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Collagen and Leather 2021年第1期 39-51页

作者： Diego Navarro Jianhui Wu Wei Lin Pere Fullana-i-Palmer Rita Puig Environmental Engineering doctoral program Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) Curtidos Badia SAU Department of Biomass and Leather Engineering Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of EducationSichuan University UNESCO Chair in Life Cycle and Climate Change ESCI-UPF Pompeu Fabra University Department of Computer Science and Industrial Engineering Universitat de Lleida (UdL)

Leather industry is facing new trends on production and consumption patterns due to society *** economy is proposing a transition from the current economic model to a more sustainable one,in which waste is designed out and resources will be reused and recycled as long as *** this transition,Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) is an important tool to help *** the present review,39 English-written peer-reviewed papers related to LCA and leather have been found,30 of which were published in the last 6 years,meaning LCA is nowadays an important *** are presented within 4 types,focused on:1) the whole leather production process,2) a single step in the production process(e.g,new technologies for unhairing),3) waste treatment and recycling,and 4) life cycle thinking with ideas on long-term strategies for leather *** discussed in the literature review,leather industry has important challenges to address:increasing sustainability and transparency on the supply chain,and strengthening the beauty of *** up these challenges from a life cycle perspective will help leather industry flourish in the coming future.

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Potency of microalgae for animal feed and aquaculture feed: A short review

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2683卷

作者： Inggar Dianratri Hadiyanto Hadiyanto Yoyon Wahyono Wahyu Zuli Pratiwi Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang Central Java 50275 Indonesia Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Jl. Imam Bardjo SH Pleburan Semarang Central Java 50241 Indonesia

Animal feed production soared due to the increasing demand for fresh meat and fish. The high cost of animal feed production causes animal feed producers to look for more economical and environmentally friendly alternatives. Microalgae have the potential to add nutrients to animal feed and aquaculture feed because they contain high-value biomolecules. Bioactive compounds containing microalgae such as protein, carbohydrates, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), vitamins, and other compounds have been shown to improve feed efficiency and the quality of animal products. The contribution of microalgae to meet nutritional needs in animal feed/aquaculture is present in this review. The metabolism of microalgae produced during photosynthetic activity depends on natural conditions such as the location of cultivation, the possibility of contaminants in the culture, and their physiological response to biotic and abiotic factors, such as the availability of light intensity, temperature, pH, nutrients, and growth phase. The quality of microalgae biomass certainly affects the quality of animal feed. From various studies that have been carried out, several parameters can affect the efficiency and quality of animal products, including the amount of microalgae biomass added to the feed, the age of the animal, and the duration of feeding the animal.

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A Sophisticated Ground Water Analytical Tool

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Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation 1995年第2期15卷 134-139页

作者： Tonjes, David J. Heil, James H. Black, John A. David J. Tonjes is a doctoral candidate in coastal oceanography at the Marine Sciences Research Center University at Stony Brook through its Waste Management Institute (Waste Management Institute Marine Sciences Research Center University at Stony Brook 11794–5000). Under a grant from the Town Board he is a technical adviser to the commissioner of waste management of the town of Brookhaven New York in solid waste planning regulatory compliance and environmental site monitoring. Tonjes has a B.A. in liberal arts from St. John's College an M.S. in computer science from New York Institute of Technology and an M.S. in technological systems management from the University at Stony Brook. James H. Heil is commissioner of waste management for the town of Brookhaven (Department of Waste Management Town of Brookhaven 3233 Rte. 112 Medford NY 11763). Heil received a B.S. from Manhattan College and an M.S. from New York University in civil engineering and is a licensed professional engineer in New York. He is a former president of the New York State Solid Waste Management Association. John A. Black is the coordinator of the environmental science program at Suffolk County Community College (Environmental Science Program Suffolk County Community College Selden NY 11784). He is currently the chair of the Ecology Committee of the Pine Barrens Advisory Committee for Suffolk County and is a member of the Suffolk County Pine Barrens Review Commission. Black received a B.S. in chemistry from Adephi University an M.S. in public administration from the University at Stony Book an M. S. from Hofstra University and a Ph. D. from Adlephi in marine sciences.

