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arXiv 2021年

作者： Bamba, Kazuharu Odintsov, Sergei D. Paul, Tanmoy Maity, Debaprasad Division of Human Support System Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science Fukushima University Fukushima960-1296 Japan C. Can Magrans s/n Barcelona Bellaterra08193 Spain Icrea Passeig Luis Companys 23 Barcelona08010 Spain Department of Physics Chandernagore College Hooghly712 136 India International Laboratory for Theoretical Cosmology Tusur Tomsk634050 Russia Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Assam 781039 India

We investigate the generation of helical magnetic fields and address the baryon asymmetry of the universe from an inflationary magnetogenesis scenario, in which the conformal and parity symmetries of the electromagnetic field are broken through its coupling to the Ricci scalar and to the Gauss-Bonnet invariant via the dual field tensor, so that the generated magnetic field can have a helical nature. Depending on the reheating mechanism, we consider two different cases - (1) instantaneous reheating scenario, in which case the reheating e-fold number is zero, and (2) Kamionkowski reheating scenario which is parametrized by a non-zero e-fold number, a reheating equation of state parameter and a given reheating temperature. It is demonstrated that for both the reheating mechanisms, the generated magnetic fields can be compatible with the observations for suitable range of the model parameter present in the non-minimal coupling of the electromagnetic field. Actually the present magnetogenesis model does not produce sufficient hierarchy between the electric and magnetic fields at the end of inflation, and thus the electric field is not able to sufficiently induce (or enhance) the magnetic field during the Kamionkowski reheating stage. This in turn makes both the reheating cases almost similar from the perspective of magnetic field's evolution. Furthermore we find that the magnetic fields at the galactic scale with strength ∼ 10-13G can lead to the resultant value of the ratio of the baryonic number density to the entropy density as large as ∼ 10-10, which is consistent with the observational data. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Industrial heating

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CyberSentry: Enhancing SCADA Security through Advanced Deep Learning and Optimization Strategies

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International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection 2025年

作者： Alaa O. Khadidos Adil O. Khadidos Shitharth Selvarajan Taher Al-Shehari Nasser A Alsadhan Subhav Singh Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Center of Research Excellence in Artificial Intelligence and Data Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia School of Built Environment Engineering and Computing Leeds Beckett University LS1 3HE Leeds U.K Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai Institute of Technology Chennai India Centre for Research Impact & Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura 140401 India Computer Skills Department of Self-Development Skill Common First Year Deanship King Saud University 11362 Riyadh Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh 12372 Saudi Arabia Chitkara Centre for Research and Development Chitkara University Himachal Pradesh-174103 India Division of research and development Lovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab India

SCADA systems form the core of infrastructural facilities, including power grids, water treatment facilities, and industrial processes. Changing cyber threats present increasingly sophisticated attacks against which traditional security models inadequately protect SCADA systems. These traditional models usually have drawbacks in the way of inadequate feature selection, inefficiency in detecting most attacks, and suboptimal parameter tuning, which cause vulnerabilities and reduce resilience in systems. This paper presents CyberSentry, a new security framework designed to overcome limitations so as to provide robust protection for SCADA systems. These three modules makeup CyberSentry: the RMIG feature selection model, tri-fusion net for attack detection, and Parrot-Levy Blend Optimization (PLBO) for parameter tuning. The Recursive Multi-Correlation-based information Gain (RMIG) feature selection model enhances accuracy in detection by optimizing the set of fatal features through recursive multi-correlation analysis by information Gain prioritization. The Tri-Fusion Net combines anomaly detection, signature-based detection, and machine learning classifiers to enhance the detection versatility and robustness. The PLBO module ensures efficient and dynamic tuning for the parameters through undocumented Parrot and Levy optimization techniques. The proposed CyberSentry framework integrates, within a unified architecture, anomaly detection, signature-based detection, and machine learning classifiers to enhance the security of SCADA systems against diverse cyber threats. Features extracted in this manner are analyzed using machine learning classifiers that exploit their predictive capabilities for robust threat classification. The proposed approaches are fused within the Tri-Fusion Net to complement each other in areas where the separate methods lack certain strengths. This, therefore, ensures broad threat detection, as is validated by extensive testing with various datasets

关键词： SCADA systems Security Cyber-Attack Intrusion Detection Deep Learning Feature Selection and Optimization

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Unconventional Hysteretic Transition in a Charge Density Wave

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Physical Review Letters 2022年第3期128卷 036401-036401页

