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Urban forests for sustainable urban development

AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1903卷

作者： Denny M. Sundara Djoko M. Hartono Emirhadi Suganda Herman Haeruman J. S. 1Doctoral Student at Environmental Science Program University of Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya no. 4 Jakarta-10430 Indonesia 2Faculty of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering University of Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 3Faculty of Engineering Department of Architecture Engineering University of Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 4Environmental Science Program University of Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya no. 4 Jakarta-10430 Indonesia

This paper explores the development of the urban forest in East Jakarta. By 2030 Jakarta area has a target of 30% green area covering 19,845 hectares, including urban forest covering an area of 4,631 hectares. In 2015, the city forest is only 646 hectares, while the city requires 3,985 hectares of new land Urban forest growth from year to year showed a marked decrease with increasing land area awoke to commercial functions, environmental conditions encourage the development of the city to become unsustainable. This research aims to support sustainable urban development and ecological balance through the revitalization of green areas and urban development. Analytical methods for urban forest area is calculated based on the amount of CO2 that comes from people, vehicles, and industrial. Urban spatial analysis based on satellite image data, using a GIS program is an analysis tool to determine the distribution and growth patterns of green areas. This paper uses a dynamic system model to simulate the conditions of the region against intervention to be performed on potential areas for development of urban forests. The result is a model urban forest area is integrated with a social and economic function to encourage the development of sustainable cities.

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The analysis of thermal performance of vernacular building envelopes in tropical high lands using Ecotect

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期423卷

作者： Hermawan Sunaryo A Kholil Department of Architecture Qur'anic Science University Jl. Hasyim Asy'ari Km.03 Wonosobo 56351 Indonesia Doctoral Program in Architecture Diponegoro University Jl. Prof Sudarto Semarang 50275 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Qur'anic Science University Jl. Hasyim Asy'ari Km.03 Wonosobo 56351 Indonesia Department of Post Graduate Qur'anic Science University Jl. Hasyim Asy'ari Km.03 Wonosobo 56351 Indonesia

Climate change affects all areas, including those with low temperature. Wonosobo belongs to highland areas with low temperature. The thermal performance of buildings is influenced by micro-environment climate so that the climate change will affect the thermal performance of buildings. Vernacular buildings are believed to be able to make the occupants comfortable. The vernacular buildings in tropical highlands have either exposed stone walls or wooden walls. The present research seeks to analyze the thermal performance of building envelopes with wooden walls and exposed stone walls in highland areas. Simulation method using the Ecotect software was applied. There are 12 building models with a variety of roofing and flooring were selected. The results of the simulation indicate that the difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures of one model and other models is not significant. Warm temperature mostly occurs in houses with exposed stone walls. Highland areas need much warmth so that cold temperature will not disturb occupants.

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A thermal performance comparison of residential envelopes at the tropical highland for occupants' thermal comfort

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期200卷

作者： Hermawan Sunaryo A Kholil Department of Architecture Qur'anic Science Kalibeber Street KM.03 Wonosobo 56351 Indonesia Doctoral Program inArchitecture Diponegoro University Prof Sudarto Street Semarang 50275 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Qur'anic Science Kalibeber Street KM.03 Wonosobo 56351 Indonesia Department of Postgraduate Qur'anic Science Kalibeber Street KM.03 Wonosobo 56351 Indonesia

Climate change affects the thermal performance of buildings. A building's thermal performance is influenced by its envelopes, such as roof, wall, and floor. A different building envelope may create a different thermal condition which may also influence its occupants' comfort. This research aims at analyzing the residential thermal performance at the tropical highland areas by examining the deviation between the outer and inner space's air temperature and humidity. The research employed a quantitative method by measuring the air temperature and humidity for 24 hours which were recorded every one hour. There were 15 houses with various building envelope materials as the samples. Since highland has colder air temperature, the differences between thermal variables of the outer and inner space's of the residentials were observed to figure out the longest warming. The warming process is associated with the occupants' thermal comfort standards. The results showed there are two types of residential producing the longest warming (23 hours) which in accordance with the occupants' thermal comfort standards. The first type is the house enveloped with roof tiles, wooden walls, and an earthen floor, while the second one is a residential house enveloped with a zinc roof, exposed stone walls, and an earthen floor.

