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Double protection charger for Li-Ion battery

World Electric Vehicle Journal 2010年第2期4卷 379-385页

作者： Lu, Shuh-Tai Chen, Ren-Her Sie, Wun-Tong Liu, Kuen-Chi Computer Science and Information Engineering Ching Yun University No. 229 Jiansing Rd. Jhongli City Taoyuan County32097 Taiwan Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology Electronic Systems Research Division P.O. Box 90008-22-17 Lung-Tan Taoyuan County32599 Taiwan Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology System Development Center No. 566 Lane 134 Longyuan Rd. Lung-Tan Taoyuan County325 Taiwan

A low cost battery charger is introduced in this paper. The charging feature meets the requirement of a Li-Ion rechargeable cell designed for electric vehicles and manufactured by E company. The charger is capable of constant current/constant voltage charging strategy, double over current/voltage protection and automatically offloaded with a sound alarm when the charging current is smaller than about 40mA. A detail circuit diagram and its operation principle are proposed and some experimental results are also given. All devices used in the charger circuit are very common and easily purchased. Because of its simple structure only a few modifications are needed to make one's own specific charger. © 2010 WEVA.

关键词： Charging (batteries)

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Alloying-driven phase stability in group-VB transition metals under compression

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Physical Review B 2010年第14期82卷 144114-144114页

作者： A. Landa P. Söderlind O. I. Velikokhatnyi I. I. Naumov A. V. Ruban O. E. Peil L. Vitos Condensed Matter and Materials Division Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California 94551 USA Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15261 USA Information and Quantum Systems Laboratory Hewlett-Packard Palo Alto California 94304 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Applied Materials Physics Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Institute of Theoretical Physics University of Hamburg 20355 Hamburg Germany Department of Physics and Materials Science Division for Materials Theory Uppsala University SE-75121 Uppsala Sweden

The change in phase stability of group-VB (V, Nb, and Ta) transition metals due to pressure and alloying is explored by means of first-principles electronic-structure calculations. It is shown that under compression stabilization or destabilization of the ground-state body-centered-cubic (bcc) phase of the metal is mainly dictated by the band-structure energy that correlates well with the position of the Kohn anomaly in the transverse-acoustic-phonon mode. The predicted position of the Kohn anomaly in V, Nb, and Ta is found to be in a good agreement with data from the inelastic x-ray or neutron-scattering measurements. In the case of alloying the change in phase stability is defined by the interplay between the band-structure and Madelung energies. We show that band-structure effects determine phase stability when a particular group-VB metal is alloyed with its nearest neighbors within the same d-transition series: the neighbor with less and more d electrons destabilize and stabilize the bcc phase, respectively. When V is alloyed with neighbors of a higher (4d- or 5d-)transition series, both electrostatic Madelung and band-structure energies stabilize the body-centered-cubic phase. The opposite effect (destabilization) happens when Nb or Ta is alloyed with neighbors of the 3d-transition series.

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Development of a knee-gap force measurement device to evaluate quantitative lower limb muscular strength of the elderly

IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems

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IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, information and systems 2010年第2期130卷 267-274页

作者： Yamashita, Kazuhiko Imaizumi, Kazuya Iwakami, Yumi Sato, Mitsuru Nakajima, Sawako Ino, Shuichi Koyama, Hironori Kawasumi, Masashi Ifuakube, Toru Tokyo Healthcare University Dept. of Healthcare Division of Health Informatics 3-11-3 Setagaya Setagaya-ku Tokyo 154-8568 Japan University of Tokyo Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8904 Japan Showa University School of Nursing and Rehabilitation Sciences 1865 Tokaichiba-machi Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8555 Japan Keio University Department Biosciences and Informatics 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku Yokohama-shi Kanagawa 223-8521 Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba-shi Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan Tokyo Denki University School of Science and Technology for Future Life Dept of Information Systems and Multimedia Design 2-2 Nishiki-cho Kanda Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-8547 Japan

