conditional latent diffusion model for efficient and accurate CBCT-to-CT synthesis, named HC3L-Diff. We employ the Unified Feature Encoder (UFE) to compress images into a low-dimensional latent space, thereby optimizing computational efficiency. Beyond the use of CBCT images, we propose integrating its high-frequency knowledge as a hybrid condition to guide the diffusion model in generating sCT images with preserved structural details. This high-frequency information is captured using our designed High-Frequency Extractor (HFE). During inference, we utilize denoising diffusion implicit model to facilitate rapid sampling. We construct a new in-house prostate dataset with paired CBCT and CT to validate the effectiveness of our method. Result: Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of sCT quality and generation efficiency. Moreover, our medical physicist conducts the dosimetric evaluations to validate the benefit of our method in practical dose calculation, achieving a remarkable 93.8% gamma passing rate with a 2%/2mm criterion, superior to other methods. Conclusion: The proposed HC3L-Diff can efficiently achieve high-quality CBCT-to-CT synthesis in only over 2 mins per patient. Its promising performance in dose calculation shows great potential for enhancing real-world adaptive radiotherapy. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： computerized tomography

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