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Addressing the challenges posed by energy poverty in Latin American countries

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DISCOVER SUSTAINABILITY 2024年第1期5卷 262页

作者： Leal Filho, Walter Begum, Halima Anholon, Rosley Quelhas, Osvaldo Rampasso, Izabela Sharifi, Ayyoob Guerra, Jose Baltazar Salgueirinho Osorio de Andrade Gatto, Andrea Lovett, Matthew Velazquez, Luis Munoz, Pastor David Chavez Alam, A. S. A. Ferdous Brandli, Luciana Salvia, Amanda Lange Amaro, Nelson Eustachio, Joao Henrique Paulino Pires Hamburg Univ Appl Sci European Sch Sustainabil Sci & Res Hamburg Germany Manchester Metropolitan Univ Dept Nat Sci Chester St Manchester M1 5GD England Univ Utara Malaysia Sch Econ Finance & Banking Sintok 06010 Kedah Malaysia Azerbaijan State Univ Econ UNEC Ctr Studies European Econ Istiqlaliyyet Ave 7 Baku 1007 Azerbaijan Univ Estadual Campinas Sch Mech Engn Mendeleyev St BR-200 Campinas Brazil Fed Fluminense Univ Master Program Management Syst Passo da Patria St 156 Niteroi Brazil Fed Fluminense Univ Doctoral Program Sustainable Management Syst Passo da Patria St 156 Niteroi Brazil Univ Catolica Norte Dept Ingn Ind Antofagasta Chile Hiroshima Univ IDEC Inst Higashihiroshima 7398530 Japan Lebanese Amer Univ Sch Architecture & Design Beirut Lebanon Univ Southern Santa Catarina UNISUL Ctr Sustainable Dev GREENS Tubarao Brazil Univ Cambridge Cambridge Ctr Environm Energy & Nat Resource Gover CEENRG Cambridge England Wenzhou Kean Univ Coll Business & Publ Management Wenzhou 325060 Zhejiang Provin Peoples R China Azerbaijan State Univ Econ UNEC Ctr Studies Europe Baku Azerbaijan Korea Univ Coll Int Studies Div Int Studies 145 Anam Ro Seoul 02841 South Korea Univ Gloucestershire BV205 Pk Campus Pk Cheltenham GL50 2RH England Univ Sonora Ind Engn Hermosillo Mexico Pontificia Univ Catolica Peru Dept Engn GTR PUCP 1801 Ave Univ San Miguel Lima 15088 Peru Univ Utara Malaysia Sch Business Management Sintok 06010 Kedah Malaysia Univ Passo Fundo Grad Program Civil & Environm Engn Campus 1 BR 285 BR-99052900 Sao Jose RS Brazil Hamburg Univ Appl Sci Res & Transfer Ctr Sustainable Dev & Climate Chang Ulmenliet 20 D-21033 Hamburg Germany Univ Galileo 7a AveCalle Dr Eduardo Suger CofinoZona 10 Guatemala City Guatemala Univ Algarve Fac Econ P-8005139 Faro Portugal

Many of the energy systems functioning across the developing world are poorly designed and largely inadequate to meet a country's commercial and domestic energy needs. This is especially so in Latin America, where poverty trends have been exacerbated by limited access to energy, which could be used towards supporting industrial and small-scale commercial activities. This has characterised the widespread trend of energy poverty. This phenomenon poses a major barrier towards achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and addressing climate change, since lack of access to reliable energy generation systems hinders the development of economic activities and limits the comfort of living conditions. This paper reports on a study aimed at catering to a better understanding of the challenges related to energy poverty in Latin America and identifying some of the tools that may be deployed to address them. The methodological procedures used were bibliometric analysis and survey. The main findings of this research evidence that reducing energy poverty in Latin American countries is crucial to alleviating household costs since a considerable part of family income is used to pay the energy needs. Less use of coal, greater access to electricity-including those from renewable generation-as well as the use of technologies and programs subsidized by governments would significantly contribute to increasing the Latin American citizens' quality of life and achieving the SDGs.

