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arXiv 2021年

作者： Ghourchian, Hamid Stavrou, Photios A. Oechtering, Tobias J. Skoglund, Mikael Department of Intelligent Systems Division of Information Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm10044 Sweden

We introduce fundamental bounds on achievable cumulative rate distribution functions (CRDF) to characterize a sequential encoding process that ensures lossless or lossy reconstruction subject to an average distortion criterion using a non-causal decoder. The CRDF describes the rate resources spent sequentially to compress the sequence. We also include a security constraint that affects the set of achievable CRDF. The information leakage is defined sequentially based on the mutual information between the source and its compressed representation, as it evolves. To characterize the security constraints, we introduce the concept of cumulative leakage distribution functions (CLF), which determines the allowed information leakage as distributed over encoded sub-blocks. Utilizing tools from majorization theory, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions on the achievable CRDF for a given independent and identically distributed (IID) source and CLF. One primary result of this paper is that the concave-hull of the CRDF characterizes the optimal achievable rate distribution. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Signal encoding

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Design and implementation of a novel approach for long-lived particle reconstruction in LHCb experiment at CERN

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Computer Physics Communications 2025年

作者： Piotr Kulczycki Grzegorz Gołaszewski Tomasz Szumlak Szymon Łukasik AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Division for Information Technology and Systems Research Polish Academy of Sciences Systems Research Institute Centre of Information Technology for Data Analysis Methods

The subject of this paper is the improvement of the procedure to reconstruct long-lived particles in the LHCb (Large Hadron Collider beauty) experiment, one of the main experiments conducted by the European Organization for Nuclear Research CERN in Geneva. The goal of this procedure is to detect or, in other words, reconstruct long-lived particle tracks, based on observations obtained from measurement modules placed far apart, with a primary focus of eliminating erroneously created tracks, the so-called ghost-tracks. The investigated method is carried out by pairing proper trajectories and two autonomous filtering algorithms that are based on the nonparametric estimation of a distribution density as well as an autoencoder, a neural network designated for unsupervised learning. The values obtained from these two algorithms founded on complementary methodologies, mathematical statistics and computational intelligence, are combined with the t-norm. As a result, the number of ghost-tracks is reduced threefold when compared with the method primarily used. To evaluate the results of the designed procedure, a measure of the reconstruction quality, without the information whether a given track is real or only a ghost, is additionally created and effectively applied. Illustrative interpretations make it easier to potentially employ the method elaborated here to research tasks of similar conditions.

关键词： data analysis LHCb experiment long-lived particle ghost-track elimination computational intelligence numerical algorithm

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Sanhan Huashi Formula and Its Bioactive Compounds Exert Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Effects on COVID-19

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Engineering 2024年第12期43卷 159-172页

作者： Chuanxi Tian Hang Liu Qian Wang Jinyue Zhao Chensi Yao Yanfeng Yao Xu Zhang Qinhai Ma Weihao Wang Yanyan Zhou Mengxiao Wang Xiaomeng Shi Xiangyan Li Shan Wang Yingying Yang Xiaowen Gou Lijuan Zhou Jingyi Zhao Li Wan Jiarui Li Stefanie Tiefenbacher Juntao Gao Rudolf Bauer Min Li Xiaolin Tong Institute of Metabolic Diseases Guang’anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100053China Graduate School Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Center for Biosafety Mega-Science Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Graduate School Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun 130117China Department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine UniversityHangzhou 310006China Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China College of Pharmacy Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease&National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease&Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510120China National Center for Integrative Medicine China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of GrazGraz 8010Austria Institute for TCM-X MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics/Bioinformatics DivisionBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyCenter for Synthetic&Systems BiologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Molecular Biology Laboratory Guang’anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100053China

Sanhan Huashi formula(SHHS),a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),has shown significant therapeutic effects on coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in clinical ***,its specific mechanism and components still require further *** vitro experiments with Vero-E6 cells infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)demonstrated that SHHS effectively inhibited viral invasion and *** in vivo experiments using K18-human angiotensin converting enzyme 2(hACE2)mice exposed to virus-like particles(VLPs)further confirmed that SHHS impeded SARS-CoV-2 *** SHHS did not demonstrate direct antiviral effects in K18-hACE2 mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2,it significantly alleviated pathological damage and decreased the expression of chemokines such as C–C motif ligand(CCL)-2,CCL-3,C–X–C motif ligand(CXCL)-1,CXCL-6,CXCL-9,CXCL-10,and CXCL-11 in the lungs,suggesting that SHHS exerts immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects via the CCL-2–CXCL *** research using a lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced acute lung injury(ALI)and RAW264.7 cell model validated the ability of SHHS to reduce the levels of inflammatory biomarkers,including interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α).Using advanced analytical techniques such as ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear trap quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS)and surface plasmon resonance(SPR),nodakenin was identified as a potent antiviral component of SHHS that targets the 3C-like protease(3CL^(pro)),a finding supported by the hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry(HDX-MS)and molecular docking ***,nodakenin demonstrated a significant antiviral effect,reducing the viral load by more than 66%.This investigation reveals that SHHS can combat COVID-19 by inhibiting viral invasion and promoting anti-inflammatory effects.

