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Open space function in plaza area in Central Java Great Mosque

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期623卷

作者： A M Hamdani A Suprapti R S Rukayah Doctoral Study Program of Architecture and Urban Sciences Universitas Diponegoro

The plaza area at the Great Mosque of Central Java is a non-green open space of the Central Java Grand Mosque building complex. The Plaza area has an important role in the building, because the plaza area at the mosque is the first place we meet, and becomes the center of circulation and socio-religious activities for visitors. Thus, it is necessary to design a plaza area at the Grand Mosque of Central Java which considers all aspects. Open space has a role as a container that can accommodate certain activities of the community in certain areas, therefore open space has a contribution to be given to humans in the form of positive impacts. This research was conducted at the Grand Mosque of Central Java using qualitative-descriptive methods. This research focuses on studies in the plaza area of the Grand Mosque of Central Java in terms of open space functions. The results of this study, in the plaza area at the Great Mosque of Central Java, show that it has not fulfilled both as a general function of open space and an ecological function.

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Meshless generalized finite difference method with a domain-decomposition method for solving Helmholtz equation and its application to caisson resonance problems

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Ocean Engineering 2023年 271卷

作者： Huang, Ji Lyu, Hong-Guan Chen, Jiahn-Horng Fan, Chia-Ming School of Naval Architecture and Maritime Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang524088 China School of Ocean Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai519082 China Doctoral Degree Program in Ocean Engineering Technology National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung20224 Taiwan Shih Yen-Ping Center for Underwater Technology National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung20224 Taiwan National Academy of Marine Research Kaohsiung80661 Taiwan Department of Harbor and River Engineering National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung20224 Taiwan

This paper aims at presenting a meshless Generalized Finite Difference Method (GFDM) for solving the Helmholtz equation. In particular, in order to tackle the problem where a fluid domain is divided into different parts by a thin-wall structure, a Domain-Decomposition Method (DDM) is introduced to prevent interactions between node pairs coming from different parts of the flow domain. Two rigorous benchmarks are performed to validate the convergence and accuracy of the present GFDM-DDM model. Furthermore, caisson resonance problems are also investigated and discussed based on the novel numerical tool. It is shown that the present GFDM-DDM model can provide satisfactory predictions for resonance modes in caisson resonance problems, and hence can be treated as a powerful numerical tool in ocean engineering design due to its accurate and efficient characteristics. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Caissons

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The changing aspects of function and meaning of space in Alun-Alun Kidul Keraton Surakarta

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期780卷

作者： I Santoso B Setioko E E Pandelaki Architecture & Urban Science Doctoral Program Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Architecture Program Universitas Merdeka Malang Malang Indonesia

As one of the traditional squares on the island of Java, Alun-alun Kidul Keraton Surakarta faces the challenge of changing its function. The physical condition of the South Square of the Keraton Surakarta is covered by a wall called beteng. In the Javanese spiritual concept, Alun-alun Kidul is connected in an imaginary line to the south coast. In terms of structure, the Alun-alun Kidul has a characteristic Javanese town square in general which is influenced by the cosmological concept of Hindu society. In the past, the function of the Alun-alun Kidul was closed and had a high degree of privatization and became a place for rituals of silence and contemplation of the king. On the other hand, the current physical condition and function of Alun-Alun Kidul have changed. This change is an effort to support the needs of the city today and in the future. The method used in this research is a phenomenological descriptive approach, refers to a grounded theory that does not use the term population but emphasizes a social situation consisting of four elements, namely place, activity, person (actor), and time. The results showed a pattern of spatial use for sacred and profane activities in spatial and temporal characteristics. Physical structure patterns in permanent form do not occur much, but semi-permanent and non-permanent physical patterns show changes in the meaning and behavior of space. These patterns show non-physical influences, namely the influence of cultural aspects, social aspects, economic aspects, and political aspects, as well as the behavior and mindset of the community, especially Surakarta City.

