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Observation of Dirac Hierarchy in Three-Dimensional Acoustic Topological Insulators

Physical Review Letters 2022年第12期129卷 125502-125502页

作者： Linyun Yang Yin Wang Yan Meng Zhenxiao Zhu Xiang Xi Bei Yan Shuxin Lin Jingming Chen Bin-jie Shi Yong Ge Shou-qi Yuan Hongsheng Chen Hong-xiang Sun Gui-Geng Liu Yihao Yang Zhen Gao Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology School of Physics and Electronics Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices and Smart Systems of Zhejiang ZJU-UIUC Institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China State Key Laboratory of Acoustics Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore

Dirac cones (DCs) play a pivotal role in various unique phenomena ranging from massless electrons in graphene to robust surface states in topological insulators (TIs). Recent studies have theoretically revealed a full Dirac hierarchy comprising an eightfold bulk DC, a fourfold surface DC, and a twofold hinge DC, associated with a hierarchy of topological phases including first-order to third-order three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators, using the same 3D base lattice. Here, we report the first experimental observation of the Dirac hierarchy in 3D acoustic TIs. Using acoustic measurements, we unambiguously reveal that lifting of multifold DCs in each hierarchy can induce two-dimensional topological surface states with a fourfold DC in a first-order 3D TI, one-dimensional topological hinge states with a twofold DC in a second-order 3D TI, and zero-dimensional topological corner states in a third-order 3D TI. Our Letter not only expands the fundamental research scope of Dirac physics, but also opens up a new route for multidimensional robust wave manipulation.

关键词： Topological insulators Acoustic metamaterials

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Survival benefit of a third dose of the COVID-19 vaccine among hemodialysis patients: A prospective cohort study

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Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 2023年第6期56卷 1198-1206页

作者： Chen, Tz-Heng Ho, Yang Tai, Hsin-Ling Chu, Yuan-Chia Lin, Yao-Ping Yang, Chih-Yu Tseng, Wei-Cheng Ou, Shuo-Ming Tsai, Ming-Tsun Chen, Jinn-Yang Wu, Tsai-Hung Lee, Kuo-Hua Chen, Fan-Yu Li, Szu-Yuan Lin, Chih-Ching Tarng, Der-Cherng Division of General Medicine Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Department of Clinical Toxicology and Occupational Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Business Administration National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taiwan Department of Nursing Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taiwan Information Management Office Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan Big Data Center Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Information Management National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences Taipei Taiwan Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B) National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department and Institute of Physiology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan

Background: Hemodialysis (HD) patients are particularly vulnerable to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to their immunocompromised state and comorbid conditions. Timely vaccination could be the most effective strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality. However, data on the survival benefit of the COVID-19 vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and death among HD patients are limited, especially during the Omicron-dominant period. Methods: In this prospective hospital-based cohort study, we identified HD patients from July 1, 2021, to April 29, 2022. The patients were divided into fully vaccinated and partially vaccinated groups. We compared the humoral response, risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 infection, and all-cause mortality between the two groups. Results: Among the 440 HD patients included, 152 patients were fully vaccinated, and 288 patients were partially vaccinated. Patients in the fully vaccinated group exhibited higher anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain (S protein RBD) antibody levels and lower risks of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.35;95% confidence interval, 0.17–0.73;p = 0.005) than the partially vaccinated group. However, the risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection did not significantly differ between the two groups. Irrespective of the number of vaccinations, the risk of all-cause mortality was lower in patients with anti-S protein RBD antibody levels in the higher tertile. Conclusion: A third dose of the COVID-19 vaccine was associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality among HD patients during the Omicron-dominant period. A higher post-vaccination anti-S protein RBD antibody level was also associated with a lower risk of mortality. © 2023

关键词： Anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain antibody Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) COVID-19 vaccine Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

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Ring Artifacts Elimination Method in Computed Tomography using Sparsity-Induced Norms