关键词： Sanhan Huashi formula Coronavirus disease 2019 Anti-inflammatory properties Nodakenin 3C-like protease

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Possibilities and limits of diagnostic methods for power transformers in service

Possibilities and limits of diagnostic methods for power tra...

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23rd International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering (ISH 2023)

作者： Sebastian Schreiter Holger Lohmeyer Peter Werle HTWK Leipzig Leipzig University of Applied Science Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Department of Electric Power Systems Germany Hitachi Energy Transformer Service Centre Halle Oil Lab Halle Germany Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Electric Power Systems Division of High Voltage Engineering and Asset Management Schering-Institute Hannover Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781839539923

The detection of possible faults in an early state is of elementary interest to operators of transformers in order to avoid unplanned outages. Such unplanned failures lead to the interruption of energy supply or even loss of production. Therefore, a large number of diagnostic methods are available such as oil analysis and electrical measurements up to high-voltage tests on site. For this reason, it is necessary for operators to select the meaningful diagnostic procedures in each case. In this contribution investigation are discussed concerning the question which diagnostic procedures or which combination of procedures can be used to detect faults reliable. This was done based on a large population of transformers in service.

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Superconducting neutron transmission imaging for investigating a sequential change in phase separations of low-melting Wood's metal 35

Superconducting neutron transmission imaging for investigati...

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35th International Symposium on Superconductivity, ISS 2022

作者： Dang Vu, The Shishido, Hiroaki Aizawa, Kazuya Oku, Takayuki Oikawa, Kenichi Harada, Masahide Kojima, Kenji M. Miyajima, Shigeyuki Soyama, Kazuhiko Koyama, Tomio Hidaka, Mutsuo Suzuki, Soh Y. Tanaka, Manobu M. Machida, Masahiko Kawamata, Shuichi Ishida, Takekazu Division of Quantum and Radiation Engineering Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Osaka599-8570 Japan Materials and Life Science Division J-PARC Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Tokai Ibaraki319-1195 Japan Department of Physics and Electronics Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Osaka599-8531 Japan Centre for Molecular and Materials Science TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall VancouverBCV6T 2A3 Canada Advanced ICT Research Institute National Institute of Information and Communications Technology 588-2 Iwaoka Nishi-ku Hyogo Kobe651-2492 Japan Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8568 Japan Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Center for Computational Science & E-Systems Japan Atomic Energy Agency 178-4-4 Wakashiba Chiba Kashiwa277-0871 Japan

We built a new cryostat system for a current-biased kinetic inductance detector (CB-KID) to be able to place a sample at room temperature for conducting the neutron transmission imaging experiments with pulsed neutrons. A Wood's metal alloy sample (Bi 50wt.%, Pb 25wt.%, Sn 12.5wt.%, Cd 12.5wt.%) of melting temperature 75.2°C was used to check a practical test by observing fine microstructures under beam power of 812 kW at beamline BL10 of J-PARC (MLF). The Wood's metal is composed of four phases, of which one is a Cd-rich needle-like phase of an average width of 25 μm and length of 5 mm. Since Cd is a strong neutron absorber, it is suitable for observing the fine mosaic structure contrastingly in neutron transmission imaging. After neutron-transmission imaging with the Wood's metal in the initial state, we subsequently melted the Wood's metal sample and solidified it again by slow cooling during the same beam time. We were successful in observing an impressive change in morphology of the phases by neutron-transmission imaging. Room-temperature sample imaging is very convenient for possible users, and is expected to be very useful for applying our CB-KID system to versatile different materials of interests. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Wood

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On Approximate Opacity of Stochastic Control systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Siyuan Yin, Xiang Dimarogonas, Dimos V. Zamani, Majid Division of Decision and Control Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Lab of System Control & Information Processing Ministry of Education Shanghai China Computer Science Department University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Computer Science Department Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Germany

