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Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 2022年 921卷

作者： Satoshi Takagi Takashi Asada Yoshinobu Oshikiri Makoto Miura Ryoichi Morimoto Atsushi Sugiyama Iwao Mogi Ryoichi Aogaki Graduate School of Symbiotic Systems Science and Technology Fukushima University 1 Kanayagawa Fukushima Fukushima 960-1296 Japan Department of Environmental Engineering Yamagata College of Industry and Technology 2-2-1 Matsuei Yamagata Yamagata 990-2473 Japan Architectural Construction Systems Technology Hokkaido Polytechnic College 3-190 Zenibako Otaru Hokkaido 047-0292 Japan Saitama Industrial Technology Center 3-12-18 Kamiaoki Kawaguchi Saitama 333-0844 Japan Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation Waseda University 513 Waseda-tsurumaki-cho Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-0041 Japan National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan R&D Division Yoshino Denka Kogyo Inc. 1-2 Asahi Yoshikawa Saitama 342-0008 Japan Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan Polytechnic University 2-20-12 Ryogoku Sumida-ku Tokyo 130-0026 Japan

FUTURE-AI: International consensus guideline for trustworthy and deployable artificial intelligence in healthcare

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lekadir, Karim Feragen, Aasa Fofanah, Abdul Joseph Frangi, Alejandro F. Buyx, Alena Emelie, Anais Lara, Andrea Porras, Antonio R. Chan, An-Wen Navarro, Arcadi Glocker, Ben Botwe, Benard O. Khanal, Bishesh Beger, Brigit Wu, Carol C. Cintas, Celia Langlotz, Curtis P. Rueckert, Daniel Mzurikwao, Deogratias Fotiadis, Dimitrios I. Zhussupov, Doszhan Ferrante, Enzo Meijering, Erik Weicken, Eva González, Fabio A. Asselbergs, Folkert W. Prior, Fred Krestin, Gabriel P. Collins, Gary S. Tegenaw, Geletaw S. Kaissis, Georgios Misuraca, Gianluca Tsakou, Gianna Dwivedi, Girish Kondylakis, Haridimos Jayakody, Harsha Woodruf, Henry C. Mayer, Horst Joachim Aerts, Hugo JWL Walsh, Ian Chouvarda, Ioanna Buvat, Irène Tributsch, Isabell Rekik, Islem Duncan, James Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree Zahir, Jihad Park, Jinah Mongan, John Gichoya, Judy W. Schnabel, Julia A. Kushibar, Kaisar Riklund, Katrine Mori, Kensaku Marias, Kostas Amugongo, Lameck M. Fromont, Lauren A. Maier-Hein, Lena Alberich, Leonor Cerdá Rittner, Leticia Phiri, Lighton Marrakchi-Kacem, Linda Donoso-Bach, Lluís Martí-Bonmatí, Luis Cardoso, M. Jorge Bobowicz, Maciej Shabani, Mahsa Tsiknakis, Manolis Zuluaga, Maria A. Bielikova, Maria Fritzsche, Marie-Christine Camacho, Marina Linguraru, Marius George Wenzel, Markus De Bruijne, Marleen Tolsgaard, Martin G. Ghassemi, Marzyeh Ashrafuzzaman, Md Goisauf, Melanie Yaqub, Mohammad Abadía, Mónica Cano Mahmoud, Mukhtar M.E. Elattar, Mustafa Rieke, Nicola Papanikolaou, Nikolaos Lazrak, Noussair Díaz, Oliver Salvado, Olivier Pujol, Oriol Sall, Ousmane Guevara, Pamela Gordebeke, Peter Lambin, Philippe Brown, Pieta Abolmaesumi, Purang Dou, Qi Lu, Qinghua Osuala, Richard Nakasi, Rose Zhou, S. Kevin Napel, Sandy Colantonio, Sara Albarqouni, Shadi Joshi, Smriti Carter, Stacy Klein, Stefan Petersen, Steffen E. Aussó, Susanna Awate, Suyash Raviv, Tammy Riklin Cook, Tessa Mutsvangwa, Tinashe E.M. Rogers, Wendy A. Niessen, Wiro J. Puig-Bosch, Xènia Zeng, Yi Mohammed, Yunusa G. Aquino, Yves Saint James Salahuddin, Zohaib Starmans, Martijn P.A. Department de Matemàtiques i Informàtica Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Barcelona Spain DTU Compute Technical University of Denmark Kgs Lyngby Denmark Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science and Technology Milton Margai Technical University Freetown Sierra Leone Center for Computational Imaging & Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine Schools of Computing and Medicine University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom Cardiovascular Science and Electronic Engineering Departments KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Faculty of Engineering of Systems Informatics and Sciences of Computing Galileo University Guatemala City Guatemala Department of Biostatistics and Informatics Colorado School of Public Health University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus AuroraCO United States Department of Medicine Women’s College Research Institute University of Toronto Toronto Canada Universitat Pompeu Fabra BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center Barcelona Spain Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical & Allied Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana Department of Midwifery & Radiography School of Health & Psychological Sciences City University of London United Kingdom Kathmandu Nepal European Heart Network Brussels Belgium Department of Thoracic Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston United States IBM Research Africa Nairobi Kenya Departments of Radiology Medicine and Biomedical Data Science Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford United States Institute for AI and Informatics in Medicine Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University Munich Munich Germany Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania United Republic of Ioannina Greece Almaty AI Lab Almaty Kazakhstan