Ring Artifacts Elimination Method in Computed Tomography usi...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Mona Selim Essam A. Rashed Mohammed A. Atiea Hiroyuki Kudo Division of Information Engineering Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Suez University Suez Egypt Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781665421133

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421140

Ring artifacts degrade the visibility of computed tomography images, where they appear as concentric circles in the reconstructed image. They are usually generated due to some limitations/failure associated with imaging hardware. Ring artifacts may destruct effective information in the image, and hence they should be carefully identified and eliminated without damaging other image structures. In this paper, we propose a ring artifacts elimination method that works within the image reconstruction process. With the existence of ring artifacts, the projection data can be represented as a sum of two components. The first contains perfect ideal projection data and the second contains imperfect elements causing the ring artifacts. We propose to minimize sparsity-induced norms such as a combination of ℓ 0 and ℓ 1 -norms of the imperfect elements to remove the ring artifacts efficiently. The proposed algorithm is generated through optimizing the cost function with the alternative direction method of multipliers. The efficiency of the proposed method is tested qualitatively and quantitatively using simulation studies. Results of the reconstructed images show significant elimination of the artifacts.

关键词： Structural rings Performance evaluation Computed tomography Computational modeling Cost function Hardware Data models

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Spatio-temporal dynamics of malaria in Rwanda between 2012 and 2022: a demography-specific analysis

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第5期13卷 100-100页

作者： Felix K.Rubuga Paula Moraga Ayman Ahmed Emmanuel Siddig Eric Remera Giovenale Moirano Guéladio Cissé Jürg Utzinger Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Allschwil Switzerland University of Basel Basel Switzerland College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Rwanda Kigali Rwanda Center for Impact Innovation and Capacity building for Health Information systems and Nutrition (CIIC-HIN) Kigali Rwanda Institute of Endemic Diseases University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Erasmus Medical Center University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Rwanda Biomedical Center Kigali Rwanda Department of Medical Science University of Turin Torino Italy Barcelona Supercomputing Center Barcelona Spain

Background Despite global efforts to reduce and eventually interrupt malaria transmission,the disease remains a pressing public health problem,especially in sub-Saharan *** study presents a detailed spatio-temporal analysis of malaria transmission in Rwanda from 2012 to *** main objective was to gain insights into the evolving patterns of malaria and to inform and tailor effective public health *** The study used yearly aggregated data of malaria cases from the Rwanda health management information *** employed a multifaceted analytical approach,including descriptive statistics and spatio-temporal analysis across three demographic groups:children under the age of 5 years,and males and females above 5 *** spatially explicit models and spatio scan statistics were utilised to examine geographic and temporal patterns of relative risks and to identify clusters of malaria *** We observed a significant increase in malaria cases from 2014 to 2018,peaking in 2016 for males and females aged above 5 years with counts of 98,645 and 116,627,respectively and in 2018 for under 5-year-old children with 84,440 cases with notable geographic *** like Kamonyi(Southern Province),Ngoma,Kayonza and Bugesera(Eastern Province)exhibited high burdens,possibly influenced by factors such as climate,vector control practices,and cross-border *** spatially explicit modeling revealed elevated relative risks in numerous districts,underscoring the heterogeneity of malaria transmission in these districts,and thus contributing to an overall rising trend in malaria cases until 2018,followed by a subsequent *** findings emphasize that the heterogeneity of malaria transmission is potentially driven by ecologic,socioeconomic,and behavioural *** The study underscores the complexity of malaria transmission in Rwanda and calls for climate adaptive,gender-,age-and district-specific strategies in

关键词： Malaria transmission Epidemiology Public health Rwanda Spatio-temporal analysis Rwanda

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ART: Artifact Removal Transformer for Reconstructing Noise-Free Multichannel Electroencephalographic Signals