Falling is one of the most serious problems for the elderly. It is thought that lower limb muscular strength greatly affects falls of the elderly. The aim of this study is to develop a safe, easy-to-use and quantitative device of knee-gap force measurement for evaluation of the lower limb muscular strength, and additionally, we examined it for efficiency. We examined from the three viewpoints. In the results, 1. the knee-gap force is clearly associated with the strength of muscle contraction estimated by electromyogram in each muscle for the hip joint adductors. Therefore, the proposed device for the measurement of knee-gap force correctly estimates the activity of the hip joint adductors, which is closely related with the activities of daily living. *** results of knee-gap force measured from 170 people aging from middle age to elderly, including some persons who are suffering from physical frailness on a clinical estimation. In the group of healthy elderly knee-gap force was decreased by 16%, while that of the physically frail elderly was decreased by 34% in comparison to middle age.3. Furthermore, the correlation coefficient between the knee-gap force and 10m obstacle walking time was found to be -0.57 (negative correlation). It means that the ambulatory ability is decreased along with the knee-gap force being decreased. This indicates a possibility easily to estimate risk of falling by the knee-gap force, because the decrease of lower limb muscular strength and ambulatory ability is a factor of increased falling risk. © 2010 The institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Muscle

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IT education 2.0 09

IT education 2.0

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10th ACM Special Interest Group for information technology Education, SIGITE 2009

作者： Sabin, Mihaela Leone, Jim Computer Information Systems Division of Science and Technology University of New Hampshire Manchester NH United States Departments of Information Sciences and Technologies Networking Security and Systems Administration Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester NY United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587653

Today's networked computing and communications technologies have changed how information, knowledge, and culture are produced and exchanged. People around the world join online communities that are set up voluntarily and use their members' collaborative participation to solve problems, share interests, raise awareness, or simply establish social connections. Two online community examples with significant economic and cultural impact are the open source software movement and Wikipedia. The technological infrastructure of these peer production models uses current Web 2.0 tools, such as wikis, blogs, social networking, semantic tagging, and RSS feeds. With no control exercised by property-based markets or managerial hierarchies, commons-based peer production systems contribute to and serve the public domain and public good. The body of cultural, educational, and scientific work of many online communities is made available to the public for free and legal sharing, use, repurposing, and remixing. Higher education's receptiveness to these transformative trends deserves close examination. In the case of the information technology (IT) education community, in particular, we note that the curricular content, research questions, and professional skills the IT discipline encompasses have direct linkages with the Web 2.0 phenomenon. For that reason, IT academic programs should pioneer and lead efforts to cultivate peer production online communities. We state the case that free access and open engagement facilitated by technological infrastructures that support a peer production model benefit IT education. We advocate that these technologies be employed to strengthen IT educational programs, advance IT research, and revitalize the IT education community. Copyright 2009 ACM.

关键词： Open source software

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Workflow service extensions for UNICORE 6 -utilising a standard WS-BPEL engine for grid service orchestration

Workflow service extensions for UNICORE 6 -utilising a stand...

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Workshops on Parallel Processing, Euro-Par 2008: VHPC 2008, UNICORE 2008, HPPC 2008, SGS 2008, PROPER 2008, ROIA 2008, and DPA 2008

作者： Gudenkauf, S. Hasselbring, W. Höing, A. Scherp, G. Kao, O. OFFIS Institute for Information Technology R and D-Division Business Information Management Escherweg 2 26121 Oldenburg Germany Technische Universitat Berlin Faculty IV-Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Dept. of Telecommunication Systems Complex and Distributed IT Systems Einsteinufer 17 10587 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3642009549

The BIS-Grid project1, a BMBF-funded project in the context of the German D-Grid initiative, focusses on realising Enterprise Application Integration using Grid technologies to proof that Grid technologies are feasible for information systems integration. Small and medium enterprises shall be enabled to integrate heterogeneous business information systems and to use external Grid resources and services with affordable effort. In this paper, we describe service extensions to UNICORE 6 to use an arbitrary WS-BPEL workflow engine and standard WS-BPEL to orchestrate stateful, WSRF-based Web Services, also called Grid Services. Thereby, we focus on how to combine the arbitrary workflow engine with UNICORE 6, and on how to access workflows and workflow instances. The workflows itself are also provided as Grid Services, realised by a Workflow Management Service that deploys Workflow Services within UNICORE 6, each wrapping a WS-BPEL workflow that is deployed in the arbitrary workflow engine. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009.