Background: Despite major advances in artificial intelligence (AI) research for healthcare, the deployment and adoption of AI technologies remain limited in clinical practice. In recent years, concerns have been raised about the clinical, technical, ethical and legal risks associated with healthcare AI. To increase adoption in the real world, it is essential that AI technologies are trusted and accepted by patients, clinicians, health organisations and authorities. This paper describes the FUTURE-AI framework as the first international consensus guideline for trustworthy AI in healthcare. Methods: The FUTURE-AI consortium was founded in 2021 and now comprises 117 interdisciplinary experts from 50 countries representing all continents, including AI scientists, clinical researchers, biomedical ethicists, and social scientists. Over a two-year period, the consortium established guiding principles and best practices for trustworthy and deployable AI through an iterative process comprising an in-depth literature review, a modified Delphi survey, and online consensus meetings. Findings: The FUTURE-AI framework was established based on six guiding principles for trustworthy AI in healthcare, i.e. Fairness, Universality, Traceability, Usability, Robustness and Explainability. Through consensus, a set of 30 best practices were defined, addressing technical, clinical, socio-ethical and legal dimensions of trustworthy AI. The recommendations cover the entire lifecycle of healthcare AI, from design, development and validation to regulation, deployment, and monitoring. Interpretation: FUTURE-AI is a structured, risk-informed framework which provides guidance for constructing healthcare AI tools that will be trusted, deployed and adopted in real-world clinical practice. Researchers are encouraged to take the recommendations into account in proof-of-concept stages to facilitate future translation towards clinical practice of healthcare AI. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights

关键词： Clinical research

Genetic drivers of heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology

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Nature 2024年第8003期627卷 347-357页

