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Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2025

作者： Ogawa, Ryuhei Sato, Naoto Saito, Atsushi Singh, Mithun Kuniyil Ajith Kawamoto, Hiroaki Sankai, Yoshiyuki Master’s Program in Intelligent and Mechanical Interaction Systems University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Research & Development Division Cyberdyne Inc. Tsukuba Japan Research & Business Development Division Cyberdyne Inc. Rotterdam Netherlands Institute of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781510683860

LED-based photoacoustic imaging (PAI) with linear array ultrasound probes has gained attention due to its cost-effectiveness, safety, and potential for portable applications. However, its low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and limited visibility of blood vessel lumens remain challenges. To address these issues, we propose an innovative deconvolution approach that leverages the differential of the LED light pulse to enhance photoacoustic image quality. Our optimized reconstruction algorithm improves blood vessel visualization by applying deconvolution of the PA signals with the differential of the LED pulse, leading to improved lumen visibility and enhanced imaging of peripheral blood vessels in both 2D and potentially 3D. Our method precisely measures the LED pulse profile using the LED arrays integrated into our AcousticX system. The second differential of this pulse is then utilized as the point spread function (PSF) in the deconvolution process. This technique effectively enhances PA signals by emphasizing the leading and trailing edges of the pulse, thereby improving blood vessel visibility and overall image quality. To validate our approach, we conducted experiments using tissue-mimicking phantoms and human volunteers with the AcousticX system. The algorithm was tested offline in MATLAB and in real-time on the AcousticX platform. Results demonstrate substantial artifact suppression, improved SNR, and enhanced image contrast, ultimately enabling clearer visualization of the blood vessels. This advancement improves the competitiveness of LED-based PAI systems compared to laser-based alternatives and broadens their potential for clinical applications, accelerating their translation into medical practice. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging

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Hybrid Data-Mechanism Modeling for Tire Response Dynamics in Estimating Tire-Road Friction Coefficient

Hybrid Data-Mechanism Modeling for Tire Response Dynamics in...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Lu, Jiaxing Cheng, Liangzhu Liang, Jun Wang, Nian Li, Bin Zhang, Lin Chen, Hong Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Dongfeng Automotive Technology Center Wuhan China Dongfeng Motor Corporation Wuhan China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China School of Automotive Studies Tongji University Shanghai201804 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

Advanced control and safety systems are crucial for electric vehicles, and the accurate estimation of the tire-road friction coefficient (TRFC) is crucial for developing effective safety control strategies. The hybrid data-mechanism model (HDMM), introduced in this paper, addresses the performance challenges posed by the inaccuracies of physical models and the limited interpretability of data-driven models in tire force estimation for TRFC estimation. Tire dynamics often exhibit transient responses, while mechanism-based models(MBM) typically reflect steady-state characteristics. Neglecting transient characteristics leads to a decrease in model accuracy. A neural network is used to learn the transient response characteristics of tire dynamics. These characteristics are then integrated with the steady-state tire forces from MBM to estimate the lateral and vertical forces acting on the wheel. The estimated tire forces serve as virtual measurements to calibrate parameters in the TRFC estimator, based on the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). During real-world vehicle tests, the proposed method reduced the Mean Error (ME) in lateral and vertical forces by 1271.85 N and 996.7 N, respectively, compared to the estimated tire forces from MBM. Additionally, the estimated TRFC converged to the reference value approximately 40ms earlier than the result from the MBM, with an estimated deviation within 0.1. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Transient analysis

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Super-Resolution of Optical Thickness Measurement employing Correlation-based Spectrum Estimation

Super-Resolution of Optical Thickness Measurement employing ...

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CLEO: Science and Innovations in CLEO 2024, CLEO: S and I 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

作者： Yamaguchi, Naoki Yamauchi, Takanori Kitamura, Takayuki Imaki, Masaharu Yamashita, Shinji Set, Sze Yun Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The Univ. of Tokyo Komaba 4-6-1 Meguro Tokyo153-8904 Japan Information Technology R&D Center Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Ofuna 5-1-1 Kanagawa Kamakura247-8501 Japan Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems The Univ. of Tokyo Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo Tokyo113-8656 Japan

The quantification of optical thickness using a wavelength swept source is pivotal for applications such as Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT) and Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) lidar, demanding sub-millimeter range resolution. To enhance resolution, we advocate the incorporation of a correlation-based spectrum estimation method in FMCW optical thickness measurement. Our approach successfully resolved a notable 0.59 mm of thickness with a 1.7 nm wavelength sweep, surpassing the 0.61 mm theoretical limit imposed by Fourier transform. © Optica Publishing Group 2024

关键词： Thickness measurement

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Blockchain based Public Auditing Outsourcing for Cloud Storage 27

Blockchain based Public Auditing Outsourcing for Cloud Stora...