关键词： Web services

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Rail brake system using a linear induction motor for dynamic braking

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IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 2009年第3期129卷 342-349+14页

作者： Sakamoto, Yasuaki Kashiwagi, Takayuki Tanaka, Minora Hasegawa, Hitoshi Sasakawa, Takashi Fujii, Nobuo Maglev Systems Technology Division Railway Technical Research Institute 2-8-38 Hikari-cho Kokubunji Tokyo 185-8540 Japan Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Systems Eng. Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan Railway Technical Research Institute Japan Kyushu University Japan

One type of braking system for railway vehicles is the eddy current brake. Because this type of brake has the problem of rail heating, it has not been used for practical applications in Japan. Therefore, we proposed the use of a linear induction motor (LIM) for dynamic braking in eddy current brake systems. The LIM reduces rail heating and uses an inverter for self excitation. In this paper, we estimated the performance of an LIM from experimental results of a fundamental test machine and confirmed that the LIM generates an approximately constant braking force under constant current excitation. At relatively low frequencies, this braking force remains unaffected by frequency changes. The reduction ratio of rail heating is also approximately proportional to the frequency. We also confirmed that dynamic braking resulting in no electrical output can be used for drive control of the LIM. These characteristics are convenient for the realization of the LIM rail brake system. © 2009 The institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Rails

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Global Asymptotical Stabilization of Morse-Smale systems Using Weak Control-Lyapunov Functions

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SICE Journal of Control, Measurement, and System Integration 2009年第1期2卷 43-49页

作者： Gou Nishida Takayuki Tsuzuki Hisakazu Nakamura Yuh Yamashita RIKEN-TRI Collaboration Center for Human-Interactive Robot Research Center Advanced Science Institute RIKEN Department of Electronic and Control Systems Engineering Interdisciplinary Faculty of Science and Engineering Shimane University Systems and Control Lab. Graduate School of Information Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology Division of Systems Science and Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Hokkaido University

This paper proposes a method of constructing weak control-Lyapunov functions for nonlinear systems by introducing a topological geometric assumption called a Morse-Smale system. A Lyapunov function is one of the most important tools to study stability and stabilization of nonlinear systems. However, a general way of finding Lyapunov functions has not been found yet. First, we confirm there is a weak Lyapunov function for Morse-Smale systems. Next, we define the escapability for singular structures of the weak Lyapunov function. If all singular structures are escapable, then the Morse-Smale system is a globally asymptotically stabilizable one. Finally, we present the method of constructing a set of weak control-Lyapunov functions to achieve global stabilization. The method is described in terms of a recursive sequence of singular structures. We call the sequence a weak Lyapunov filtration.

关键词： nonlinear systems Lyapunov functions iterative modeling and control design

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Proposal for artificial bone formation using powder-layered manufacturing: Surface and internal chemical composition of formed artificial bone

Transactions of Japanese Society for Medical and Biological ...