作者： Ken Suzuki Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas Lorraine Southam Henry J Taylor Xianyong Yin Kim M Lorenz Ravi Mandla Alicia Huerta-Chagoya Giorgio E M Melloni Stavroula Kanoni Nigel W Rayner Ozvan Bocher Ana Luiza Arruda Kyuto Sonehara Shinichi Namba Simon S K Lee Michael H Preuss Lauren E Petty Philip Schroeder Brett Vanderwerff Mart Kals Fiona Bragg Kuang Lin Xiuqing Guo Weihua Zhang Jie Yao Young Jin Kim Mariaelisa Graff Fumihiko Takeuchi Jana Nano Amel Lamri Masahiro Nakatochi Sanghoon Moon Robert A Scott James P Cook Jung-Jin Lee Ian Pan Daniel Taliun Esteban J Parra Jin-Fang Chai Lawrence F Bielak Yasuharu Tabara Yang Hai Gudmar Thorleifsson Niels Grarup Tamar Sofer Matthias Wuttke Chloé Sarnowski Christian Gieger Darryl Nousome Stella Trompet Soo-Heon Kwak Jirong Long Meng Sun Lin Tong Wei-Min Chen Suraj S Nongmaithem Raymond Noordam Victor J Y Lim Claudia H T Tam Yoonjung Yoonie Joo Chien-Hsiun Chen Laura M Raffield Bram Peter Prins Aude Nicolas Lisa R Yanek Guanjie Chen Jennifer A Brody Edmond Kabagambe Ping An Anny H Xiang Hyeok Sun Choi Brian E Cade Jingyi Tan K Alaine Broadaway Alice Williamson Zoha Kamali Jinrui Cui Manonanthini Thangam Linda S Adair Adebowale Adeyemo Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas Tarunveer S Ahluwalia Sonia S Anand Alain Bertoni Jette Bork-Jensen Ivan Brandslund Thomas A Buchanan Charles F Burant Adam S Butterworth Mickaël Canouil Juliana C N Chan Li-Ching Chang Miao-Li Chee Ji Chen Shyh-Huei Chen Yuan-Tsong Chen Zhengming Chen Lee-Ming Chuang Mary Cushman John Danesh Swapan K Das H Janaka de Silva George Dedoussis Latchezar Dimitrov Ayo P Doumatey Shufa Du Qing Duan Kai-Uwe Eckardt Leslie S Emery Daniel S Evans Michele K Evans Krista Fischer James S Floyd Ian Ford Oscar H Franco Timothy M Frayling Barry I Freedman Pauline Genter Hertzel C Gerstein Vilmantas Giedraitis Clicerio González-Villalpando Maria Elena González-Villalpando Penny Gordon-Larsen Myron Gross Lindsay A Guare Sophie Hackinger Liisa Hakaste Sohee Han Andrew T Hattersley Christian Herder Momoko Horikoshi Annie-Green Howard Willa Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Research Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences University of Manchester Manchester UK. Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Graduate School of Medicine University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. Department of Statistical Genetics Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan. Institute of Translational Genomics Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany. konstantinos.hatzikotoulas@helmholtz-munich.de. Institute of Translational Genomics Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany. Center for Precision Health Research National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA. British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK. Heart and Lung Research Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge UK. Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China. Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA. Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Genetics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA. Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA USA. Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA. TIMI Study Group Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. William Harvey Research Institute Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London L

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease that develops through diverse pathophysiological processes and molecular mechanisms that are often specific to cell type. Here, to characterize the genetic contribution to these processes across ancestry groups, we aggregate genome-wide association study data from 2,535,601 individuals (39.7% not of European ancestry), including 428,452 cases of T2D. We identify 1,289 independent association signals at genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10) that map to 611 loci, of which 145 loci are, to our knowledge, previously unreported. We define eight non-overlapping clusters of T2D signals that are characterized by distinct profiles of cardiometabolic trait associations. These clusters are differentially enriched for cell-type-specific regions of open chromatin, including pancreatic islets, adipocytes, endothelial cells and enteroendocrine cells. We build cluster-specific partitioned polygenic scores in a further 279,552 individuals of diverse ancestry, including 30,288 cases of T2D, and test their association with T2D-related vascular outcomes. Cluster-specific partitioned polygenic scores are associated with coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease and end-stage diabetic nephropathy across ancestry groups, highlighting the importance of obesity-related processes in the development of vascular outcomes. Our findings show the value of integrating multi-ancestry genome-wide association study data with single-cell epigenomics to disentangle the aetiological heterogeneity that drives the development and progression of T2D. This might offer a route to optimize global access to genetically informed diabetes care.