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27th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed systems, ICPADS 2021

作者： Lin, Yangfei Li, Jie Kimura, Shigetomo Zhang, Yongbing Ji, Yusheng Yang, Yang Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai China University of Tsukuba Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan National Institute of Informatics Information Systems Architecture Research Division Tokyo Japan School of Mathematics and Computer Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665408783

Cloud storage services offer flexible, convenient solutions for business and personal users to store data. Traditionally, Third Party Auditors (TPAs) are introduced to ensure data integrity for public auditing. However, TPAs may also be untrusted for forging the auditing results or colluding with cloud storage servers to deceive users. In this paper, we propose a novel Blockchain-based Public Auditing Outsourcing system without TPAs (BPAO), in which the computationally expensive operations in public auditing are outsourced through blockchain to the cloud servers without risking users' privacy. Our security analysis indicates that BPAO achieves soundness and robustness. The experimental results show that BPAO is computationally efficient for cloud storage user. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Smart contract

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Equivalence of JST Algorithm and Kalman Filtering Algorithm for Time Scale Generation

Equivalence of JST Algorithm and Kalman Filtering Algorithm ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Precision Clock Synchronization for Measurement, Control and Communication, ISPCS

作者： Yuyue Yan Takahiro Kawaguchi Yuichiro Yano Yuko Hanado Takayuki Ishizaki Department of Systems and Control Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Division of Electronics and Informatics Gunma University National Institute of Information and Communications Technology

Existing studies have established two different algorithms, the Kalman filtering algorithm and the Japan Standard Time (JST) algorithm, for generating reliable time scales. However, the relations between those two methods have not been clarified. In this paper, we mathematically clarify the equivalence of the averaged atomic time of JST-algo and Kalman filtering algorithm. In particular, we reveal the fact that the averaged atomic time of JST-algo does not depend on the measurement noise even though there is no filtering procedure in the algorithm. Furthermore, the prediction error of Kalman filtering algorithm is rigorously shown by using the prediction error regarding an observable state space. It is mathematically shown that when the covariance matrices of system noises are identical for all atomic clocks, then considering equal averaging weights for the clocks is a necessary and sufficient condition to ensure the equivalence between JST-algo and Kalman filtering algorithm. A numerical example comparing the runtime of JST-algo and Kalman filtering algorithm is provided to illustrate the efficacy of JST-algo.

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Analyzing the Engagement of Social Relationships During Life Event Shocks in Social Media

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Choi, Minje Jurgens, David Romero, Daniel M. School of Information University of Michigan United States Computer Science and Engineering Division University of Michigan United States Center for the Study of Complex Systems University of Michigan United States

Individuals experiencing unexpected distressing events, shocks, often rely on their social network for support. While prior work has shown how social networks respond to shocks, these studies usually treat all ties equally, despite differences in the support provided by different social relationships. Here, we conduct a computational analysis on Twitter that examines how responses to online shocks differ by the relationship type of a user dyad. We introduce a new dataset of over 13K instances of individuals’ self-reporting shock events on Twitter and construct networks of relationship-labeled dyadic interactions around these events. By examining behaviors across 110K replies to shocked users in a pseudo-causal analysis, we demonstrate relationship-specific patterns in response levels and topic shifts. We also show that while well-established social dimensions of closeness such as tie strength and structural embeddedness contribute to shock responsiveness, the degree of impact is highly dependent on relationship and shock types. Our findings indicate that social relationships contain highly distinctive characteristics in network interactions and that relationship-specific behaviors in online shock responses are unique from those of offline settings. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Social networking (online)

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Dynamic colormap visualization integrated with Harris hawks optimization for enhanced lung CT segmentation and diagnostic precision

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Cluster Computing 2025年第6期28卷 1-22页

作者： Drogham, Osama Ryalat, Mohammad H. Al-Najdawi, Nijad Alkhawaldeh, Rami S. AlShaqsi, Jamil Al-Betar, Mohammed Azmi Prince Abdullah bin Ghazi Faculty of Information and Communication Technology Al-Balqa Applied University Al-Salt Jordan College of Computer and Information Science Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information Systems The University of Jordan Aqaba Jordan Information Systems Department Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Artificial Intelligence Research Center (AIRC) College of Engineering and Information Technology Ajman University Ajman United Arab Emirates

This study presents a novel method that utilizes Harris Hawks Optimization combined with dynamic colormap visualization to enhance the quality of lung CT scan segmentation. The Harris hawks optimization algorithm is a swarm-based method used to enhance multi-level thresholding for image segmentation, hence facilitating the identification of regions of interest (ROIs) in medical images. An analysis of different colormap schemes including Accent, Gray, Hot, Inferno and Jet, was conducted to improve the visualization of segmented images. The experimental results show the efficiency of the HHO algorithm from the segmentation accuracy perspective as compared to the conventional optimization techniques using publicly available datasets from the Cancer Imaging Archive. In particular, the average SSIM was above 98% while the Jaccard Index was more than 90%. The expert evaluation confirms earlier findings that using the HHO algorithm with the Inferno colormap, particularly with four or five thresholds, achieves optimal image clarity and diagnostic value for clinical purposes. In addition, the method provides a promising way to enhance diagnostic precision and treatment strategies for lung diseases, making it highly valuable for pulmonary healthcare, particularly in urgent scenarios such as pandemics.