Stiff diagrams arc a multivariate method of analysis used to describe the chemical state of ground water. The use of Stiff diagrams to describe multiconstituent contamination sites, such as landfills, has distinct advantages over single constituent analyses. Problems associated with traditional Stiff diagram analyses, such as diagram attentuation, can be addressed by allowing the scale of the diagram to vary with the ionic strength of the analyzed sample. The use of these sliding scale Stiff diagrams reveals the chemical slate of the ground water over wide ranges of constituent concentrations and thus allows for sensitive and sophisticated depictions of complicated contamination sites in a fashion that is extremely difficult to replicate with single constituent analyses. This approach has possible applications for understanding and tracing the mixing and chemical changes in uncontaminated settings. Copyright © 1995, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

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Characterization and performances of hydrophobic polymer membrane modified with dragon’s blood resin

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2613卷

作者： Aulia Chintia Ambarita Sri Mulyati Nasrul Arahman Muhammad Roil Bilad 1Doctoral School of Engineering Science School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 3Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Integrated Technologies Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link-Gadong BE1401 Brunei

Hydrophobic membranes have limitations, which are the low permeation rate and susceptible to fouling, therefore membrane modifications are generally required. In this paper, hydrophobic polymer membrane modification has been studied by mixing dragon's blood resin (DBR) as bio additive. Two types of polymers were used, they were polyethersulfon (M-3 PES) and polyvinylidene Two types of polymers were used, they were polyethersulfon (M-3 PES) and polyvinylidene fluoride (M-3 PVDF) with a concentration of 14.5% polymer and 3% DBR. The results showed that M-3 PES had greater porosity, water uptake, pore size, and clean water flux than M3-PVDF. However, the antifouling performance of M-3 PVDF membrane tends to be better than M-3 PES, as well as its rejection. Both membranes tend to be stable even after repeated use.

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Effect of various commercial of Na2SiO3 on compressive strength of Fly ash-based alkaline activated mortar

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IOP Conference Series: Materials science and engineering 2020年第1期801卷

作者： Otman M. M. Elbasir M.J.A. Mijarsh Megat Azmi Megat Johari Mohamed O. M. Mashri Rahmi Karolina Zainal Arifin Ahmad High Institute of Science and Technology Civil Engineering Department Qaser bin Gashear (Libya). Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Elmergib University Al-Khums (Libya). School of Civil Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia 14300 NibongTebal Penang (Malaysia). Doctoral Program of Civil Engineering Department Universitas Sumatera Utara (Indonesia). Structural Materials Niche Area School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia 14300 NibongTebal Penang (Malaysia).

This study aimed to assesses the effect of various commercial Na2SiO3 on the compressive strength (CS) of alkaline activated fly ash mortar (AAFM). The three mixture of alkaline activated mortar (AAM) C1, C2 and C3 were prepared from the source material of fly ash and alkaline activator solution (AAS). The initial AAS was comprised of NaOH (10M) and various grade of Na2SiO3. The various grades of Na2SiO3 were characterized by their SiO2/Na2O molar ratio of 2.0, 2.2, and 3.3, respectively. The sample from each mixture was characterized based on the CS and microstructure changes using useful tools of XRD and FTIR analysis. The results obtained indicated that the highest CS achieved among the three mixtures were 48.23MPa of mixture C2 prepared with SiO2/Na2O molar ratio of 2.2. This was mainly due to higher binder formation (N-A-S-H gel type) and a higher rate of reaction of the main source material. This result is in line with XRD and FTIR analysis results finding.

