In this present study, zinc chloride-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIC) was used to form a room temperature melt. Although these melts are being examined for electrochemical applications, little conductivity ...
In this present study, zinc chloride-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIC) was used to form a room temperature melt. Although these melts are being examined for electrochemical applications, little conductivity data appears in the literature. The sequence of conductivities for the different component melts is ZnCl2-EMIC > ZnCl2-EMIC-CoCl2 > ZnCl2-EMIC-DyCl3 > ZnCl2-EMIC-CoCl2-DyCl3. The results may be explained in terms of the viscosity increase and complex formation when the cobalt chloride or dysprosium chloride is added into the acidic ZnCl2-EMIC melt. The electrochemistry of cobalt(II) and/or dysprosium chloride in acidic ZnCl2-EMIC melts at different temperature has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The results reveal the reduction of Dy(III) to Dy(II) or Dy(III) to Dy may have occurred, and the electrodeposition of Co-Dy or Zn-Co-Dy alloys was not formed from the melt at 80°C. Nevertheless, the cathodic reduction of Co2+/Dy3+ species will occur more readily at 110°C and 120°C than at 100°C.
Fuzzy c-means is well-known among the various methods of fuzzy cluster analysis. L/sub 1/-based fuzzy c-means has also been studied in recent years. This paper discusses the L/sub 1/-based fuzzy c-means of data with f...
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Fuzzy c-means is well-known among the various methods of fuzzy cluster analysis. L/sub 1/-based fuzzy c-means has also been studied in recent years. This paper discusses the L/sub 1/-based fuzzy c-means of data with fuzzy uncertainties. The data unit is supposed to be the Cartesian product of fuzzy numbers. The metric between a data unit with uncertainty and a cluster center is defined using minimum and maximum distances. The fuzzy c-means algorithm is an alternative procedure for the optimization of the cluster center and the fuzzy set membership, while the solution of the cluster center for uncertain data cannot be obtained directly. An algorithm for the solution of cluster centers based on the L/sub 1/ metric for uncertain data is developed in this paper. Using this algorithm, an exact alternate optimization procedure is obtained. Numerical examples show that the results for uncertain data are different from the results for data without uncertainties.
作者:
Ming T. TsuangStephen V. ParaoneGuest EditorDr. Tsuang is the Stanley Cobb Professor of Psychiatry
Director Harvard Institute of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Genetics and Superintendent and Head Harvard Department of Psychiatry at Massachusetts Mental Health Center. He received an M.D. degree at the College of Medicine National Taiwan University and his Ph.D. at the Institute of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine University of London. Dr. Tsuang also received a Doctor of Science (D.Sc.) in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Genetics Faculty of Science University of London. Professor Tsuang has worked throughout his career as a clinician teacher researcher and administrator in a variety of private state federal and international mental health care settings. He has been recognized both nationally and internationally for his research in schizophrenia and other major psychiatric disorders including manic-depressive illness and substance abuse. One of his areas of interest is in the rapidly developing field of research related to the interactions between genetic and environmental risk factors for severe mental disorders. Professor Tsuang is the recipient of a myriad of awards for his work among them the First Prize in Clinical Research Award from the American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists
the Rema Lapouse Award for Mental Health Epidemiology from the American Public Health Association and the Stanley Dean Award for Basic Research in Schizophrenia from the American College of Psychiatrists. He is also a Member of the Institute of Medicine National Academy of Sciences and Member Academia Sinica of Taiwan. Recently Professor Tsuang received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics and the Taiwanese-American Award for Achievement in Science and Engineering. He has authored or co-authored nearly 400 publications including publications in peer reviewed journals in book chapters and also in books in the areas of psychiatric epidemiology psychiatric genetics nosology of major psychoses ne
Daphne is a computer-assisted musical analysis system that analyzes musical structure and other information necessary for computer music applications, especially for performance synthesis. The obtained analysis result...
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This paper presents OpenJava, which is a macro system that we have developed for Java. With traditional macro systems designed for non object-oriented languages, it is difficult to write a number of macros typical in ...
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An extension of the kernel-based pattern recognition method using a genetic algorithm is proposed. The method is suited to evolvable pattern recognition hardware using FPGAs. In the conventional method one common kern...
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An extension of the kernel-based pattern recognition method using a genetic algorithm is proposed. The method is suited to evolvable pattern recognition hardware using FPGAs. In the conventional method one common kernel function is used in the superposition to make discrimination functions. In the extended method each region of the kernel function is optimized individually. For the kernel-region optimization we use a genetic algorithm to solve a large combinatorial problem almost impossible to solve using any brute-force search. A chromosome represents the kernel region in an n-dimensional pattern space, and each locus corresponds to one of the candidates (genes) for an edge length of the kernel region. We have applied the extended method to a sonar spectrum recognition problem and obtained a recognition accuracy of 83.9%, which is much higher than the 62.0% obtained using the conventional kernel-based method and is also better than 82.7% obtained using the nearest neighbor method and the 83.0% obtained using a neural network (backpropagation algorithm). We have analyzed the individually optimized kernel regions and shown that the GA process automatically extracts features in the patterns and embeds the features in the kernel regions.
Local iterated function system (LIFS) image coding is currently a main topic of fractal image coding and is being studied from various points of view. However, its performance is still inferior to conventional schemes...
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Local iterated function system (LIFS) image coding is currently a main topic of fractal image coding and is being studied from various points of view. However, its performance is still inferior to conventional schemes such as JPEG. This paper proposes a novel local transformation called extended condensation and reports that the LIFS coding scheme is significantly improved by combining the technique with Ida's average separation scheme. When the compression ratio is high, a better decoded image is acquired by the proposed scheme than by JPEG.
Minimizing overhead resulting from context switching is a prerequisite for effective real-time multi-processing. Our heterogeneous data-driven processor has shown its multi-processing capability without extending turn...
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This paper presents an accurate estimation formula for the minimum filter length of optimum (the minimax criterion-based) FIR low-pass digital filters. The authors have proposed an accurate estimation formula for the ...
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This paper presents an accurate estimation formula for the minimum filter length of optimum (the minimax criterion-based) FIR low-pass digital filters. The authors have proposed an accurate estimation formula for the particular case that the passband and stopband ripples are identical. Now we expand the formula for the general case. The accuracy of the proposed formula is evaluated in comparison with that of the conventional formulae. We also describe how to apply the proposed formula for the design of other types of filters.
This paper presents an accurate estimation formula for the minimum filter length of optimum(the minimax criterion based) FIR low-pass digital *** authors have proposed an accurate estimation formula for the particular...
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This paper presents an accurate estimation formula for the minimum filter length of optimum(the minimax criterion based) FIR low-pass digital *** authors have proposed an accurate estimation formula for the particular case that the passband and stopband ripples are *** we expand the formula for the general *** accuracy of the proposed formula is evaluated in comparison with that of the conventional *** is also described how to apply the proposed formula for the design of other types of filters.
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