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HighTech and Innovation Journal 2023年第1期4卷 75-89页

作者： Karunia, R. Luki Darmawansyah, Darmawansyah Dewi, Kurnia Sari Prasetyo, Johan Hendri Doctoral Program in Applied Public Administration and Development Polytechnics of STIA LAN Jakarta Jl. Administrasi II Jakarta10260 Indonesia Jl. Swadarma Raya No.54 Jakarta12250 Indonesia Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Nusa Mandiri Jl. Jatiwaringin Raya No. 2 Jakarta13620 Indonesia

The intention of this research was to evaluate the influence of the implementation of good governance on the performance of one of the government organizations. The method used was a quantitative-descriptive with causality approach, which was then analyzed by PLS-SEM. The amount of the research sample was 303 of state civil apparatus at the Land Transportation Management Center throughout 38 provinces in Indonesia. The research findings explained that transparency has an impact on the increasing accountability and responsibility of government organizations but has no power to boost their performance. Accountability has an influence on increasing responsibility and the performance of an organization. Responsibility is also found to be effective in rebuilding the performance of government organizations. This research brings the latest issue to the surface. By linking all indicators of good governance factors, namely transparency-accountability, transparency-responsibility, and accountability-responsibility, which is rarely done in previous research that focused on the connection between good governance-performance. In addition to that, this research was also conducted at the Land Transportation Management Center throughout 38 provinces, so the level of accuracy would be high and had a huge impact on related government organizations in Indonesia. © Authors retain all copyrights.

关键词： Transparency

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Reorientation of the Community-Engaged Research in the Era of COVID-19: Innovative Strategies for Adaptive Capacity Evaluation in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

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International Journal of Qualitative Methods 2023年 22卷

作者： Phan, Loan Thi Jou, Sue-Ching Van Khanh, Duong International Doctoral Degree Program in Climate Change and Sustainable Development (IPCS) National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Texas State University Round Rock TX United States Department of Geography National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Social Work Thap University Dong Cao Lanh Viet Nam School of Social and Public Administration East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China

The implementation of Community-engaged research (CenR) has faced many challenges in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially when researchers are based in another part of the country or the world. This paper presents a researcher’s initiative for implementing CenR in partnership with local universities, particularly engaging local students to become part of the communities and bridge the gap between researchers and communities. The project aims to engage local communities working in tourism services in assessing their adaptive capacity (AC) to climate change in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). Notably, this study was conducted with the researchers being located in Taiwan while the research area was situated in the VMD. Methods used include field trips, in-depth interviews (IDIs), focus group discussions (FGDs), local workshops, and people participation geographic information system (PPGIS). Two groups of students at Kien Giang University (KGU) and Dong Thap University (DTU) (Vietnam) were involved. The article provides the process of engaging with local students, from searching and selecting them, to obtaining consents, engaging and building trust, training and guiding them in field trips, engaging with local communities, collecting and analyzing data, and developing future projects in those communities. The study offers a novel approach that can be extrapolated in the context of global system crises such as climate change, disasters, or emergency situations in remote areas that often experience limited connectivity with the outside world. By encouraging the creativity of students and researchers, this study promotes the continuity of research efforts even in times of uncertainty and crisis. © The Author(s) 2023.

关键词： adaptive capacity community-engaged research (CenR) COVID-19 pandemic Vietnamese mekong delta

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A Study on Concepts development of "Locavore" for Restaurant Managers in Taiwan

A Study on Concepts Development of "Locavore" for Restaurant...