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Acid neutralization of small-scale gold processing wastewater in Pancurrendang village, Banyumas Regency using natural ingredients

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2598卷

作者： Eni Muryani Sajidan M. Th. Sri Budiastuti Pranoto Doctoral Program of Environmental Science Graduate School of Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia Environmental Engineering Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yoyakarta Jl. Padjajaran (SWK 104) North Ringroad Condongcatur Yogyakarta Indonesia Graduate School of Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia

The acidity of the amalgamation liquid effluent from small-scale gold processing in Pancurendang Village has been detected. Coconut coir and banana stem midribs are part of plants that contain potassium and sodium, as natural ingredients of alkali source and increase the potential hydrogen (pH). The aims of the research are: 1) determine the characteristic of wastewater from the amalgamation gold processing in Pancurendang Village, 2) analyze the effectiveness of the use of chopped coconut coir from Cocos nucifera and banana stem midrib from Musa sp. to neutralize the acidity of wastewater gold processing from Pancurendang Village, and 3) detect the potential of coconut coir and banana stem midrib to adsorb mercury (Hg). The wastewater from the three gold processing plants was mixed. Parameters tested in the laboratory include pH, TSS, Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, As, Ni, Cr, CN, and Hg. Results were compared with quality standards. Acid neutralization trials used chopped coconut coir (coco-chips) and banana stem midribs with a dose variation of 50, 100, and 250 grams per 1 liter of wastewater. In addition, a mixture of 50 g of coco-chips and 50 g of banana stem midribs are also used. The pH of the wastewater was measured daily. The laboratory analysis results showed that the pH, TSS, and Hg values did not match the quality standards set by the Minister of Environment Decree No. 202/2004 and Central Java Regional Regulation No. 5/2012. Treatment with 250 grams of banana stem midrib in 1 L of wastewater can increase the pH of amalgamation wastewater from 2.8 to 6 within four days and 6.6 within eight days. Banana stem midrib is more effective in neutralizing acid in gold processing wastewater than coconut coir.

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Isolation of 24-homoscalarane sesterterpenoids from a sponge of the genus Lendenfeldia

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Phytochemistry Letters 2024年 61卷 177-181页

作者： Zheng, Li-Guo Chen, You-Yan Liaw, Chia-Ching Lin, Yu-Chi Chien, Su-Ying Lo, Yi-Hao Tsai, Yu-Chi Hu, Hao-Chun Chen, You-Ying Hwang, Tsong-Long Ou, Tzu-Ming Sung, Ping-Jyun Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium Pingtung 944401 Taiwan School of Traditional Chinese Medicine College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333323 Taiwan Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Ministry of Health and Welfare Taipei 112304 Taiwan Department of Biochemical Science and Technology National Chiayi University Chiayi 600355 Taiwan Instrumentation Center National Taiwan University Taipei 106319 Taiwan Department of Family Medicine Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital Kaohsiung 813204 Taiwan Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management Kaohsiung 821004 Taiwan Institute of Medical Science and Technology National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan School of Chinese Medicine College of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung 404333 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333323 Taiwan Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan 333324 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan 333324 Taiwan Department of Anesthesiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan 333423 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 243303 Taiwan Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Kaohsiung 802301 Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung 404394 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807378 Taiwan Program in Ph

The chemical screening of an algae-containing marine sponge identified as Lendenfeldia species has isolated two 24-homoscalarane sesterterpenoids, including a known compound, felixin A (1) and a new analogue, lendenfeldarane V (2). The structure of 1, obtained in a previous study, was cited for the first time in this study via single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The structure of 2 was ascertained via 2D NMR experiments and a literature review. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were delineated with DP4+ computation and specific optical rotation. Homoscalarane 1 exhibited cytotoxicity towards MG63 human osteosarcoma cells. © 2024 Phytochemical Society of Europe

关键词： Felixin Homoscalarane Lendenfeldarane Lendenfeldia MG63

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Polymer of chitosan with ZnO addition to optimize high responsivity and sensitivity in sensor film

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2267卷

作者： Saisa H. Agusnar Z. Alfian I. Nainggolan 1Doctoral Program Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 North Sumatera Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Serambi Mekkah Banda Aceh 23245 Aceh Indonesia 3Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 North Sumatera Indonesia