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FAIR for AI: An interdisciplinary and international community building perspective

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Huerta, E.A. Blaiszik, Ben Brinson, L. Catherine Bouchard, Kristofer E. Diaz, Daniel Doglioni, Caterina Duarte, Javier M. Emani, Murali Foster, Ian Fox, Geoffrey Harris, Philip Heinrich, Lukas Jha, Shantenu Katz, Daniel S. Kindratenko, Volodymyr Kirkpatrick, Christine R. Lassila-Perini, Kati Madduri, Ravi K. Neubauer, Mark S. Psomopoulos, Fotis E. Roy, Avik Rübel, Oliver Zhao, Zhizhen Zhu, Ruike Data Science and Learning Division Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60439 United States Department of Computer Science University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Globus University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Scientific Data Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Biological Systems & Engineering Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Lund University Department of Physics Box 118 Lund221 00 Sweden School of Physics & Astronomy The University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Leadership Computing Facility Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60439 United States Biocomplexity Institute Department of Computer Science University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Technical University Munich Arcisstraße 21 München80333 Germany Computational Science Initiative Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Rutgers The State University of New Jersey PiscatawayNJ08854 United States National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States School of Information Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States San Diego Supercomputer Center University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA

A foundational set of findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) principles were proposed in 2016 as prerequisites for proper data management and stewardship, with the goal of enabling the reusability of scholarly data. The principles were also meant to apply to other digital assets, at a high level, and over time, the FAIR guiding principles have been reinterpreted or extended to include the software, tools, algorithms, and workflows that produce data. FAIR principles are now being adapted in the context of AI models and datasets. Here, we present the perspectives, vision, and experiences of researchers from different countries, disciplines, and backgrounds who are leading the definition and adoption of FAIR principles in their communities of practice, and discuss outcomes that may result from pursuing and incentivizing FAIR AI research. The material for this report builds on the FAIR for AI Workshop held at Argonne National Laboratory on June 7, 2022. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： information management

Underlying rules of evolutionary urban systems in Africa

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Nature Cities

Nature Cities 2025年 1-9页

作者： Gang Xu Mengyan Zhu Limin Jiao Bin Chen Peng Gong Muhammad Salem Zhibang Xu Patrick Brandful Cobbinah Xuecao Li Neema Simon Sumari Xiaoling Zhang School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan China Future Urbanity and Sustainable Environment (FUSE) Lab Division of Landscape Architecture Faculty of Architecture The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Urban Systems Institute The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Department of Geography and Department of Earth Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Faculty of Urban and Regional Planning Cairo University Giza Egypt Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen China Faculty of Architecture Building and Planning The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing China College of Natural and Applied Sciences (CoNAS) Department of Informatics and Information Technology Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Department of Real Estate and Construction Faculty of Architecture The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Sustainability X-Lab The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China

Africa is set to drive future global urbanization, yet the evolution of its urban systems remains underexplored. Here we show this evolution during 1950–2020 using three urban system rules based on a unified urban definition across the African continent. Zipf’s law quantified increasing population concentration in large cities, leading to a shift from dispersed to centralized city-size distributions. As Gibrat’s law predicted, urban population growth was independent of its initial size since the 1990s. Relative growth among different-sized cities changed urban hierarchy, thus the integration of Zipf’s and Gibrat’s laws uncovered imbalances in urban system structures. The third rule we focus on is the scaling law, where unexpected super-linear scaling relationships between built-up areas and population size indicated lower land-use efficiency in large cities, particularly in Eastern and Western Africa. However, the overall decline in built-up scaling exponents over time suggested improving economies of scale as urban systems matured. This study evidenced simple rules behind complex urban systems that help us understand broader urban complexities and urbanization dynamics.