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AHFE International Conference on Human Factors, Business Management and Society, and the AHFE International Conference on Human Factors in Management and Leadership, 2019

作者： Lin, Shao-Chieh Cheng, Jen-Son Chen, Shieh-Liang Liu, Peng-Jyun Department of Business Administration Asia University 500 Lioufeng Road Wufeng Taichung Taiwan41354 Taiwan Doctoral Program in Strategy and Development of Emerging Industries National Chi Nan University University Road Puli TaiwanNantou Hsien54561 Taiwan Department of Creative Product Design Asia University 500 Lioufeng Road Wufeng Taichung Taiwan41354 Taiwan Institute of Applied Arts National Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu Taiwan30010 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783030201531

The issues of the food safety, the increasing globalization of food production, and the perceived food risks have raised consumer’s doubt about the industrial food system and changed consumer’s purchasing habits. That is resulting in the emerging food system that food produced and consumed locally. The short supply food chain and transparent procedure could enhance food quality. The basis of the local food system is the face-to-face relationship between producers and consumers. However, there are many different concepts in the literature that explain the local food system. The purpose of this study is the concept of local food systems and ‘Local Consumption of Locally Produced, LCLP’ from the restaurant manager’s perspective. This study will conduct a review of literature related to the local food system and the ‘Locavore’, and through personal interviewing, focus groups, to understand ‘LCLP’, as well as conceptualize comprise production, consumption, and management dimensions. Findings provide the local food system and the specific approach by the ‘Locavore’ in restaurant operations strategy as a future reference for the management plan. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Managers

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Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet 2023年第10397期402卷 203-234页

作者： Ong, Kanyin Liane Stafford, Lauryn K. McLaughlin, Susan A. Boyko, Edward J. Vollset, Stein Emil Smith, Amanda E. Dalton, Bronte E. Duprey, Joe Cruz, Jessica A. Hagins, Hailey Lindstedt, Paulina A. Aali, Amirali Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abate, Melsew Dagne Abbasian, Mohammadreza Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen ElHafeez, Samar Abd Abd-Rabu, Rami Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abdullah, Abu Yousuf Md Abedi, Vida Abidi, Hassan Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Adane, Tigist Demssew Adane, Denberu Eshetie Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adegboye, Oyelola A. Adekanmbi, Victor Adepoju, Abiola Victor Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afolabi, Rotimi Felix Agarwal, Gina Aghdam, Zahra Babaei Agudelo-Botero, Marcela Arriagada, Constanza Elizabeth Aguilera Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Danish Ahmad, Rizwan Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Ali Ahmed, Luai A. Ahmed, Syed Anees Ajami, Marjan Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Al Hamad, Hanadi Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali Alalwan, Tariq A. Al-Aly, Ziyad AlBataineh, Mohammad T. Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alemi, Sharifullah Ali, Hassam Alinia, Tahereh Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almustanyir, Sami Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Firehiwot Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amiri, Sohrab Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anjana, Ranjit Mohan Ansar, Adnan Ansari, Golnoosh Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Areda, Demelash Arifin, Hidayat Arkew, Mesay Armocida, Benedetta Arnlov, Johan Artamonov, Anton A. Arulappan, Judie Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Arumugam, Ashokan Aryan, Zahra Asemu, Mulu Tiruneh Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad Askari, Elaheh Asmelash, Daniel Astell-Burt, Thomas Athar, Mohammad Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Avila-Burgos, Leticia Awaisu, Ahmed Azadnajafabad, Sina Darshan, B.B. Babamohamadi, Hassan Badar, Muhammad Badawi, Alaa Badiye, Ashish D. Baghcheghi, Nayereh Baghe Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation School of Medicine General Medicine Service Department of Veterans Affairs Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine France Department of Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement Aleta Wondo Hospital Aleta Wondo Ethiopia Department of Nursing Woldia University Woldia Ethiopia Department of Nursing Department of Orthopedic Surgery Orthopaedic Surgery Social Determinants of Health Research Center Non-communicable Diseases Research Center Epidemiology Department Evidence-Based Practice Center Community and Maternity Nursing Unit University of Duhok Duhok Iraq School of Planning Faculty of Environment Department of Public Health Sciences Penn State College of Medicine Pennsylvania State University Hershey PA United States Biocomplexity Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA United States College of Medicine Department of Public Health Laboratory Technology Sciences Department Department of Family and Community Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Clinical Sciences Department Department of Surgery Department of Surgery Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Memphis TN United States Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Department of Clinical and Psychosocial Epidemiology Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Centre for Social Research in Health Quality and Systems Performance Unit Cancer Institute NSW Sydney NSW Australia Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine HIV and Infectious Diseases Department Jhpiego Abuja Nigeria Adolescent Research and Care Department Adolescent Friendly Research Initiative and Care Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Epidemiology Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Department of Family Medicine McMaster University

Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021, the proportion of the type 2 diabetes burden attributable to selected risk factors, and projections of diabetes prevalence through 2050. Methods: Estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden were computed in 204 countries and territories, across 25 age groups, for males and females separately and combined;these estimates comprised lost years of healthy life, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs;defined as the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]). We used the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) approach to estimate deaths due to diabetes, incorporating 25 666 location-years of data from vital registration and verbal autopsy reports in separate total (including both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and type-specific models. Other forms of diabetes, including gestational and monogenic diabetes, were not explicitly modelled. Total and type 1 diabetes prevalence was estimated by use of a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, to analyse 1527 location-years of data from the scientific literature, survey microdata, and insurance claims;type 2 diabetes estimates were computed by subtracting type 1 diabetes from total estimates. Mortality and prevalence estimates, along with standard life expectancy and disability weights, were used to calculate YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. When appropriate, we extrapolated estimates to a hypothetical population with a standardised age structure to allow comparison in populations with different age structures. We used the comparative r

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African leadership in brain diplomacy: The Yaoundé declaration advances the global brain economy playbook for better brain health

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Neuroscience 2025年 577卷 161-174页

作者： Njamnshi, Alfred Kongnyu Fame Ndongo, Jacques Ngoh Ngoh, Ferdinand Mbella Mbella, Lejeune Ghogomu, Paul M. Fouda, Séraphin M. Ondoa Obama, Marie-Thérèse A. Tchuinte, Madeleine Ousmane Mey, Alamine Manaouda, Malachie Beti Assomo, Joseph Sadi, René E. Motaze, Louis-Paul Nganou Djoumessi, Emmanuel Li Likeng, Minette Libom Nalova Lyonga, Pauline E. Etoundi Ngoa, Laurent S. Foutsou, Mounouna Mouelle Kombi, Narcisse Tchiroma, Bakary Issa Owona, Grégoire Ayissi, Henri Eyebe Balungeli, Confiance Ebune Hele, Pierre Fuh, Calistus G. Fomundam Mbah Acha, Rose N. Bidoung Kpwatt, Pierre I. Mbayu, Felix Tasong, Paul N. Momo, Jean de Dieu Doh, Jérôme P. Bayaola, Boniface Kilo, Vivian A. Abouem à Tchoyi, David Njeuma, Dorothy L. Tamfu, Simon F. Angwafo III, Fru F. Chumbow, Sammy B. Etoua, Remy M. Omgba, Richard L. Ngomo Manga, Horace Tsafack Nanfosso, Roger Chan, Andrew Etoa, François-Xavier Zambo, Joseph Marie B. Mah, Evelyn M. Tommo Monthe, Michel Eheth, Salomon Monono, Churchill Biffot, Paul P. Gabsa, Wilfred Cheka, Cosmas Echu, George Bella, Achille E. Njock, Louis Richard Fongod, Augustina G.N. Ndongo, Daniel U. Leke, Rose F.G. Pondi, Jean E. Fieggen, Graham Shehu, Bello B. Ayadi, Rym Merali, Zul Yusuf, Sadiq Apeagyei, Angela Esi Ranchod, Kirti Salama, Mohamed Atangana, Abdon Ngokeu, Eddy Ndifon, Wilfred Tiahou, Georges Tchoua, Romain Korsten, Lise Ibanez, Agustin Singh, Gagandeep Abdullah, Jafri M. Dhamija, Rajinder K. Ihunwo, Amadi O. Mbarika, Victor W.A. Mbah, David Njamnshi, Wepnyu Y. Ngarka, Leonard Ahidjo, Nene Njitung, Caleb Siewe Fodjo, Joseph N. Seke Etet, Paul F. Tsiagadigui, Jean Gustave Bissek, Anne-Cécile Z.K. Bella, Assumpta L. Mbanya, Jean Claude Ndjolo, Alexis Djientcheu, Vincent de Paul Ntone, Felicien E. Luma, Henry N. Mboudou, Emile Kasia, Jean Marie Leke, Robert J.I. Um Meka, Esther Ngo Ashuntantang, Gloria Ngaroua Bum, Elizabeth Ngo Njoya, Oudou Mbacham, Wilfred F. Ongolo-Zogo, Pierre Chabwine, Joelle N. Fongang, Bernard Vulliemoz, Serge Perrig, Stephen Sztajzel, Roman Annoni, Jean Marie Chakraborty, Sar Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN) Cameroon & Geneva Switzerland Society of Cameroonian Neurologists (SCAN) The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon World Federation of Neurology Delegate for Cameroon Cameroon Office of the Minister of State Minister of Higher Education Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of State Secretary General Presidency of The Republic of Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of External Relations Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister i/c of Special Duties Presidency of The Republic of Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister Secretary General Prime Minister's Office Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of Women's Empowerment and the Family Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of Scientific Research and Innovation Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of the Economy Planning and Regional Development Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of Public Health Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister Delegate i/c of Defense Presidency of The Republic of Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Communication Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Finance Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Public Works Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Post and Telecommunication Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Secondary Education Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Basic Education Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Youth and Civic Education Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Sports and Physical Education Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Professional Training Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Employment and Social Security Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of State Property and Land Tenure Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister Director of Cabinet Prime Minister's Office Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Environment Nature Protection and Sustainable Development Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Mines Energy and Technological Development