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chuang, Chun-Hsiang Chang, Kong-Yi Huang, Chih-Sheng Bessas, Anne-Mei The Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences The Institute of Information Systems and Applications National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan The Product Development Division ELAN Microelectronics Corporation Hsinchu Taiwan The College of Artificial Intelligence National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan The College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan The Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan

Artifact removal in electroencephalography (EEG) is a longstanding challenge that significantly impacts neuroscientific analysis and brain-computer interface (BCI) performance. Tackling this problem demands advanced algorithms, extensive noisy-clean training data, and thorough evaluation strategies. This study presents the Artifact Removal Transformer (ART), an innovative EEG denoising model employing transformer architecture to adeptly capture the transient millisecond-scale dynamics characteristic of EEG signals. Our approach offers a holistic, end-to-end denoising solution for diverse artifact types in multichannel EEG data. We enhanced the generation of noisy-clean EEG data pairs using an independent component analysis, thus fortifying the training scenarios critical for effective supervised learning. We performed comprehensive validations using a wide range of open datasets from various BCI applications, employing metrics like mean squared error and signal-to-noise ratio, as well as sophisticated techniques such as source localization and EEG component classification. Our evaluations confirm that ART surpasses other deep-learning-based artifact removal methods, setting a new benchmark in EEG signal processing. This advancement not only boosts the accuracy and reliability of artifact removal but also promises to catalyze further innovations in the field, facilitating the study of brain dynamics in naturalistic environments. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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A Communication-Efficient Decentralized Newton's Method with Provably Faster Convergence

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Liu, Huikang Zhang, Jiaojiao So, Anthony Man-Cho Ling, Qing The Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences School of Information Management and Engineering Shanghai University of Finance and Economics China The Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kth Royal Institute of Technology Sweden The Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Computational Science Sun Yat-Sen University China The Pazhou Lab China

In this paper, we consider a strongly convex finite-sum minimization problem over a decentralized network and propose a communication-efficient decentralized Newton's method for solving it. The main challenges in designing such an algorithm come from three aspects: (i) mismatch between local gradients/ Hessians and the global ones;(ii) cost of sharing second-order information;(iii) tradeoff among computation and communication. To handle these challenges, we first apply dynamic average consensus (DAC) so that each node is able to use a local gradient approximation and a local Hessian approximation to track the global gradient and Hessian, respectively. Second, since exchanging Hessian approximations is far from communication-efficient, we require the nodes to exchange the compressed ones instead and then apply an error compensation mechanism to correct for the compression noise. Third, we introduce multistep consensus for exchanging local variables and local gradient approximations to balance between computation and communication. With novel analysis, we establish the globally linear (resp., asymptotically super-linear) convergence rate of the proposed method when m is constant (resp., tends to infinity), where m ≥ 1 is the number of consensus inner steps. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first super-linear convergence result for a communication-efficient decentralized Newton's method. Moreover, the rate we establish is provably faster than those of first-order methods. Our numerical results on various applications corroborate the theoretical findings. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Newton-Raphson method

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A Pricing Rule for Third-Party Platoon Coordination Service Provider

A Pricing Rule for Third-Party Platoon Coordination Service ...

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Asian Control Conference

作者： Ting Bai Alexander Johansson Shaoyuan Li Karl Henrik Johansson Jonas Må rtensson Integrated Transport Research Lab Digital Futures and Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

We model a platooning system including trucks and a third-party service provider that performs platoon coordination, distributes the platooning profit within platoons, and charges the trucks in exchange for its services. This paper studies one class of pricing rules, where the third-party service provider keeps part of the platooning profit each time a platoon is formed. Furthermore, we propose a platoon coordination solution based on distributed model predictive control in which the pricing rule is integrated. To evaluate the effect of the pricing on the platooning system, we perform a simulation over the Swedish road network. The simulation shows that the platooning rate and profit highly depend on the pricing. This suggests that pricing needs to be set carefully to obtain a satisfactory platooning system in the future.

关键词： Roads Pricing Predictive control

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Resilient Quantized Control under Denial-of-Service with the Application of Variable Bit Rate Quantization

Resilient Quantized Control under Denial-of-Service with the...