This paper investigates an important class of information-flow security property called opacity for stochastic control systems. Opacity captures whether a system’s secret behavior (a subset of the system’s behavior that is considered to be critical) can be kept from outside observers. Existing works on opacity for control systems only provide a binary characterization of the system’s security level by determining whether the system is opaque or not. In this work, we introduce a quantifiable measure of opacity that considers the likelihood of satisfying opacity for stochastic control systems modeled as general Markov decision processes (gMDPs). We also propose verification methods tailored to the new notions of opacity for finite gMDPs by using value iteration techniques. Then, a new notion called approximate opacity-preserving stochastic simulation relation is proposed, which captures the distance between two systems’ behaviors in terms of preserving opacity. Based on this new system relation, we show that one can verify opacity for stochastic control systems using their abstractions (modeled as finite gMDPs). We also discuss how to construct such abstractions for a class of gMDPs under certain stability conditions. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic control systems

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Single-shot blind deconvolution with coded aperture

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Muneta, Hideyuki Horisaki, Ryoichi Nishizaki, Yohei Naruse, Makoto Tanida, Jun Department of Information and Physical Sciences Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Osaka University 1-5 Yamadaoka Osaka Suita565-0871 Japan Department of Information Physics and Computing Graduate School of Information Science and Technology The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Systems and Control Laboratory Environmental Technology Research Division Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology 1-6-50 Morinomiya Joto-ku Osaka536-8553 Japan

In this paper, we present a method for single-shot blind deconvolution incorporating a coded aperture (CA). In this method, we utilize the CA, inserted on the pupil plane, as support constraints in blind deconvolution. Not only an object but also a point spread function of turbulence are estimated from a single captured image by a reconstruction algorithm with the CA support. The proposed method is demonstrated by a simulation and an experiment in which point sources are recovered under severe turbulence. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Convolution

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technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

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ACS NANO 2023年第6期17卷 5211-5295页

作者： Luo, Yifei Abidian, Mohammad Reza Ahn, Jong-Hyun Akinwande, Deji Andrews, Anne M. Antonietti, Markus Bao, Zhenan Berggren, Magnus Berkey, Christopher A. Bettinger, Christopher John Chen, Jun Chen, Peng Cheng, Wenlong Cheng, Xu Choi, Seon-Jin Chortos, Alex Dagdeviren, Canan Dauskardt, Reinhold H. Di, Chong-an Dickey, Michael D. Duan, Xiangfeng Facchetti, Antonio Fan, Zhiyong Fang, Yin Feng, Jianyou Feng, Xue Gao, Huajian Gao, Wei Gong, Xiwen Guo, Chuan Fei Guo, Xiaojun Hartel, Martin C. He, Zihan Ho, John S. Hu, Youfan Huang, Qiyao Huang, Yu Huo, Fengwei Hussain, Muhammad M. Javey, Ali Jeong, Unyong Jiang, Chen Jiang, Xingyu Kang, Jiheong Karnaushenko, Daniil Khademhosseini, Ali Kim, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Il-Doo Kireev, Dmitry Kong, Lingxuan Lee, Chengkuo Lee, Nae-Eung Lee, Pooi See Lee, Tae-Woo Li, Fengyu Li, Jinxing Liang, Cuiyuan Lim, Chwee Teck Lin, Yuanjing Lipomi, Darren J. Liu, Jia Liu, Kai Liu, Nan Liu, Ren Liu, Yuxin Liu, Yuxuan Liu, Zhiyuan Liu, Zhuangjian Loh, Xian Jun Lu, Nanshu Lv, Zhisheng Magdassi, Shlomo Malliaras, George G. Matsuhisa, Naoji Nathan, Arokia Niu, Simiao Pan, Jieming Pang, Changhyun Pei, Qibing Peng, Huisheng Qi, Dianpeng Ren, Huaying Rogers, John A. Rowe, Aaron Schmidt, Oliver G. Sekitani, Tsuyoshi Seo, Dae-Gyo Shen, Guozhen Sheng, Xing Shi, Qiongfeng Someya, Takao Song, Yanlin Stavrinidou, Eleni Su, Meng Sun, Xuemei Takei, Kuniharu Tao, Xiao-Ming Tee, Benjamin C. K. Thean, Aaron Voon-Yew Trung, Tran Quang Wan, Changjin Wang, Huiliang Wang, Joseph Wang, Ming Wang, Sihong Wang, Ting Wang, Zhong Lin Weiss, Paul S. Wen, Hanqi Xu, Sheng Xu, Tailin Yan, Hongping Yan, Xuzhou Yang, Hui Yang, Le Yang, Shuaijian Yin, Lan Yu, Cunjiang Yu, Guihua Yu, Jing Yu, Shu-Hong Yu, Xinge Zamburg, Evgeny Zhang, Haixia Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Xiaosheng Zhang, Xueji Zhang, Yihui Zhang, Yu Zhao, Siyuan Zhao, Xuanhe Zheng, Yuanjin Zheng, Yu-Qing Zheng, Zijian Zhou, Tao Zhu, Bowen Zhu, Ming Zhu, Rong Zhu, Yangzhi Zhu, Yong Zou, Guijin Chen, Xiaodong 08-03 Innovis Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX) School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston Houston Texas 77024 United States School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 United States Microelectronics Research Center The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78758 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States Colloid Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces 14476 Potsdam Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94305 United States Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Campus Norrköping Linköping University 83 Linköping Sweden Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability (WISE) and Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC) SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94301 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 United States Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637457 Singapore Nanobionics Group Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton Australia 3800 Monash