作者： B. Q. Lv Alfred Zong D. Wu A. V. Rozhkov Boris V. Fine Su-Di Chen Makoto Hashimoto Dong-Hui Lu M. Li Y.-B. Huang Jacob P. C. Ruff Donald A. Walko Z. H. Chen Inhui Hwang Yifan Su Xiaozhe Shen Xirui Wang Fei Han Hoi Chun Po Yao Wang Pablo Jarillo-Herrero Xijie Wang Hua Zhou Cheng-Jun Sun Haidan Wen Zhi-Xun Shen N. L. Wang Nuh Gedik Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Physics Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA University of California at Berkeley Department of Chemistry Berkeley California 94720 USA International Center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan Guangdong 523808 China Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 125412 Russia Laboratory for the Physics of Complex Quantum Systems Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutsky pereulok 9 Dolgoprudny 141701 Russia Institute for Theoretical Physics University of Leipzig Brüderstrasse 16 04103 Leipzig Germany Department of Applied Physics Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University Menlo Park California 94025 USA Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201204 China CHESS Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory Lemont Illinois 60439 USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Physics Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China Department of Physics and Astronomy Clemson University Clemson South Carolina 29631 USA Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont Illinois 60439 USA Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100913 China

Hysteresis underlies a large number of phase transitions in solids, giving rise to exotic metastable states that are otherwise inaccessible. Here, we report an unconventional hysteretic transition in a quasi-2D material, EuTe4. By combining transport, photoemission, diffraction, and x-ray absorption measurements, we observe that the hysteresis loop has a temperature width of more than 400 K, setting a record among crystalline solids. The transition has an origin distinct from known mechanisms, lying entirely within the incommensurate charge density wave (CDW) phase of EuTe4 with no change in the CDW modulation periodicity. We interpret the hysteresis as an unusual switching of the relative CDW phases in different layers, a phenomenon unique to quasi-2D compounds that is not present in either purely 2D or strongly coupled 3D systems. Our findings challenge the established theories on metastable states in density wave systems, pushing the boundary of understanding hysteretic transitions in a broken-symmetry state.

关键词： Charge density waves Electronic structure Phase transitions Transport phenomena Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy Electron diffraction Resistivity measurements X-ray absorption spectroscopy X-ray diffraction

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Low-Velocity-Favored Transition Radiation

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第11期131卷 113002-113002页

作者： Jialin Chen Ruoxi Chen Fuyang Tay Zheng Gong Hao Hu Yi Yang Xinyan Zhang Chan Wang Ido Kaminer Hongsheng Chen Baile Zhang Xiao Lin Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center College of Information Science & Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China International Joint Innovation Center the Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Haining 314400 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China Key Lab of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Jinhua 321099 China Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Shaoxing 312000 China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore

When a charged particle penetrates through an optical interface, photon emissions emerge—a phenomenon known as transition radiation. Being paramount to fundamental physics, transition radiation has enabled many applications from high-energy particle identification to novel light sources. A rule of thumb in transition radiation is that the radiation intensity generally decreases with the decrease of particle velocity v; as a result, low-energy particles are not favored in practice. Here, we find that there exist situations where transition radiation from particles with extremely low velocities (e.g., v/c<10−3) exhibits comparable intensity as that from high-energy particles (e.g., v/c=0.999), where c is the light speed in free space. The comparable radiation intensity implies an extremely high photon extraction efficiency from low-energy particles, up to 8 orders of magnitude larger than that from high-energy particles. This exotic phenomenon of low-velocity-favored transition radiation originates from the interference of the excited Ferrell-Berreman modes in an ultrathin epsilon-near-zero slab. Our findings may provide a promising route toward the design of integrated light sources based on low-energy electrons and specialized detectors for beyond-standard-model particles.

关键词： Atom or molecule scattering from surfaces Atomic & molecular collisions Cherenkov radiation Crystal optics Electron beams & optics Light-matter interaction Optical sources & detectors Optical transient phenomena Plasmonics

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BUMP ATTRACTORS and WAVES in NETWORKS of LEAKY INTEGRATE-AND-FIRE NEURONS

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Avitabile, Daniele Davis, Joshua L. Wedgwood, Kyle C.A. Department of Mathematics Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam Neuroscience Systems & Network Neuroscience MathNeuro Team Inria Sophia Antipolis Defence Science and Technology Laboratory Cyber and Information Systems Division Living Systems Institute College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences United Kingdom

