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Performance Evaluation of Pangium edule Biodiesel Developed Using Palm Kernel Shell Heterogeneous Catalyst as Alternative Fuel in Multifunction Diesel Engine 1

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4th International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in engineering, ICECME 2022

作者： Rizal, Teuku Azuar Khairil Mahidin Husin, Husni Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Samudra Meurandeh Kota Langsa24416 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Doctoral Program in Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9789819974955

ISBN: (纸本)9789819974948

The main idea of this article is to provide further knowledge related to the application of pure biodiesel in a custom power generator. Previous research has shown preliminary results regarding the potential of Pangium edule. Biodiesel as feedstock and has been tested to run a diesel engine with lower rotational speed. The biodiesel in this research has been prepared using a heterogeneous catalyst derived from a palm kernel shell impregnated with K2CO3. In this research, small alternator is driven by Yanmar TF65 R-DI multifunction diesel engine, which is easily assembled and has been utilized as a power generator to be evaluated. The engine was tested under various biodiesel blend with given load and connected to multiple instrument to record data required, i.e. engine speed (rpm), fuel flow (ml/sec), voltage (V), and current (A) readings. The data series then used to analyse the engine performances. The custom power generator has been designed to work at 5.5 kWh in prolonged operation time, suitable to supply typical household wattage in the region, ranging from 0.9 up to 3 kWh. The fuel mixtures containing 20% biodiesel, or B20, is still desirable to use in general multipurposes diesel engine. While B30 show similar potential but it does not show a similar performance as in higher rotational speed diesel power generator as demonstrated earlier. However, PE biodiesel still shows a promising performance as an alternative source of diesel engine fuel. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Diesel engines

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Single Bean Region of Interest Auto-Detection in a Coffee Beans Image Towards Thorough Quality Inspection 8

Single Bean Region of Interest Auto-Detection in a Coffee Be...

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8th International Conference on Instrumentation, Control, and Automation, ICA 2023

作者： Utomo, Gema Nuran Rakhmawati, Amalia Nadhira, Vebi Juliastuti, Endang Suprijanto, Suprijanto Institut Teknologi Bandung Master's Program in Instrumentation and Control Bandung40132 Indonesia Institut Teknologi Bandung Doctoral Program in Engineering Physics Bandung40132 Indonesia Institut Teknologi Bandung Instrumentation and Control Reaserch Group Bandung40132 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301274

Indonesia was declared the world's fourth-largest coffee bean producer in 2020 and yields consistently increase each year. Indonesia also has the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 01-2907-2008, which specifies various defects with the defect scores of coffee beans that determine their quality. Common coffee bean defects listed in SNI 01-2907-2008 include black beans, broken black beans, partly black beans, and brown coffee beans. These defects degrade the quality and affect the market value. Previous studies have proposed computer vision systems as a non-invasive testing method for grading coffee beans based on trained images. However, obtaining the detail in a single bean image based on the region of interest could have been more comprehensively explained in those studies, making them less informative and requiring a more detailed conceptual breakdown. This study describes several coffee beans captured as images using a digital camera with a specific field of view, F/25 f-number, 1/60s exposure time, ISO400, and a lighting system reaching 12,000 lux. These images are processed based on the region of interest and centroid, resulting in single bean images with a resolution of 220 x 220 pixels ready for training. The samples used in this study are Robusta Lampung coffee beans, which are commonly found in Indonesia and exhibit various types of defects based on the criteria in SNI 01-2907-2008, such as black beans, broken black beans, partly black beans, and brown coffee beans. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Defects

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The effect of Zn2+ ion substitution on nanoparticles of ZnxMn(1-X) Fe2O4 (X = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) towards signal surface plasmon resonance (SPR)

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Materials Research Innovations 2023年第6期27卷 420-428页

作者： Almi Putra, Rachmad Andi Fadlly, Teuku Asmara, Vina Monica, Desy Sartika Hijrahnisa Novia, Wina Yakob, Muhammad Indrayana, Ipt Geubrina Raszky, Rachmita Mujahid Hamdan, Abd Arfi, Febrina Rahwanto, Adi Jalil, Zulkarnain Physics Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Samudra Langsa Indonesia Doctoral Study Program School of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia Department of Physics Education Faculty of Teaching and Education Universitas Samudra Langsa Indonesia Physics Study Program Faculty of Natural Science and Engineering Technology Universitas Udayana Denpasar Indonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh Indonesia