关键词： Energy development Energy poverty Posed challenges Bibliometric analysis Survey Latin America

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Comparison of the energy demand with the envelope limitations of the performance normative of Brazil and Spain

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2928卷

作者： Letiane Benincá Claudia Glitzenhirn Ana Carolina Passuello Eva Crespo Sánchez José María González Barroso Doctoral degree in Architectural Building Construction and Urbanism Architecture Technology Department Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Av. Diagonal 649 08028 Barcelona Spain Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering: Construction and Infrastructure Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Av. Osvaldo Aranha 99 90035-190 Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Rua Sarmento Leite 320 99050-170 Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil

Buildings consume 42.6% of the electricity generated in Brazil, and the residential sector is responsible for 21,4% of that amount, in other words, almost a quarter of the generated electricity. Add to this fact, the housing deficit was almost 6 million in 2019 in the country. The purpose of this article is to analyze the results of the heating and cooling demand of a social residential building designed in an H shape, in Passo Fundo, in southern Brazil, from the perspective of the thermal transmittance limitation of the Brazilian normative (NBR 15575) and the Spanish Technical Code (CTE). The main objective is to verify and analyze the existing differences and potentials in the comparison between the regulations, evaluating the thermal envelope of a typical social housing building. The method used to obtain results was a computer simulation, using EnergyPlus software as an energy calculation engine and Sketchup 2017 for the modeling, with the Euclid plugin, which directly sends data to the energy simulation program. The building was simulated with climate data from the city of Passo Fundo, belonging to the Brazilian Bioclimatic Zone 2 (BZ2), and was compared to the transmittance level required for the D1 climate of Spain, as required by the CTE. Finally, it is possible to evidence that there is a decrease in the building’s energy demand as thermal insulation is incorporated into the walls and roof, to reach the strictest standard requirement levels. This article intends to show the potential for improvement in Brazilian regulations and the path to be followed concerning energy improvement in buildings.

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Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 2007年第9期47卷

作者： James W Varni PhD Tasha M Burwinkle PhD Sandra A Sherman MS Kanela Hanna Susan J Berrin Vanessa L Malcarne PhD Henry G Chambers MD Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning College of Architecture Texas A&M University College Station Texas Department of Anesthesiology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA. SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology San Diego State University/University of California San Diego California USA. UCLA Master of Social Welfare Program University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA. SDSU Master of Arts Program in Psychology University of California San Diego San Diego California USA. Department of Psychology San Diego State University San Diego California USA. Motion Analysis Laboratory Children's Hospital and Health Center Department of Orthopedics School of Medicine University of California San Diego San Diego California USA.

The aim of the study was to determine whether pediatric patients with cerebral palsy (CP; 24.3% hemiplegic, 30.4% diplegic, 38.5% quadriplegic) can self-report their health-related quality of life (HRQOL) with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0) Generic Core Scales. The PedsQL was administered to 148 families (84 males, 64 females; mean 10y, SD 3y 9mo, range 5 to 18y) recruited from a children's hospital clinic and state medical therapy clinics. Sixty-nine children (47%) were able to self-report. Children with CP self-reported a significantly lower HRQOL (mean 65.9) than healthy children (mean 83.8). Children with CP self-reported a similar HRQOL to pediatric cancer patients receiving treatment (mean 68.9). Children diagnosed with quadriplegia (mean 49.4) self-reported more impaired HRQOL than children with diplegia (mean 69.1) and hemiplegia (mean 72.4). Parent-child concordance was lowest for emotional functioning. Providers and parents should obtain the children's HRQOL perceptions whenever possible.

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Knowledge, Awareness, and Resilience of Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Risk Reduction in Coastal Area

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1811卷

作者： Rr M I Retno Susilorini Rina Febrina Helmia Adita Fitra Juniastel Rajagukguk Dhiyan Krishna Wardhani B Y Arya Wastanimpuna Laurel Lia Nola Prameswari Department of Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang 50234 Central Java Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Malahayati University Bandar Lampung 35153 South Sumatera Indonesia Department of Regional and Urban Planning Sumatera Institute of Technology South Lampung 35365 South Sumatera Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Medan Medan 20221 North Sumatera Indonesia Doctoral Program of Digital Architecture Faculty of Architecture and Design Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang 50234 Central Java Indonesia

Indonesia is earthquake and tsunami prone areas, included Sumatera Island. Bandar Lampung is also vulnerable to earthquake and tsunami, especially Kangkung fishing village in Lampung Bay. Disaster risk reduction is very important to be implemented in the cases of earthquake and tsunami, which can save more life and build resilience in facing the hazard. This research aimed to study how the knowledge, awareness, and resilience of people in Kangkung fishing village can strengthen the earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction. This research conducted by quantitative methods. Survey and interview of 53 respondents were conducted as well as data collecting approached by purposive sampling. The results found that there is little knowledge and awareness of people in Kangkung fishing village of the hazard of earthquake and tsunami. Therefore, this research proposed a model of 'Community-Based Resilience Strategy' Model of earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction. It is a comprehensive and sustainable model of how people take a part in disaster risk reduction by intensive participatory. Conclusion of this research emphasized that disaster risk reduction is a big matter in marginalized society such as people in Kangkung fishing village. The 'Community-Based Resilience Strategy' Model of earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction that may increase the knowledge and awareness to become more resilience.