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Transactions of Japanese Society for Medical and Biological Engineering 2009年第4期47卷 359-365页

作者： Yamazawa, Kenji Hashizume, Daisuke Nakao, Aiko Anzai, Masahiro Narahara, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Hiroshi Rapid Engineering Team Advanced Technology Support Division Riken Japan Cooperative Support Team Advanced Technology Support Division Riken Japan Advanced Engineering Team Advanced Technology Support Division Riken Japan Department of Mechanical Information Science and Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Japan

In this study, we proposed a powder-layered manufacturing process, a type of rapid prototyping technique, to produce desired bone shapes for transplants using biomaterial powder. In the experiments, we used conventional inkjet-type equipment and orthopedic filling-paste powder (BIOPEX), mainly containing alphatribasic calcium phosphate as the forming material. To solidify the powder, we used a sodium chondroitin sulfate? dibasic sodium succinate anhydride aqueous solution as the binder liquid. This paper discusses the results of investigations on the internal and surface chemical characteristics of formed artificial bones, formed artificial bones hardened by immersion process, and paste type artificial bones used in clinical applications, to determine the suitability of the immersion conditions. The bones were immersed for five hours in immersion fluid made of water and binder liquid at 90 °C?To analyze the chemical constituent, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used. The results showed that the hydrate reaction caused by the application of the binder fluid during forming enhances hydroxyapatite (HA) concentration by about 6.5 times. With samples immersed in water, HA was found internally as well as from the surface, the quantity of which was about 80?, 11 times more than conventional paste type artificial bone. On the other hand, with the samples immersed in the binder fluid, no HA crystals were detected internally. The percentages of P and Ca present on the surface were minute. Given the high quantities of C, O, and Na present, the immersion process is thought to have formed a thin layer of binder fluid. These results from the experimental samples indicate that immersion in binder fluid which showed no problems in terms of chemistry and strength is most appropriate for clinical applications.

关键词： X ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Maximize Lifetime of Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks with Joint Coverage and Connectivity Requirement

Maximize Lifetime of Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks ...

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International Conference on Scalable Computing and Communications;International Conference on Embedded Computing, SCALCOM-EMBEDDEDCOM

作者： Yu Gu Yusheng Ji Baohua Zhao Department of Computer Science University of Science and Technology Hefei Anhui China Information Systems Architecture Science Research Division National Institute of Information Tokyo Japan

In this paper, we address the problem of lifetime maximization under coverage and connectivity requirements for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks where different targets need to be covered (sensed ) by different types of wireless sensors running at possibly different sampling rates as well as different initial energy reserve. The problem is particularly challenging since we need to consider both connectivity requirement and so-called target Q-coverage requirement, i.e., different targets may require different sensing quality in terms of the number of transducers, sampling rate, sensing data rate, etc. In this paper, we formulate a lifetime maximization problem, which is general and allows unprecedented diversity in coverage requirements, sampling rates, transmission energy consumption models, communication ranges, and target sensing ranges. Our approach is based on column generation, where a column corresponding to a feasible solution; our idea is to find a column with steepest ascent in lifetime, based on which we iteratively search for the maximum lifetime solution. Through extensive simulations, we systematically study the effect of sampling rates, transmission energy consumption models, communication ranges, and target sensing ranges on the lifetime.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Sampling methods Sensor systems Monitoring Image sensors Embedded computing Magnetic sensors Computer networks Sensor phenomena and characterization Transducers

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A Channel Aware Contention Based Forwarding Scheme in Wireless Sensor Network

A Channel Aware Contention Based Forwarding Scheme in Wirele...

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International Conference on Embedded Software and systems

作者： Xiaofang Zhou Yugui Qu Yusheng Ji Department of Electronic Engineering & Information Science University of Science and Technology Hefei Anhui China Information Systems Architecture Science Research Division National Institute of Information Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424443598

This paper presents a channel aware contention based forwarding scheme (CACF) for wireless sensor network (WSN). In order to improve the probability of correct packet transmission in wireless channel and ensuring successful contention, CACF selects the appropriate relay node by the integrated consideration of access probability, routing cost metrics and wireless channel characteristics. In the scheme, a well-defined access space mechanism (ASM) is proposed and used as criterion for relay selection during each contention round. The simulation results show that CACF achieves better network performance in terms of packet delivery ratio and improves the node efficiency consequently.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Relays Routing Costs Embedded software Paper technology information science Laboratories information systems Computer architecture

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