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Observation of topological edge states in thermal diffusion

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Hu, Hao Han, Song Yang, Yihao Liu, Dongjue Xue, Haoran Liu, Gui-Geng Cheng, Zheyu Wang, Qi Jie Zhang, Shuang Zhang, Baile Luo, Yu School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore639798 Singapore Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China International Joint Innovation Center ZJU-UIUC Institute Zhejiang University Haining314400 China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore637371 Singapore Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong China Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore

The topological band theory predicts that bulk materials with nontrivial topological phases support topological edge states. This phenomenon is universal for various wave systems and has been widely observed for electromagnetic and acoustic waves. Here, we extend the notion of band topology from wave to diffusion dynamics. Unlike the wave systems that are usually Hermitian, the diffusion systems are anti-Hermitian with purely imaginary eigenvalues corresponding to decay rates. Via direct probe of the temperature diffusion, we experimentally retrieve the Hamiltonian of a thermal lattice, and observe the emergence of topological edge decays within the gap of bulk decays. Our results show that such edge states exhibit robust decay rates, which are topologically protected against disorders. This work constitutes a thermal analogue of topological insulators and paves the way to exploring defect-immune heat dissipation. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

Horizontal Transport in Ti3C2TxMXene for Highly Efficient Osmotic Energy Conversion from Saline-Alkali Environments

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第48期136卷

作者： Han Qian Puguang Peng Hongzhao Fan Zhe Yang Lixue Yang Prof. Yanguang Zhou Prof. Dan Tan Feiyao Yang Prof. Morten Willatzen Prof. Gehan Amaratunga Prof. Zhonglin Wang Prof. Di Wei Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 People's Republic of China School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Xidian University Xi'an 710126 People's Republic of China Zhejiang University—University of Illinois at Urbana Champagne Institute (ZJUI) and School of Information Science and Electronics Zhejiang University International Campus Haining China Electrical Engineering Division Dept. of Engineering University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0FA UK School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor Center for High-Entropy Energy and Systems Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 People's Republic of China Centre for Photonic Devices and Sensors University of Cambridge 9 JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0FA UK

Osmotic energy from the ocean has been thoroughly studied, but that from saline-alkali lakes is constrained by the ion-exchange membranes due to the trade-off between permeability and selectivity, stemming from the unfavorable structure of nanoconfined channels, pH tolerance, and chemical stability of the membranes. Inspired by the rapid water transport in xylem conduit structures, we propose a horizontal transport MXene (H-MXene) with ionic sequential transport nanochannels, designed to endure extreme saline-alkali conditions while enhancing ion selectivity and permeability. The H-MXene demonstrates superior ion conductivity of 20.67 S m −1 in 1 M NaCl solution and a diffusion current density of 308 A m −2 at a 10-fold salinity gradient of NaCl solution, significantly outperforming the conventional vertical transport MXene (V-MXene). Both experimental and simulation studies have confirmed that H-MXene represents a novel approach to circumventing the permeability-selectivity trade-off. Moreover, it exhibits efficient ion transport capabilities, addressing the gap in saline-alkali osmotic power generation.

关键词： Ti3C2Tx MXene Osmotic Energy Nanoconfined Channels Horizontal Transport Saline-alkali Environments

Accuracy validation of a newly developed cuffless blood pressure estimation method using only an iPhone

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Transactions of Japanese Society for Medical and Biological ...