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Characterization of the mechanical vibration signals associated with unbalance and misalignment in rotating machines, using the cepstrum transformation and the principal component analysis

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2020年第1期844卷

作者： C L Sandoval-Rodriguez J G Ascanio Villabona C G Cárdenas-Arias A D Rincon-Quintero B E Tarazona-Romero Energy Systems Automation and Control Research Group (GISEAC) Design and materials research group (DIMAT) Electromechanical Engineering Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering Technological Units of Santander (UTS) Road No 9-82 students 680005 Bucaramanga Colombia. Energy in Building Research Group (ENEDI) Doctoral Program in Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Engineering and Architecture Department of Machines and Thermal Engines University of the Basque Country (UPV / EHU) Engineer Torres Quevedo Square 1 48013 Bilbao BI Spain.

In the present document, the Cepstrum transform and the analysis of principal components were used to differentiate amplitudes in the mechanical vibrations produced by unbalance and misalignment with respect to a reference group. This document requires three stages. It begins with levelling in order to establish the control group. The unbalancing was carried out with a known mass located in the two radial distances of the first and second flywheels. The misalignment was made by running the sliding supports back 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 degrees. In the second stage, Matlab algorithms were created for both cepsctrum and main component analysis. In the last stage the obtained data were analyzed identifying the differences that may exist in the analyzed records. The project focused on the use of Matlab to find differences at a frequency of 30 Hz. The results obtained made it possible to determine that it is possible to find differences with the proposed methodology.

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Manufacture of hybrid pieces using recycled R-PET, polypropylene PP and cocoa pod husks ash CPHA, by pneumatic injection controlled with LabVIEW Software and Arduino Hardware

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2020年第1期844卷

作者： A D Rincón-Quintero L A Del Portillo-Valdés A Meneses-Jacomé C G Cárdenas-Arias C L Sandoval-Rodriguez J G Ascanio-Villabona B E Tarazona-Romero J A Sandoval-Baldión J C Ortiz-Ríos R A Mantilla-Olejua Design and materials research group (DIMAT) Automation and Control Energy Systems Research Group (GISEAC) Electromechanical engineering Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering Technological Units of Santander (UTS) Calle de los estudiantes No 9-82 680005 Bucaramanga Colombia. Energy in Building research group (ENEDI) Doctoral Program in Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Engineering and Architecture Department of Machines and Thermal Engines University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Engineer Torres Quevedo Plaza 1 48013 Bilbao BI España.

The research consists of the design and automation of a pneumatic injector, applying LabVIEW software through an integrated Arduino hardware module, programming through an interface, the pressure that guarantees the geometric quality in the models obtained. The final result shows a piece designed in mass fraction with 40% polypropylene resin (PP), 40% recycled polyethylene terephthalate in the form of scales (R-PET) and 20% from cocoa pod husks ash (CPHA). Likewise, the platform allows to define and control the conditions of generation of the product, defining a pattern according to the type and the mass proportion between the resin of PP, R-PET and CPHA. In addition, the design of the mechanical and thermal elements, consisting of the piston and the system of clamp-type resistors, the pneumatic injection means and the raw material feed gate, improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the equipment.

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Development of an artificial vision system that allows non-destructive testing on flat concrete slabs for surface crack detection by processing of digital images in MATLAB

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2020年第1期844卷

作者： BE Romero-Tarazona CL Rodriguez-Sandoval JG Villabonai-Ascanio A D Rincón-Quintero Automation and Control Energy Systems Research Group (GISEAC) Design and materials research group (DIMAT) Electromechanical Engineering Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering Technological Units of Santander (UTS) Road No 9-82 students 680005 Bucaramanga Colombia. Energy in Building research group (ENEDI) Doctoral Program in Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Engineering and Architecture Department of Machines and Thermal Engines University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Engineer Torres Quevedo Plaza 1 48013 Bilbao BI España

A computing tool based on an intelligent algorithm generates new alternatives for an early crack detection on flat concrete slab in a surface testing. First, a system able to autonomously detect a surface crack, by means of a digital image processing system has been developed. This system carries on an effective selection of data by an algorism bound to a specialized MATLAB software that can assess in full detail the surface conditions of a concrete slab, and finding out any affected spot.

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