This study examined the effect of Zn2+ ion substitution on ZnxMn(1-x) Fe2O4 nanoparticles (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) towards signal Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The co-precipitation method synthesised the nanoparticles at a temperature of 90°C. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) results showed a polycrystalline structure with a crystallite size varied from 19.05 nm to 19.77 nm. In addition, as the Zn element increased in the ZnxMn(1-x)Fe2O4 nanoparticles, the degree of crystallinity increased by 21.72%, respectively. The optical properties of the nanoparticles ZnxMn(1-x) Fe2O4 indicate absorbance at wavelengths of 330.36–331.74 nm. The absorbance level increased as the Zn element decreased, resulting a direct optical gap of 3.47 eV and an indirect optical gap of 3.23 eV. The Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) curve in the SPR biosensor indicated a shift in the reflective angle of the Prism/Au/Air configuration, which is 47.78° on Prisma/Au/nanoparticle of Zn0.8Mn0.2Fe2O4/air by 50.75°, and the prism/Au/nanoparticle of Zn0.2Mn0.8Fe2 O4/air by 51.04°. The substitution of Zn ions in the compound Zn x Mn(1-x)Fe2O4 affects the resulting ATR curve. The shift in the SPR angle is caused by changes in the refractive index in each layer which is influenced by the concentration of each material which has an impact on the absorbance ability and photon reflectance. This research has the potential to continue with the testing of dielectric and magnetic properties, as well as special testing for biological analytes compatible with ZnxMn(1-x)Fe2O4 nanoparticles. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Surface plasmon resonance

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Individual Health Profiling Using Multimodal Sensors on Smart Health Care 17

Individual Health Profiling Using Multimodal Sensors on Smar...

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17th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, and Applications, TSSA 2023

作者： Ikawati, Vidya Saepudin, Didin Susanto, Bambang Munandar, Ahmad Nurba, Hardy Purnama Prihatmanto, Ary Setijadi Doctoral Program of School of Electrical and Informatics Engineering Institute of Technology Bandung Bandung Indonesia Universitas Sangga Buana Bandung Indonesia Universitas Sangga Buana Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Bandung Indonesia School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309164

Health Service, also referred to as Health Care System, plays a pivotal role in maintaining and enhancing health by preventing illnesses and injuries. In this context, electronic health records are essential for both inpatients and outpatients, serving as a crucial tool for healthcare providers and policymakers. However, the potential of these records extends beyond individual care to support broader health policy and research initiatives. Personal Smart Health Care, an individual-based digital health technology, bridges the gap between personal health management and medical records, enabling comprehensive healthcare improvements. Smart healthcare, driven by technologies like IoT, mobile applications, cloud computing, big data, 5G, artificial intelligence, and biotechnology, offers a holistic approach to healthcare, emphasizing diagnosis, treatment, disease prevention, risk monitoring, and virtual assistance. An intelligent framework for smart healthcare includes four layers: The instrumentation layer, information system layer, business intelligence layer, and gamification layer, each contributing to enhanced patient outcomes, streamlined processes, and improved patient care. The gamification layer incentivizes healthy behaviors and fosters patient engagement, especially in healthcare scenarios. This comprehensive framework underscores the transformative potential of smart healthcare, where technology-driven solutions can revolutionize the healthcare landscape, improving patient care, health management, and the overall well-being of individuals and populations. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Big data

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Adversarially Robust Reinforcement Learning for Urban Traffic Signal Control 5

Adversarially Robust Reinforcement Learning for Urban Traffi...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Technology, Informatics, Management, engineering and Environment, TIME-E 2024

作者： Hamzah, Muhammad Shafly Joelianto, Endra Sutarto, Herman Yoseph Putri, Adiyana Institut Teknologi Bandung Instrumentation and Control Master Program Bandung Indonesia Institut Teknologi Bandung Instrumentation Control and Automation Research Group Bandung Indonesia PT. Pusat Riset Energi Department of Intelligent System Bandung Indonesia Institut Teknologi Bandung Doctoral Program of Engineering Physics Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364743