Bump attractors are wandering localised patterns observed in in vivo experiments of spatially-extended neurobiological networks. They are important for the brain's navigational system and specific memory tasks. A bump attractor is characterised by a core in which neurons fire frequently, while those away from the core do not fire. These structures have been found in simulations of spiking neural networks, but we do not yet have a mathematical understanding of their existence because a rigorous analysis of the nonsmooth networks that support them is challenging. We uncover a relationship between bump attractors and travelling waves in a classical network of excitable, leaky integrate-and-fire neurons. This relationship bears strong similarities to the one between complex spatiotemporal patterns and waves at the onset of pipe turbulence. Waves in the spiking network are determined by a firing set, that is, the collection of times at which neurons reach a threshold and fire as the wave propagates. We define and study analytical properties of the voltage mapping, an operator transforming a solution's firing set into its spatiotemporal profile. This operator allows us to construct localised travelling waves with an arbitrary number of spikes at the core, and to study their linear stability. A homogeneous "laminar" state exists in the network, and it is linearly stable for all values of the principal control parameter. Sufficiently wide disturbances to the homogeneous state elicit the bump attractor. We show that one can construct waves with a seemingly arbitrary number of spikes at the core;the higher the number of spikes, the slower the wave, and the more its profile resembles a stationary bump. As in the fluid-dynamical analogy, such waves coexist with the homogeneous state, and the solution branches to which they belong are disconnected from the laminar state;we provide evidence that the dynamics of the bump attractor displays echoes of unstable waves, which form its

关键词： Neurons

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Predicting and considering properties of general polymers using incomplete dataset

Predicting and considering properties of general polymers us...

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Joint e-Manufacturing and Design Collaboration Symposium (eMDC) & International Symposium on Semiconductor Manufacturing (ISSM)

作者： Hitoshi Yamano Hiroaki Shimizu Shigehiko Kanaya Tomoyuki Miyao Aki Morita Hirai Naoaki Ono Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co. Ltd. Koza-gun Kanagawa Japan Division of Information Sciences Computational Systems Biology Lab. Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Ikoma Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781665403641

ISBN: (纸本)9781665447737

Polymer properties are usually more difficult to predict than those of small molecules due to them forming superstructures. In this work, we aimed at finding a versatile approach to predict multiple polymer properties using imperfect data with missing values. The dataset was hierarchically clustered on the basis of two independent factors: polymer properties and polymer structures. In polymer property-based clustering, visualizing relations of polymers was found to be an effective way of estimating the difficulty of polymer property prediction. In polymer structure-based clustering, each cluster could be formed based on the structural features. Thus, the clustering contributed to understanding structural characteristics of monomer unit structures. In addition to analyzing the data set in an unsupervised manner, we constructed polymer properties prediction models based solely on the information of monomer unit structures. Partial least squared (PLS) regression models could predict density, glass transition temperature and dissolution parameter with high accuracy. We also propose approach to evaluate obtained model using data already prepared.

关键词： Temperature Materials reliability Glass Predictive models Data models Manufacturing Polymers

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A TORA-based Wireless Protocol for MANET with Low Routing Overhead at Link Layer

A TORA-based Wireless Protocol for MANET with Low Routing Ov...

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IEEE Internatonal Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor systems (MASS)

作者： Biao Han Li Ding Yusheng Ji Xiaoyan Wang Baosheng Wang School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Information Systems Architecture Research Division National Institute of Informatics Tokyo Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ibaraki University Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781728198668

ISBN: (纸本)9781728198675

Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is an emerging technology that allows users to transmit data without any physical infrastructure. Among those MANET protocols, Temporally Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA) is an on-demand MANET routing protocol that attempts to find routes according to the directed acyclic graph (DAG). However, the TORA protocol requires strict synchronization. The routing overhead of TORA will increase linearly with the packet transmission rate. Motivated by Apple Wireless Direct Link (AWDL), we propose an ad hoc link-layer protocol called TORA-based Wireless Protocol (TWP) in this article. TWP can be deployed on embedded devices with Linux-kernel systems. Besides, it has unique frame structures and mechanisms. Also, it can implement synchronization and a TORA-like routing function at the link layer. We analyze the performance of TWP via experiments on Raspberry Pis. The results show that TWP can perform routing and data transmission successfully. It performs well in synchronization and can effectively reduce the routing overhead during the process of network routing.

关键词： Wireless communication Performance evaluation Wireless sensor networks Routing Routing protocols Synchronization Mobile ad hoc networks

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Recursive prediction of graph signals with incoming nodes

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Venkitaraman, Arun Chatterjee, Saikat Wahlberg, Bo Division of Decision and Control Systems Kth Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Division of Information Science and Engineering Kth Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm

Kernel and linear regression have been recently explored in the prediction of graph signals as the output, given arbitrary input signals that are agnostic to the graph. In many real-world problems, the graph expands over time as new nodes get introduced. Keeping this premise in mind, we propose a method to recursively obtain the optimal prediction or regression coefficients for the recently proposed Linear Regression over Graphs (LRG), as the graph expands with incoming nodes. This comes as a natural consequence of the structure of the regression problem, and obviates the need to solve a new regression problem each time a new node is added. Experiments with real-world graph signals show that our approach results in good prediction performance which tends to be close to that obtained from knowing the entire graph apriori. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convex optimization

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High-energy gamma-ray observations above 10 GeV with CALET on the International Space Station

High-energy gamma-ray observations above 10 GeV with CALET o...