Africa, the world's second-largest continent is home to 1.5 billion people, accounting for nearly 20% of the global population, (60% under age 25). By 2050, Africa's population will be 2.5 billion, and by 2035, more young Africans will be entering the workforce each year than in the rest of the world combined. Africa also hosts a rich social, cultural, and geopolitical diversity across its 5 geopolitical zones covering 54 countries. It is the most genetically, culturally, and linguistically diverse region on the planet. However, Africa's contribution to the global economy could be more significant if it urgently embraces the brain economy and leads in the development of new methodologies and approaches which can be exported around the world. In this paper, we explain our strategy to advance the Yaoundé Declaration for the Brain Economy, Brain Health, and Brain Capital. The Declaration has been endorsed by Cameroon's President, His Excellency Paul Biya, and demonstrates African leadership in global brain and society innovations, laying out a roadmap for how Africa can outcompete other economies by deftly deploying brain science-inspired policies and investments. We outline a new economic approach for African jobs, economic growth, sustainability, resilience, health, and well-being. The brain economy offers a broader framework than the current sustainable development goals (SDG) agenda. The Yaoundé Declaration is trans-disciplinary and cross-cutting across sectors: 32 sitting members of government from different sectors having co-authored this paper. It aligns with many aspects of the United Nations Pact for the Future and can accelerate the SDG. © 2025

关键词： Brain capital Brain economy Brain Health Green, digital care and bioeconomy transitions Neurodiplomacy Policy

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The 2021 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: code red for a healthy future (vol 398, pg 1619, 2021)

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LANCET 2021年第10317期398卷 2148-2148页

作者： Romanello, M. McGushin, A. Di Napoli, C. [a]Institute for Global Health University College London London UK [b]Institute for Sustainable Resources University College London London UK [c]UCL Energy Institute University College London London UK [d]Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering University College London London UK [e]Department of Geography University College London London UK [f]The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College London London UK [g]Centre for Human Health and Performance University College London London UK [h]School of Agriculture Policy and Development University of Reading Reading UK [i]Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK [j]The Walker Institute University of Reading Reading UK [k]Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK [l]Institute for Environment and Human Security United Nations University Bonn Germany [m]Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK [n]Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK [o]Department of Public Health Environments and Society London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK [p]Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China [q]Department of Environment Climate Change and Health World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland [r]Institute for Environmental Sciences World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland [s]Centre for Climate Change and Social Transformations School of Psychology Cardiff University Cardiff UK [t]Yale Center on Climate Change and Health Yale University New Haven CT USA [u]School of Government University of Birmingham Birmingham UK [v]Economic analysis of Climate Impacts and Policy Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Venice Italy [w]Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich London UK [x]Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA USA [y]Centre for He