Urban traffic congestion presents critical challenges, resulting in delays, environmental pollution, and significant economic costs. While traditional traffic control methods, such as fixed-time and adaptive systems, have been widely implemented, they often fail in unpredictable conditions, particularly when confronted with noisy or inaccurate data. This research proposes a robust reinforcement learning (RL) solution for traffic signal control using the RADIAL-DQN (Robust Adversarial Loss DQN) algorithm. Integrating adversarial training enhances the system's robustness to real-world uncertainties. Evaluations conducted using a SUMO traffic simulation show that the robust agent produced an increase of only 60.71% in queue length under a projected gradient descent (PGD) adversarial attack, outperforming standard RL agents, which experienced an 89% increase. These results demonstrate the potential of robust RL to improve both the reliability and scalability of urban traffic control systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Traffic signals

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Prediction and optimization of thrust performance from plasma diagnostics in the inductively coupled plasma of an RF ion thruster

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Acta Astronautica 2023年 208卷 130-141页

作者： Li, Yueh-Heng Chen, Yi-Chien Liu, Sheng-Wen Aslan, Alim Rüstem Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan International Master Degree Program on Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan International Doctoral Degree Program on Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics Istanbul Technical University Sarıyer/İstanbul Maslak34469 Turkey

Ion thrusters have acquired extensive applications in the space industry with their advantages of high efficiency, high specific impulse, and long lifetime. To operate a radio-frequency (RF) ion thruster successfully, a high-frequency current must be generated to facilitate the discharge of inductively coupled plasma. In this study, with support of trial and error, it is discovered that the thrust performance of an RF ion thruster depends on not only the RF power but also on other critical parameters, such as the propellant flow rate, ion grids voltages, and RF input power. A surrogate model, namely – the Kriging model, is employed to simplify the estimation and optimization of thrust performance. The thrust and specific impulse are selected to be the crucial metrics for used Kriging models for categorizing all types of propulsions. On the basis of Kriging model simulations, the designed RF ion thruster can achieve a thrust of 1.9 mN, a specific impulse of 1649.5 s, and a thrust efficiency of 48% under a propellant flow rate of 4 sccm, grids’ voltage difference of 2500 V, and an RF input power of 40 W. © 2023 IAA

关键词： Inductively coupled plasma

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Impact of preparedness on safety behavior in dealing with emergencies on container ships: an analysis of the role of safety knowledge, motivation, and awareness

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Australian Journal of Maritime and Ocean Affairs 2024年第1期16卷 59-73页

作者： Kuncowati Sholihah, Qomariyatus Ciptadi, Gatot Koderi Faculty of Shipping Vocation Hang Tuah University Surabaya Indonesia Business Engineering and Industrial Management Compartment Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia Department of Animal Science Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia Environmental Science Doctoral Study Program Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia

The loading and unloading activities of container ships at the Tanjung Perak Port is imperative, as they can be carried out quickly and efficiently. These ships tend to have a high frequency of visits and possess the largest gross tonnage among ships used for the transportation of goods. The occurrence of an accident involving a container ship can have a detrimental effect on the seamless delivery of goods via sea transportation. Furthermore, the crew be adequately prepared in order to mitigate the risk. As evidenced by research on safety behaviour have not taken preparedness as a factor into consideration when addressing emergencies. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of safety knowledge, motivation, and awareness on safety behaviour in dealing with emergencies on container ships in accordance with relevant regulations. A total of 180 ship crew members served as respondents and it analysed using SEM-PLS. The results showed that preparedness, including safety procedures, emergency training, and crew security culture is an important aspect in dealing with emergencies. Furthermore, this study obtained an R square value of 0.525 in the structural model, indicating that the independent variables have an influence on behaviour, and it was classified in the good category. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

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Development and Flow Optimization of "Gyroid" Based Additive Manufacturing Heat Exchanger: Both Computational and Experimental Analyses

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Lai, Wei-Hsiang Samad, Abdul Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics NCKU Taiwan International Doctoral Degree Program on Energy Engineering NCKU Taiwan