Coating of polymer chitosan as sensor film on copper electrode substrate (Cu) has become a concern of research development to improve responsivity, sensitivity, and economic value to detect hazardous preservatives in food, especially formalin. This study aims to enhance the activities of sensor for more responsive and higher sensitivity by adding metal oxide as an active agent. Chitosan thin film is prepared by 1.5% chitosan dissolved with 2% acetic acid and modified with active compound ZnO. The addition of ZnO NPs metal oxide is to improve sensitivity which viewed from SEM characterization results, the surface of morphology is smoother and flat on the surface of chitosan. Characterization of FT-IR showed ZnO was perfectly bound to amine bond of chitosan structure. The research method was conducted by cyclic voltammetry analysis to find out the results test of sensor sensitivity. The results showed chitosan-ZnO film sensor provides the best sensitivity on modification conditions of ZnO NPs 0.6% and 0.8%. Linearity analysis of sensor provides ideal value obtained at R-square value of 0.9886. Thus, it can be concluded that chitosan-ZnO thin-film sensor is hugely responsive to be used as an electrode sensor for detecting hazardous chemical compounds in food. Chitosan-ZnO film sensor can provide high activity as a biosensor electrode for detecting harmful compounds in foods that are sensitive, responsive, and has economic value.

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Systems thinking on renewable energy: A bibliometric analysis

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2734卷

作者： Dindin Nasrudin Agus Setiawan Dadi Rusdiana Liliasari Science Education Doctoral Program Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Bandung Indonesia Physics Education Study Program UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Education Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Bandung Indonesia Department of Physics Education Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Bandung Indonesia Department of Chemistry Education Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Bandung Indonesia

Energy is a systematic problem involving many fields and disciplines. Discourse about it requires systems thinking. This research aims to reveal trends and future work related to system thinking on renewable energy. The method used is a bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database using VOSviewer software. Through the selection process, 284 documents deemed relevant were selected from journal articles and conference proceedings. Through VOSviewer analysis, 4 clusters of related keyword groups are shown. Four very influential words in this research theme are systems theory with 224 occurrences, renewable energy resources with 142 occurrences, renewable energy with 112 occurrences, and system dynamics with 102 occurrences. Through network visualization, the relationship between concepts both within one cluster and between clusters is shown. The visualization overlays is used as a basis of mapping the future work related to system thinking on renewable energy which include renewable energy resources, system theory, system dynamics, alternative energy, sustainable development, decision making, and renewable energy technology. This study concludes that bibliometric analysis through VOSviewer is proven to be able to show trends and future work for systems thinking on renewable energy research.

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Modelling and reducing fuel flow pulsation of a fuel-metering system during pump mode switching in a turbofan engine

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2019年第5期240卷

作者： S Masuda F Shimizu M Fuchiwaki K Tanaka Control Systems Engineering Department Research & Engineering Division Aero Engines Space & Defense Business Area IHI Corporation 229 Tonogaya Mizuho-machi Nishitama-gun Tokyo 190-1297 Japan Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Doctoral Program Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology 680-4 kawazu Iizuka-shi Fukuoka 820-8502 Japan Department of Mechanical Information Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology 680-4 kawazu Iizuka-shi Fukuoka 820-8502 Japan

In this research, the transient characteristics of a new type fuel metering system for aircraft turbofan engines using two types of pumps, a gear pump and a centrifugal pump, were studied by modelling and simulation. This new fuel metering system is capable of hydraulically unloading the operating state of each pump by the pump mode switching mechanism within the permissible range of the pump rotation speed and the fuel flow rate and it is possible to reduce the fuel temperature rise due to the pressure loss in the circuit in the operation region of the entire fuel system. In addition to this, by using a small centrifugal pump that can realize high discharge flow rate, it is possible to reduce weight compared to the conventional fuel system. However, when the pump mode is switched, unexpected fluctuation in the fuel flow rate can occur when a large change in the inlet pressure of the system occurs, the pressure control unit cannot follow the change, and the transient phenomenon cannot be suppressed. At this time, the pressure waveform generated at the time of changing the pump mode includes a high frequency component such that the pressure control unit, which plays a role of keeping the metering valve differential pressure constant, cannot follow up. Therefore, in this paper, we focused on the frequency of the pressure change waveform when the pump mode was changed and studied the model of the fuel system inlet pressure in the gear pump mode. Based on that model, we propose a method to reduce the frequency characteristics of the pressure change occurring at the time of pump mode change.

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