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Global, regional, and national burden of asthma and atopic dermatitis, 1990–2021, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2025年第5期13卷 425-446页

作者： Oh, Jiyeon Kim, Soeun Kim, Min Seo Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abd ElHafeez, Samar Abdelkader, Atef Abdi, Parsa Abdulah, Deldar Morad Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abtahi, Dariush Abualruz, Hasan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Aburuz, Salahdein Adane, Mesafint Molla Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adeleke, Olumide Thomas Aden, Bashir Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adra, Saryia Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Tauseef Ahmadi, Ali Ahmed, Syed Anees Al Awaidy, Salah Al Bakour, Mohamad Anas Alam, Khurshid Albashtawy, Mohammed Al-Eyadhy, Ayman Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Naji Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Al-Jabi, Samah W. Alqahtani, Jaber S. AlQudah, Mohammad Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Alshahrani, Najim Z. Altaany, Zaid Altaf, Awais Al-Tammemi, Alaa B. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Alwafi, Hassan Al-Wardat, Mohammad Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed Aly, Hany Alyahya, Mohammad Sharif Ibrahim Alzoubi, Karem H. Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi Ansar, Adnan Anuoluwa, Boluwatife Stephen Anuoluwa, Iyadunni Adesola Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Areda, Demelash Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad Ashraf, Tahira Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Aujayeb, Avinash Ayana, Lemessa Assefa A. Aziz, Shahkaar Azzam, Ahmed Y. Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat Barrow, Amadou Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Batra, Kavita Behera, Priyamadhaba Behzadi, Payam Bell, Michelle L. Beneke, Alice A. Berhie, Alemshet Yirga Beyene, Kebede A. Bhattacharjee, Priyadarshini Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi Bouaoud, Souad Bustanji, Yasser Butt, Nadeem Shafique Camargos, Paulo Cámera, Luis Alberto Carugno, Andrea Cenderadewi, Muthia Cerrai, Sonia Chakraborty, Sandip Chan, Jeffrey Shi Kai Chandika, Rama Mohan Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chaudhary, Anis Ahmad Cheng, Esther T. W. Chichagi, Fatemeh Chimoriya, Ritesh Ching, Patrick R. Chirinos-Caceres, Jesus Lorenzo Chong, Yuen Yu Chopra, Hitesh Chu, Dinh-Toi Corlateanu, Alexandru Cruz-Martins, Natalia da Silva, Alanna Gomes Dababo, Nour Dadras, Omid Dai, Xiaochen Damiani Department of Medicine Kyung Hee University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea Center for Digital Health Kyung Hee University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA United States Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA United States Department of Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement Aleta Wondo General Hospital Aleta Wondo Ethiopia Department of Epidemiology Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Department of Mathematics and Sciences Ajman University Ajman United Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Memorial University St John's NL Canada Community and Maternity Nursing Unit University of Duhok Duhok Iraq Department of Family and Community Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Department of Anesthesiology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Nursing Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan Amman Jordan Department of Clinical Sciences Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy University of Jordan Amman Jordan College of Pharmacy University of Jordan Amman Jordan Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Al Ain United Arab Emirates College of Medicine and Health Sciences Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia School of Medicine University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Centre for Social Research in Health University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Department of Family Medicine Bowen University Iwo Nigeria Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso Nigeria United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates Institute of Public Health Walden University Al Ain United Arab Emirates Department of Public Health Padjadjaran University (Universitas Padjadjaran) Bandung Indonesia Clinical Sciences Department Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department