引用

37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Adriani, O. Akaike, Y. Asano, K. Asaoka, Y. Berti, E. Bigongiari, G. Binns, W.R. Bongi, M. Brogi, P. Bruno, A. Buckley, J.H. Cannady, N. Castellini, G. Checchia, C. Cherry, M.L. Collazuol, G. Ebisawa, K. Ficklin, A.W. Fuke, H. Gonzi, S. Guzik, T.G. Hams, T. Hibino, K. Ichimura, M. Ioka, K. Ishizaki, W. Israel, M.H. Kasahara, K. Kataoka, J. Kataoka, R. Katayose, Y. Kato, C. Kawanaka, N. Kawakubo, Y. Kobayashi, K. Kohri, K. Krawczynski, H.S. Krizmanic, J.F. Maestro, P. Marrocchesi, P.S. Messineo, A.M. Mitchell, J.W. Miyake, S. Moiseev, A.A. Mori, Masaki Mori, N. Motz, H.M. Munakata, K. Nakahira, S. Nishimura, J. de Nolfo, G.A. Okuno, S. Ormes, J.F. Ospina, N. Ozawa, S. Pacini, L. Papini, P. Rauch, B.F. Ricciarini, S.B. Sakai, K. Sakamoto, T. Sasaki, M. Shimizu, Y. Shiomi, A. Spillantini, P. Stolzi, F. Sugita, S. Sulaj, A. Takita, M. Tamura, T. Terasawa, T. Torii, S. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, Y. Vannuccini, E. Wefel, J.P. Yamaoka, K. Yanagita, S. Yoshida, A. Yoshida, K. Zober, W.V. Department of Physics University of Florence Via Sansone 1 Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Italy INFN Sezione di Florence Via Sansone 1 Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Italy Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University 17 Kikuicho Shinjuku Tokyo162-0044 Japan JEM Utilization Center Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2-1-1 Sengen Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8505 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Department of Physical Sciences Earth and Environment University of Siena via Roma 56 Siena53100 Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa Polo Fibonacci Largo B. Pontecorvo 3 Pisa56127 Italy Department of Physics McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences Washington University One Brookings Drive St. LouisMO63130-4899 United States Heliospheric Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States Department of Physics Catholic University of America WashingtonDC20064 United States Center for Space Sciences and Technology University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle BaltimoreMD21250 United States Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States Via Madonna del Piano 10 Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University 202 Nicholson Hall Baton RougeLA70803 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Padova Via Marzolo 8 Padova35131 Italy INFN Sezione di Padova Via Marzolo 8 Padova35131 Italy Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 3-1-1 Yoshinodai Chuo Kanagawa Sagamihara252-5210 Japan Kanagawa University 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi Kanagawa Kanagawa Yokohama221-8686 Japan Faculty of Science and Technology Graduate School of Science and Technology Hirosaki Universi

Since the deployment of the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on the exposure facility of the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) 'Kibo' of the International Space Station in 2015, CALET is accumulating cosmic ray data steadily without any serious faults up to now. Although CALET is basically a high-energy cosmic-ray detector, its composite and thick detector structure allow us to separate gamma rays from charged cosmic rays clearly up the TeV energy region. In this paper, analysis of gamma-ray events above 10 GeV obtained by the 'high-energy' triggers, which is the basic trigger mode of CALET for cosmic-ray observations and is always effective regardless of the ISS position in orbit, are reported. Especially, good energy resolution (less than 3% at 10 GeV) of CALET enables us to search for spectral features in the gamma-ray energy spectrum such as lines possibly caused by annihilation of dark matter particles. Gamma-ray events above 10 GeV observed during five years of CALET operation have been analyzed to search for possible line signals in the energy spectra assuming various region-of-interests of the sky depending on the proposed Galactic density profile models. We found no hint of line signals and preliminary upper limits on parameters of the DM annihilation and decay models have been obtained. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

关键词： Gamma rays

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Development of an analysis method for neutrino-induced air showers with the Telescope Array surface detectors 7

Development of an analysis method for neutrino-induced air s...