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze continued...challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative

关键词： soft materials mechanics engineering flexible electronics conformable sensors bioelectronics human-machine interfaces body area sensor networks technology translation sustainable electronics

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Compressed Gradient Tracking Algorithms for Distributed Nonconvex Optimization

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Xu, Lei Yi, Xinlei Wen, Guanghui Shi, Yang Johansson, Karl H. Yang, Tao The State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China The Lab for Information & Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States The Department of Systems Science School of Mathematics Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Victoria VictoriaBCV8W 2Y2 Canada The Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm100 44 Sweden

In this paper, we study the distributed nonconvex optimization problem, aiming to minimize the average value of the local nonconvex cost functions using local information exchange. To reduce the communication overhead, we introduce three general classes of compressors, i.e., compressors with bounded relative compression error, compressors with globally bounded absolute compression error, and compressors with locally bounded absolute compression error. By integrating them, respectively, with the distributed gradient tracking algorithm, we then propose three corresponding compressed distributed nonconvex optimization algorithms. Motivated by the state-of-the-art BEER algorithm proposed in [1], which is an efficient compressed algorithm integrating gradient tracking with biased and contractive compressors, our first proposed algorithm extends this algorithm to accommodate both biased and non-contractive compressors. For each algorithm, we design a novel Lyapunov function to demonstrate its sublinear convergence to a stationary point if the local cost functions are smooth. Furthermore, when the global cost function satisfies the Polyak–Lojasiewicz (P–L) condition, we show that our proposed algorithms linearly converge to a global optimal point. It is worth noting that, for compressors with bounded relative compression error and globally bounded absolute compression error, our proposed algorithms’ parameters do not require prior knowledge of the P–L constant. The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical examples, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms in significantly reducing the communication burden while maintaining the convergence performance. Moreover, simulation results show that the proposed algorithms outperform the state-of-the-art compressed distributed nonconvex optimization algorithms. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost functions

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Exploration and Exploitation in Federated Learning to Exclude Clients with Poisoned Data

Exploration and Exploitation in Federated Learning to Exclud...

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International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC

作者： Shadha Tabatabai Ihab Mohammed Basheer Qolomany Abdullatif Albaseer Kashif Ahmad Mohamed Abdallah Ala Al-Fuqaha School of Computer Sciences Indiana Institute of Technology USA Department of Computer Science Western Michigan University USA Department of Cyber Systems College of Business &#x0026 Technology University of Nebraska at Kearney Kearney NE Information and Computing Technology (ICT) Division College of Science and Engineering (CSE) Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha Qatar

Federated Learning (FL) is one of the hot research topics, and it utilizes Machine Learning (ML) in a distributed manner without directly accessing private data on clients. How-ever, FL faces many challenges, including the difficulty to obtain high accuracy, high communication cost between clients and the server, and security attacks related to adversarial ML. To tackle these three challenges, we propose an FL algorithm inspired by evolutionary techniques. The proposed algorithm groups clients randomly in many clusters, each with a model selected randomly to explore the performance of different models. The clusters are then trained in a repetitive process where the worst performing cluster is removed in each iteration until one cluster remains. In each iteration, some clients are expelled from clusters either due to using poisoned data or low performance. The surviving clients are exploited in the next iteration. The remaining cluster with surviving clients is then used for training the best FL model (i.e., remaining FL model). Communication cost is reduced since fewer clients are used in the final training of the FL model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we conduct a number of experiments using FEMNIST dataset and compare the result against the random FL algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the baseline algorithm in terms of accuracy, communication cost, and security.

关键词： Training Wireless communication Costs Machine learning algorithms Clustering algorithms Machine learning Collaborative work

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