Background: Asthma and atopic dermatitis are common allergic conditions that contribute to substantial health loss, economic burden, and pain across individuals of all ages worldwide. Therefore, as a component of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, we present updated estimates of the prevalence, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), incidence, and deaths due to asthma and atopic dermatitis and the burden attributable to modifiable risk factors, with forecasted prevalence up to 2050. Methods: Asthma and atopic dermatitis prevalence, incidence, DALYs, and mortality, with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), were estimated for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. A systematic review identified data from 389 sources for asthma and 316 for atopic dermatitis, which were further pooled using the Bayesian meta-regression tool. We also described the age-standardised DALY rates of asthma attributable to four modifiable risk factors: high BMI, occupational asthmagens, smoking, and nitrogen dioxide pollution. Furthermore, as a secondary analysis, prevalence was forecasted to 2050 using the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), air pollution, and smoking as predictors for asthma and atopic dermatitis. To assess trends in the burden of asthma and atopic dermatitis before (2010–19) and during (2019–21) the COVID-19 pandemic, we compared their average annual percentage changes (AAPCs). Findings: In 2021, there were an estimated 260 million (95% UI 227–298) individuals with asthma and 129 million (124–134) individuals with atopic dermatitis worldwide. Asthma cases declined from 287 million (250–331) in 1990 to 238 million (209–272) in 2005 but increased to 260 million in 2021. Atopic dermatitis cases consistently rose from 107 million (103–112) in 1990 to 129 million (124–134) in 2021. However, age-standardised prevalence rates decreased—by 40·0% (from 5568·3 per 100 000 to 3340·1 per 100 000) for asthma and 8·3% (from 1885·4

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Intentions to be Vaccinated Against COVID-19: The Role of Prosociality and Conspiracy Beliefs across 20 Countries

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Health Communication 2023年第8期38卷 1530-1539页

作者： Enea, Violeta Eisenbeck, Nikolett Carreno, David F. Douglas, Karen M. Sutton, Robbie M. Agostini, Maximilian Bélanger, Jocelyn J. Gützkow, Ben Kreienkamp, Jannis Abakoumkin, Georgios Abdul Khaiyom, Jamilah Hanum Ahmedi, Vjollca Akkas, Handan Almenara, Carlos A. Atta, Mohsin Bagci, Sabahat Cigdem Basel, Sima Berisha Kida, Edona Bernardo, Allan B. I. Buttrick, Nicholas R. Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit Choi, Hoon-Seok Cristea, Mioara Csaba, Sára Damnjanovic, Kaja Danyliuk, Ivan Dash, Arobindu Di Santo, Daniela Faller, Daiane Gracieli Fitzsimons, Gavan Gheorghiu, Alexandra Gómez, Ángel Grzymala-Moszczynska, Joanna Hamaidia, Ali Han, Qing Helmy, Mai Hudiyana, Joevarian Jeronimus, Bertus F. Jiang, Ding-Yu Jovanović, Veljko Kamenov, Željka Kende, Anna Keng, Shian-Ling Kieu, Tra Thi Thanh Koc, Yasin Kovyazina, Kamila Kozytska, Inna Krause, Joshua Kruglanski, Arie W. Kurapov, Anton Kutlaca, Maja Lantos, Nóra Anna Lemay, Edward P. Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Louis, Winnifred R. Lueders, Adrian Malik, Najma Iqbal Martinez, Anton McCabe, Kira O. Mehulić, Jasmina Milla, Mirra Noor Mohammed, Idris Molinario, Erica Moyano, Manuel Muhammad, Hayat Mula, Silvana Muluk, Hamdi Myroniuk, Solomiia Najafi, Reza Nisa, Claudia F. Nyúl, Boglárka O’Keefe, Paul A. Osuna, Jose Javier Olivas Osin, Evgeny N. Park, Joonha Pica, Gennaro Pierro, Antonio Rees, Jonas Reitsema, Anne Margit Resta, Elena Rullo, Marika Ryan, Michelle K. Samekin, Adil Santtila, Pekka Sasin, Edyta Schumpe, Birga M. Selim, Heyla A. Stanton, Michael Vicente Sultana, Samiah Tseliou, Eleftheria Utsugi, Akira van Breen, Jolien Anne Van Lissa, Caspar J. Van Veen, Kees vanDellen, Michelle R. Vázquez, Alexandra Wollast, Robin Yeung, Victoria Wai-Lan Zand, Somayeh Žeželj, Iris Lav Zheng, Bang Zick, Andreas Zúñiga, Claudia Leander, N. Pontus Department of Psychology Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Iasi Romania Department of Personality Evaluation andPsychological Treatment Faculty of Psychology University of Seville Spain Department of Psychology Universidad de Almería Spain School of Psychology University of Kent United Kingdom Department of Psychology University of Groningen Netherlands Department of Psychology New York University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Laboratory of Psychology Department of Early Childhood Education University of Thessaly Greece Department of Psychology International Islamic University Malaysia Department of Pedagogy Pristine University United States Business Administration Dept Ankara Science University Turkey Faculty of Health Science Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas Peru Department of Psychology University of Sargodha Pakistan Department of Psychology Sabanci University Turkey Department of Social Sciences New York University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Psychology De La Salle University Philippines Department of Psychology University of Virginia United States Department of Psychology Thammasat University Thailand Department of Psychology Sungkyunkwan University South Korea Department of Psychology Heriot Watt University United Kingdom Doctoral School of Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Hungary Department of Psychology University of Belgrade Serbia Department of Psychology Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Ukraine Institute of Management and Organization Leuphana University of Luneburg Germany Department of Social and Developmental Psychology University “La Sapienza” Rome Italy Tropical Marine Science Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Marketing and Psychology Duke University United States Center for European Studies Faculty of Law Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Romania Social and Organizational Psychology Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia Romania Institute of Psychology Jagiellonian U