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systems Analysis of Bias and Risk in AI-Enabled Medical Diagnosis

Systems Analysis of Bias and Risk in AI-Enabled Medical Diag...

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IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)

作者： Negin Moghadasi Misagh Piran Stephen Baek Rupa S. Valdez Michael D. Porter DeAndre Johnson James H. Lambert Dept. of Systems and Information Engineering University of Virginia Johnson & Johnson Medtech Dept. of Radiology Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Heart and Diabetes Center North-Rhine Westphalia Ruhr University of Bochum School of Data Science University of Virginia Dept. of Systems and Information Engineering School of Data Science University of Virginia Dept. of Systems and Information Engineering University of Virginia

AI technologies have made significant advancements across various sectors, especially healthcare. Although AI algorithms in healthcare showcase remarkable predictive capabilities, apprehensions have emerged owing to errors, biases, and a lack of transparency. These concerns have led to a decline in trust among clinicians and patients, while also posing the risk of further accentuating pre-existing biases against marginalized groups and exacerbating inequities. This paper presents a scenario-based preferences risk register 1 1 Denotes a methodically arranged document or database detailing potential risks linked to particular scenarios or situations. framework for identifying and accounting AI algorithm biases in diagnosing diseases. The framework is demonstrated with a realistic case study on cardiac sarcoidosis. The framework identifies success criteria, initiatives, emergent conditions and the most and least disruptive scenarios. The success criteria align with the National Institute of Standards and Technology AI Risk Management Framework (NIST AI RMF) trustworthy AI characteristics, and the scenarios are based on various statistical/computational bias that causes algorithmic bias. The framework provides valuable guidance for leveraging AI in healthcare, enhancing objective designs, and mitigating risks by adopting a figure of merit to score the initiatives and measuring the disruptive order. By prioritizing transparency, trustworthy AI, and identifying the most and least disruptive scenarios/biases, the framework promotes responsible and effective use of AI technologies in healthcare.

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Parallel Bounded Search for the Maximum Clique Problem

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2023年第5期38卷 1187-1202页

作者：江华白珂刘海姣李初民 Felip Manya 付樟华 Engineering Research Center of Cyberspace Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China School of Software Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Laboratory of Modeling Information and SystemsUniversity of Picardie Jules VerneAmiens 80039France Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Spanish National Research CouncilCatalonia 08193Spain Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen 518000China Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518000China

Given an undirected graph,the Maximum Clique Problem(MCP)is to find a largest complete subgraph of the *** is NP-hard and has found many practical *** this paper,we propose a parallel Branch-and-Bound(BnB)algorithm to tackle this NP-hard problem,which carries out multiple bounded searches in *** search has its upper bound and shares a lower bound with the rest of the *** potential benefit of the proposed approach is that an active search terminates as soon as the best lower bound found so far reaches or exceeds its upper *** describe the implementation of our highly scalable and efficient parallel MCP algorithm,called PBS,which is based on a state-of-the-art sequential MCP *** proposed algorithm PBS is evaluated on hard DIMACS and BHOSLIB *** results show that PBS achieves a near-linear speedup on most DIMACS instances and a superlinear speedup on most BHOSLIB ***,we give a detailed analysis that explains the good speedups achieved for the tested instances.

关键词： Branch-and-Bound(BnB) maximum clique problem(MCP) parallel search

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Field Effect Transistor Gas Sensors Based on Mechanically Exfoliated Van der Waals Materials

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ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 2023年第13期15卷 17335-17343页

作者： Zhao, Yue Wu, Gang Hung, Kuan-Ming Cho, Jiung Choi, Miri Ó Coileáin, Cormac Duesberg, Georg S. Ren, Xiang-Kui Chang, Ching-Ray Wu, Han-Chun School of Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Department of Electronics Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung807 Taiwan Western Seoul Center Korea Basic Science Institute Seoul03579 Korea Republic of Chuncheon Center Korea Basic Science Institute Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of and Center for Integrated Sensor Systems University of the Bundeswehr Munich Neubiberg85577 Germany School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Quantum Information Center Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan32023 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan

The high surface-to-volume ratio and flatness of mechanically exfoliated van der Waals (vdW) layered materials make them an ideal platform to investigate the Langmuir absorption model. In this work, we fabricated field effect transistor gas sensors, based on a variety of mechanically exfoliated vdW materials, and investigated their electrical field-dependent gas sensing properties. The good agreement between the experimentally extracted intrinsic parameters, such as equilibrium constant and adsorption energy, and theoretically predicted values suggests validity of the Langmuir absorption model for vdW materials. Moreover, we show that the device sensing behavior depends crucially on the availability of carriers, and giant sensitivities and strong selectivity can be achieved at the sensitivity singularity. Finally, we demonstrate that such features provide a fingerprint for different gases to quickly detect and differentiate between low concentrations of mixed hazardous gases using sensor arrays. © 2023 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Chemical sensors

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