There is a pressing demand for lightweight, space-saving, and high-performance heat exchangers (HEXs) in the aerospace industry. This study explores the Gyroid structure for efficient thermal energy management. Employing laser powder bed fusion, an optimized Gyroid HEX model is designed and comprehensively analyzed. Both computational and experimental analyses investigate thermal responses, considering various inlet flow rates and temperatures. Computational results are validated against experimental data, revealing favorable concurrence. The Gyroid HEX exhibits superior performance compared to a conventional plate HEX, demonstrating a 73.28% increase in heat transfer rate. The Gyroid HEX demonstrated significantly greater stiffness than a single unit cell under a 2 kN compressive load, exhibiting a deflection of only 0.0056 mm compared to 0.2 mm for the single cell. With a von Mises stress of 42.6 MPa and a factor of safety of 4.81 against the yield strength of stainless steel 316L (205 MPa), the Gyroid structure exhibits excellent potential for high-strength aerospace applications. Its strength can be further tailored by adjusting parameters such as cell size, wall thickness, periodic length, and isovalue. Additionally, compared to a Gyroid HEX made with 316L stainless steel, an aluminum Gyroid HEX demonstrates a 6.37% increase in heat transfer rate. This study provides valuable insights into Gyroid HEX fluid flow and thermal characteristics, offering potential applications in aerospace industry while acknowledging influencing factors on Gyroid structure strength. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Experimental and Simulation Analysis of Heat Transfer in Gyroid Heat Exchangers with Variable Flow Channels

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Samad, Abdul Lai, Wei-Hsiang International Doctoral Degree Program on Energy Engineering NCKU Taiwan Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics NCKU Taiwan

Inspired by nature, Gyroid structures have emerged as an alternative for designing heat transfer equipment using additive manufacturing technology. Their high strength-to-weight ratio and high surface area-to-volume ratio make them ideal for modeling heat exchangers (HXs) for various thermal management applications. Multiple experiments were carried out for reproducibility and reliability, and the relative standard deviation of the average heat transfer rate and overall heat transfer coefficient were calculated, averaging 4.2% and 5.39%, respectively. Uncertainty analysis revealed good agreement between the simulation and experimental data, affirming the reliability of the findings. The HX with an uneven-flow channel exhibited a higher overall heat transfer coefficient (1112.85 W/m2K) compared to the even-flow channel HX (1095.81 W/m2K) under identical boundary conditions. Additionally, a comparison of materials indicated that aluminum provided superior heat transfer performance due to its higher thermal conductivity compared to SS316L. The findings suggest that decreasing the wall thickness of Gyroid HXs significantly enhances their heat transfer capabilities. Furthermore, varying the cell size revealed that smaller cell sizes offer superior heat transfer characteristics due to their increased surface area. These results underscore the importance of comprehensive design considerations in HX development to enhance thermal performance and meet specific application needs. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermoanalysis

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Density Measurement of High-Tightness Woven Fabric using Variation of Field of View Stereo Photometry Method 8

Density Measurement of High-Tightness Woven Fabric using Var...

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8th International Conference on Instrumentation, Control, and Automation, ICA 2023

作者： Setiawan, Irwan Juliastuti, Endang Kurniadi, Deddy Institut Teknologi Bandung Engineering Physics Doctoral Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Bandung Indonesia Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Instrumentation and Control Research Group Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301274

High-tightness woven fabric (HTWF) density measurements have been developed using image analysis. In this study, the measurement of HTWF density is based on the three-dimensional surface structure of the fabric using the stereo photometry method. The woven fabric image was recorded with two fields of view (FOV). In each FOV, the image was recorded six times with different light directions. The unbiased stereo photometry algorithm was used to reconstruct the six images, resulting in a three-dimensional surface structure. The Hough transform detects and corrects the reconstructed image's skew. The yarn position is obtained using the fabric surface structure profile. Finally, the weft and warp profile curves were smoothed using a locally weighted smoothing (LOESS) filter. The measurement error of woven fabric density at FOV 1 for twill weave patterns with errors in warp 2.88 to 5.83% and weft 1.69 to 4.93%, and satin weave patterns with errors in warp 1.15 to 2.93% and weft 0.96 to 3.22%. While the measurement error of woven fabric density at FOV 2 for twill weave patterns with errors in warp 0.25 to 1.31% and weft 0.28 to 1.82%, and satin weave patterns with errors in warp 0.04 to 1.01% and weft 0.04 to 0.82%. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Stereo image processing

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