Understanding the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake is important to inform policy decisions and plan vaccination campaigns. The aims of this research were to: (1) explore the individual- and country-level determinants of intentions to be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, and (2) examine worldwide variation in vaccination intentions. This cross-sectional online survey was conducted during the first wave of the pandemic, involving 6697 respondents across 20 countries. Results showed that 72.9% of participants reported positive intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19, whereas 16.8% were undecided, and 10.3% reported they would not be vaccinated. At the individual level, prosociality was a significant positive predictor of vaccination intentions, whereas generic beliefs in conspiracy theories and religiosity were negative predictors. Country-level determinants, including cultural dimensions of individualism/collectivism and power distance, were not significant predictors of vaccination intentions. Altogether, this study identifies individual-level predictors that are common across multiple countries, provides further evidence on the importance of combating conspiracy theories, involving religious institutions in vaccination campaigns, and stimulating prosocial motives to encourage vaccine uptake. © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

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The overlapping burden of the three leading causes of disability and death in sub-Saharan African children

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Nature Communications 2022年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Reiner, Robert C. Welgan, Catherine A. Troeger, Christopher E. Baumann, Mathew M. Weiss, Daniel J. Deshpande, Aniruddha Blacker, Brigette F. Miller-Petrie, Molly K. Earl, Lucas Bhatt, Samir Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Aghaali, Mohammad Aji, Budi Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Saqib Alizade, Hesam Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almasi-Hashiani, Amir Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Azmeraw T. Amini, Saeed Amugsi, Dickson A. Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Ansari, Fereshteh Anvari, Davood Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Atout, Maha Moh’d Wahbi Ausloos, Marcel Ausloos, Floriane Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Badawi, Alaa Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Bedi, Neeraj Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhandari, Dinesh Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bijani, Ali Birhanu, Tesega Tesega Mengistu Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Butt, Zahid A. Car, Josip Carvalho, Felix Casey, Daniel C. Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Coelho, Camila H. Cook, Aubrey J. Damiani, Giovanni Daoud, Farah Gela, Jiregna Darega Darwish, Amira Hamed Daryani, Ahmad Das, Jai K. Davis Weaver, Nicole Deribe, Kebede Desalew, Assefa Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Dorostkar, Fariba Dubljanin, Eleonora Duko, Bereket Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura Effiong, Andem El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa El Tantawi, Maha Enany, Shymaa Fattahi, Nazir Feigin, Valery L. Fernandes, Eduarda Ferrara, Pietro Fischer, Florian Foigt, Nataliya A. Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin Foroutan, Masoud Frostad, Joseph Jon Fukumoto, Takeshi Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji Gebrekrstos, Hailemikael Gebrekidan G. K. Gebremeskel, Leake Gebreslassie, Assefa Ayalew Gething, Peter W. Gezae, Kebede Embaye Ghadiri, Keyghobad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Golechha, Mahaveer Gubar Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Berhan Ethiopia Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Population Health Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Qom University of Medical Sciences Qom Iran Faculty of Medicine and Public Health Jenderal Soedirman University Purwokerto Indonesia Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Clinical Epidemiology Center Department of Veterans Affairs St Louis MO United States Institute of Health Research University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Information Systems College of Economics and Political Science Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran Department of Health Policy and Management Kuwait University Safat Kuwait International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding National University of Malaysia Bandar Tun Razak Malaysia Department of Epidemiology Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran Medical Research Center