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7th International Symposium on Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays, UHECR 2024

作者： Takahashi, K. Sako, T. Fujisue, K. Fujita, K. Kawata, K. Ogio, S. Oshima, H. Sagawa, H. Takeda, M. Abbasi, R.U. Abu-Zayyad, T. Allen, M. Belz, J.W. Bergman, D.R. Buckland, I. Campbell, W. Cheon, B.G. Endo, K. Fedynitch, A. Fujii, T. Fujisue, K. Fujita, K. Fukushima, M. Furlich, G. Gerber, Z. Globus, N. Hanlon, W. Hayashida, N. He, H. Hibino, K. Higuchi, R. Ikeda, D. Ishii, T. Ivanov, D. Jeong, S. Jui, C.C.H. Kadota, K. Kakimoto, F. Kalashev, O. Kasahara, K. Kawachi, Y. Kawata, K. Kharuk, I. Kido, E. Kim, H.B. Kim, J.H. Kim, S.W. Kobo, R. Komae, I. Komatsu, K. Komori, K. Koyama, C. Kudenko, M. Kuroiwa, M. Kusumori, Y. Kuznetsov, M. Kwon, Y.J. Lee, K.H. Lee, M.J. Lubsandorzhiev, B. Lundquist, J.P. Matsuzawa, A. Matthews, J.A. Matthews, J.N. Mizuno, K. Mori, M. Murakami, M. Nagataki, S. Nakahara, M. Nakamura, T. Nakayama, T. Nakayama, Y. Nonaka, T. Ogio, S. Ohoka, H. Okazaki, N. Onishi, M. Oshima, A. Oshima, H. Ozawa, S. Park, I.H. Park, K.Y. Potts, M. Przybylak, M. Pshirkov, M.S. Remington, J. Rott, C. Rubtsov, G.I. Ryu, D. Sagawa, H. Sakaki, N. Sakamoto, R. Sako, T. Sakurai, N. Sakurai, S. Sato, D. Sato, S. Sekino, K. Shibata, T. Shikita, J. Shimodaira, H. Shin, B.K. Shin, H.S. Shinozaki, K. Smith, J.D. Sokolsky, P. Stokes, B.T. Stroman, T.A. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, K. Takeda, M. Takeishi, R. Taketa, A. Takita, M. Tameda, Y. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Thomas, S.B. Thomson, G.B. Tinyakov, P. Tkachev, I. Tomida, T. Troitsky, S. Tsunesada, Y. Udo, S. Urban, F. Vaiman, I.A. Vrabel, M. Warren, D. Yamazaki, K. Zhezher, Y. Zundel, Z. Zvirzdin, J. ICRR University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Chiba Kashiwa City277-8582 Japan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica No.128 Sec.2 Academia Rd. Taipei115 Taiwan Department of Physics Loyola University Chicago ChicagoIL60660 United States High Energy Astrophysics Institute Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT84112-0830 United States Department of Physics The Research Institute of Natural Science Hanyang University Seongdong-gu Seoul426-791 Korea Republic of Graduate School of Science Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka558-8585 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei City115201 Taiwan Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka558-8585 Japan Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory RIKEN Saitama Wako351-0198 Japan Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama221-8686 Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Kofu400-8511 Japan Department of Physics Sungkyunkwan University Jang-an-gu Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Tokyo City University Tokyo158-8557 Japan Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow117312 Russia Faculty of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo337-8570 Japan Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering Shinshu University Nagano Nagano380-8554 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Electro-Communication University Neyagawa-shi Osaka572-8530 Japan Service de Physique Theorique Universite Libre de Bruxelles Brussels1050 Belgium Department of Physics Yonsei University Seodaemun-gu Seoul120-749 Korea Republic of Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology University of Nova Gorica Nova Gorica5297 Slovenia Faculty o

The origins of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) remain unclear. A significant difficulty in identifying their sources is the complex deflection of charged particles by galactic and intergalactic magnetic fields. Our goal is to detect high-energy neutrinos produced through interactions between UHECRs and matter near astrophysical objects, to help elucidate their origins. In this study, we utilize data from the Telescope Array surface detector (TA SD) to search for neutrino-induced air showers. To achieve this, we have developed an analysis method using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Our approach focuses on inclined air showers, as both the probability of interaction and the efficiency of background rejection increase at larger zenith angles. Since standard TA analyses limit zenith angles below 55 degrees, this study rigorously examines the validity of thinning and dethinning processes in MC simulations at larger zenith angles. To minimize variations in shower characteristics, we concentrate on showers produced by electron neutrinos through charged current interactions. This study will not only present a detailed analysis method but also discuss the characteristics of neutrino-induced air showers, which are essential for distinguishing them from background events. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) All rights for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies for commercial purposes, are reserved.

关键词： Cosmic rays

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