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European Control Conference (ECC)

作者： Shuai Feng Ahmet Cetinkaya Hideaki Ishii Pietro Tesi Claudio De Persis ENTEG Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands Information Systems Architecture Science Research Division National Institute of Informatics Tokyo Japan Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan DINFO Universitá di Firenze Firenze Italy

In this paper, we investigate a networked control problem in the presence of Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks, which prevent transmissions over the communication network. The communication between the process and controller is also subject to bit rate constraints. For mitigating the influences of DoS attacks and bit rate constraints, we develop a variable bit rate (VBR) encoding-decoding protocol and quantized controller to stabilize the control system. We show that the system’s resilience against DoS under VBR is preserved comparing with those under constant bit rate (CBR) quantized control, with fewer bits transmitted especially when the attack levels are low. The proposed VBR quantized control framework in this paper is general enough such that the results of CBR quantized control under DoS and moreover the results of minimum bit rate in the absence of DoS can be recovered.

关键词： Protocols Quantization (signal) Networked control systems Bit rate Process control Europe Denial-of-service attack

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A Nash equilibrium-based moving target defense against stealthy sensor attacks

A Nash equilibrium-based moving target defense against steal...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： David Umsonst Serkan Saritaş Henrik Sandberg Division of Decision and Control Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Division of Division of Information Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9781728174471

ISBN: (纸本)9781728174488

This paper investigates a moving target defense strategy based on detector threshold switching against stealthy sensor attacks. We model the interactions between the attacker and the defender as a game. While the attacker wants to remain stealthy and maximize its impact, the defender wants to minimize both the cost for investigating false alarms and the attack impact. We define the moving target defense as a mixed strategy Nash equilibrium and are able to formulate an equivalent finite matrix game of the original game. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a moving target defense strategy. A globally optimal moving target defense strategy is obtained via a linear optimization problem by exploiting the structure of the matrix game. Simulations with a four tank system verify that by applying an optimal moving target defense strategy, the defender reduces its cost compared to the optimally chosen fixed detector threshold.

关键词： Detectors Games Switches Steady-state Predictive models Optimization Covariance matrices

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HCILab at Memotion 2.0 2022: Analysis of Sentiment, Emotion and Intensity of Emotion Classes from Meme Images using Single and Multi Modalities 1

HCILab at Memotion 2.0 2022: Analysis of Sentiment, Emotion ...

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1st Workshop on Multimodal Fact-Checking and Hate Speech Detection, DE-FACTIFY 2022

作者： Nguyen, Thanh Tin Pham, Nhat Truong Nguyen, Ngoc Duy Nguyen, Hai Nguyen, Long H. Kim, Yong-Guk Human Computer Interaction Lab Department of Computer Engineering Sejong University Seoul Korea Republic of Division of Computational Mechatronics Institute for Computational Science Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation Deakin University Victoria Australia Khoury College of Computer Sciences Northeastern University Boston United States Faculty of Information Technology Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

Nowadays, memes found on internet are overwhelming. Although they are innocuous and sometimes entertaining, there exist memes that contain sarcasm, offensive, or motivational feelings. In this study, several approaches are proposed to solve the multiple modality problem in analysing the given meme dataset. The imbalance issue has been addressed by using a new Auto Augmentation method and the uncorrelation issue has been mitigated by adopting deep Canonical Correlation Analysis to find the most correlated projections of visual and textual feature embedding. In addition, both stacked attention and multi-hop attention network are employed to efficiently generate aggregated features. As a result, our team, i.e. HCILab, achieved a weighted F1 score of 0.4995 for sentiment analysis, 0.7414 for emotion classification, and 0.5301 for scale/intensity of emotion classes on the leaderboard. This results are obtained by using concatenation between image and text model and our code can be found at https://***/JMRa8. © 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). CEUR Workshop Proceedings (***)

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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