Despite substantial declines since 2000, lower respiratory infections (LRIs), diarrhoeal diseases, and malaria remain among the leading causes of nonfatal and fatal disease burden for children under 5 years of age (under 5), primarily in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The spatial burden of each of these diseases has been estimated subnationally across SSA, yet no prior analyses have examined the pattern of their combined burden. Here we synthesise subnational estimates of the burden of LRIs, diarrhoea, and malaria in children under-5 from 2000 to 2017 for 43 sub-Saharan countries. Some units faced a relatively equal burden from each of the three diseases, while others had one or two dominant sources of unit-level burden, with no consistent pattern geographically across the entire subcontinent. Using a subnational counterfactual analysis, we show that nearly 300 million DALYs could have been averted since 2000 by raising all units to their national average. Our findings are directly relevant for decision-makers in determining which and targeting where the most appropriate interventions are for increasing child survival. © 2022, The Author(s).

关键词： Biogeography Epidemiology Infectious diseases Malaria

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Are Gene–Environment Interactions Underpinning the development of Creative Polymathy?

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Interchange 2018年第3期49卷 343-352页

作者： Zeidán-Chuliá, Fares Argou-Cardozo, Isadora Finnish Doctoral Program in Oral Sciences (FINDOS) Department of Periodontology Faculty of Medicine Institute of Dentistry University of Turku Lemminkäisenkatu 2 Turku 20520 Finland Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas Básicas Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud Universidad Europea de Madrid Villaviciosa de Odón 28670 Spain Specialization Course in Public Management and Regional Development Faculty of Administration and Tourism Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) Pelotas RS Brazil

The term “polymath” refers to a person whose expertise approaches different subject areas, to rely on complex packages of knowledge for solving problems. Famous polymaths from history include Galileo Galilei, Leonardo da Vinci, Mozart, and Albert Einstein;individuals that have impacted science, arts, humanities, and our society for centuries. However, from a neuropsychological point of view and social perspective, it is unclear whether these gifted subjects developed their abilities because of inherited neurobiological or anatomical differences when compared to average people, or their skills and functional advantages were a result of specific environmental factors or stimulus inducing brain plasticity changes that reflect in cognitive improvements. In this discussion report, we present literature evidence from basic health sciences supporting the hypothesis that polymaths may be “born” based on their individual genetic characteristics but also “trained” by surrounding environmental factors or stimulus. At the functional level, polymaths may have a number advantages regarding creativity, resilience, and versatility. Since educational strategies are nowadays more focused on specialization rather than developing multidisciplinary professionals for the future, one could speculate whether these conventional approaches should be updated to stimulate polymathy in future generations. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Connectivity Creativity Education Innovation Intellectual ability Intellectual performance Plasticity Polymathy Resilience Stimulus Versatility

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