Transactions of Japanese Society for Medical and Biological Engineering 2018年第PROC期56卷 13-13页

作者： Harada, Ippei Yamakoshi, Takehiro Toda, Sogo Matsumura, Kenta Information and Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology Japan Department of Information Systems Engineering Faculty of Information Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology Japan Division of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Hokkaido University Japan Computer Science Laboratory Comprehensive Research Organization Fukuoka Institute of Technology Japan

The mainstream method for cuffless blood pressure is that based on pulse transit time. However, there are many inconveniences in this method such as requiring simultaneous measurement of electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram and frequent calibration using a cuff sphygmomanometer. So, we developed a far simpler method to estimate blood pressure only using a heart rate and modified normalized pulse volume that can be measured using a smartphone alone. In this study, we examined its accuracy against conventional brachial cuff sphygmomanometer. Mental arithmetic task was used to alter blood pressure in 13 healthy subjects. Analysis revealed that the correlation coefficients between these two were.73,.73, and.72 for mean blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. Results suggest that this simple method can yield moderately reliable measures of blood pressure. (132/150). © 2018, Japan Soc. of Med. Electronics and Biol. Engineering. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blood pressure

On Reconstruction of Extended Teleparallel Gravity from the Cosmological Jerk Parameter

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Chakrabarti, Soumya Said, Jackson Levi Bamba, Kazuharu Centre for Theoretical Studies Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur KharagpurWest Bengal721 302 India Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy University of Malta MsidaMSD 2080 Malta Department of Physics University of Malta MsidaMSD 2080 Malta Division of Human Support System Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science Fukushima University Fukushima960-1296 Japan

Teleparallel gravity offers a path to resolve a number of longstanding issues in general relativity by re-interpreting gravitation as an artifact of torsion rather than curvature. The present work deals with cosmological solutions in an extension of teleparallel gravity. A reconstruction scheme of the theory has been proposed based on the cosmological jerk parameter. The work contains analysis of ensuing cosmological parameters for different viable models and the stability of the models against cosmic time through an investigation of perturbation of matter overdensity and the hubble parameter. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cosmology

Itinerant ferromagnetism mediated by giant spin polarization of the metallic ligand band in the van der Waals magnet Fe5GeTe2

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Physical Review B 2021年第6期103卷 L060403-L060403页

作者： K. Yamagami Y. Fujisawa B. Driesen C. H. Hsu K. Kawaguchi H. Tanaka T. Kondo Y. Zhang H. Wadati K. Araki T. Takeda Y. Takeda T. Muro F. C. Chuang Y. Niimi K. Kuroda M. Kobayashi Y. Okada Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Onna-son Kunigami-gun Okinawa 904-0495 Japan Institute for Solid State Physics The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba 277–8581 Japan Department of Physics National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan District Beijing 100049 China Graduate School of Material Science University of Hyogo Ako Hyogo 678–1297 Japan Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University Suita Osaka 565–0871 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113–8656 Japan Materials Sciences Research Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Sayo-cho Sayo-gun Hyogo 679–5148 Japan Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) Sayo-cho Sayo-gun Hyogo 679–5198 Japan Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Osaka University Toyonaka 560–0043 Japan Center for Spintronics Research Network Osaka University Toyonaka 560–8531 Japan Center for Spintronics Research Network The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113–8656 Japan

We investigate near-Fermi-energy (EF) element-specific electronic and spin states of ferromagnetic van der Waals (vdW) metal Fe5GeTe2. The soft x-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (SX-ARPES) measurement provides spectroscopic evidence of localized Fe 3d band. We also find prominent hybridization between the localized Fe 3d band and the delocalized Ge/Te p bands. This picture is strongly supported from direct observation of the remarkable spin polarization of the ligand p bands near EF, using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements. The strength of XMCD signal from ligand element Te shows the highest value, as far as we recognize, among literature reporting finite XMCD signal for nonmagnetic element in any systems. Combining SX-ARPES and elemental selective XMCD measurements, we collectively point to an important role of giant spin polarization of the delocalized ligand Te states for realizing itinerant long-range ferromagnetism in Fe5GeTe2. Our finding provides a fundamental elemental selective viewpoint for understanding mechanism of itinerant ferromagnetism in low-dimensional compounds, which also leads to insight for designing exotic magnetic states by interfacial band engineering in heterostructures.

关键词： Electronic structure Magnetism Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy X-ray magnetic circular dichroism