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Experimental investigation on the effects of zinc oxide and goethite as additives in a diesel engine fueled by pure palm oil

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CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING 2024年 61卷

作者： Prahmana, Rico Aditia Darmanto, Prihadi Setyo Juangsa, Firman Bagja Reksowardojo, Iman Kartolaksono Prakoso, Tirto Hendrarsakti, Jooned Yuwazama, Zido Ahmad, Azaria Haykal Riayatsyah, Teuku Meurah Indra Fahmi, Achmad Gus Silitonga, Arridina Susan Nurcholik, Samsu Dlukha Inst Teknol Bandung Fac Mech & Aerosp Engn Doctoral Program Mech Engn Bandung 40132 Indonesia Inst Teknol Bandung Fac Mech & Aerosp Engn Thermal Sci & Engn Res Grp Bandung 40132 Indonesia Inst Teknol Sumatera Fac Ind Technol Study Program Mech Engn South Lampung 35365 Indonesia Inst Teknol Bandung Fac Ind Technol Dept Chem Engn Bandung 40132 Indonesia Inst Teknol Bandung Fac Mech & Aerosp Engn Master Program Mech Engn Bandung 40132 Indonesia Inst Teknol Sumatera Fac Ind Technol Study Program Cosmet Engn South Lampung 35365 Indonesia Univ Pertamina Fac Ind Technol Study Program Mech Engn Jakarta 12220 Indonesia Univ Technol Sydney Fac Engn & Informat Technol Ctr Technol Water & Wastewater Sch Civil & Environm Engn Sydney NSW 2007 Australia Politekn Negeri Medan Ctr Renewable Energy Dept Mech Engn Medan 20155 Indonesia Inst Teknol Kalimantan Dept Naval Architecture Balikpapan 76127 Indonesia Inst Teknol Kalimantan Res Ctr Marine Syst Emiss Control Balikpapan 76127 Indonesia Inst Teknol Bandung Res Ctr New & Renewable Energy Bandung 40132 Indonesia Univ Tokyo Dept Mech Engn 7-3-1 HongoBunkyo Ku Tokyo 1138656 Japan

Recent studies have shown the potential of zinc oxide as an additive in diesel engines because of its favorable properties. Goethite, as a metal additive, exhibits good thermodynamic stability and acts as a catalyst carrier to reduce environmental pollution. Incorporating zinc oxide microparticles and goethite nanoparticles into pure palm oil (PPaO) has great potential to improve the fuel properties. Therefore, in this study, the effects of adding zinc oxide microparticles and goethite nanoparticles into PPaO on the engine performance, spray characteristics, and smoke opacity of a diesel engine were investigated. A high-speed camera was used for the spray experiments. The results showed that the use of PPaO significantly increased the smoke opacity by similar to 127.89 % compared with diesel fuel (DF). However, the use of PPaO with zinc oxide microparticles (PPaOZnO) and PPaO with goethite nanoparticles (PPaOGOE) significantly reduced the smoke opacity. The reduction in smoke opacity was most pronounced for the PPaOGOE fuel blend, with a value of 60 %, relative to the smoke opacity for DF. The PPaOZnO fuel blend significantly increased the specific fuel consumption by 37.1 %, with an average increase of similar to 24.21 %, compared with DF at an engine load of 40 %. Moreover, the use of PPaOZnO and PPaOGOE fuel blends improved spray penetration 2 times compared to PPaO, although the relative viscosity and spray angle were similar to those for PPaO. These findings suggest that zinc oxide and goethite have great potential as additives for PPaO fuel, thereby enhancing the efficiency and performance of diesel engines.

关键词： Pure palm oil Zinc oxide Goethite Engine performance

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Pedestrian tracking in outdoor spaces of a suburban university campus for the investigation of occupancy patterns

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SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY 2019年 45卷 131-142页

作者： Gocer, Ozgur Gocer, Kenan Ozcan, Baris Bakovic, Mujesira Kirac, M. Furkan Ozyegin Univ Fac Architecture & Design Cekmekoy Kampusu Nisantepe Mah Orman Sok TR-34794 Istanbul Turkey Beykoz Univ Fac Engn & Architecture Istanbul Turkey Ozyegin Univ Inst Sci & Technol Comp Sci Doctoral Program Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Tech Univ Inst Sci & Technol Urban Design Master Program Istanbul Turkey Ozyegin Univ Fac Engn Istanbul Turkey

The design of a livable and comfortable environment has been one of the main aims of sustainable university campus design. The creation of outdoor spaces for accommodating amenities has a positive effect on users with regard to various physiological and psychological aspects. Knowing how daily activity patterns and pedestrian movements are distributed across space is important for assessing whether or not human use and design plans are in fact successful. The aim of this study is to determine occupancy patterns and pedestrian routes in outdoor spaces during different seasons at a sustainable university campus by using spatial statistical analyses that involve ANN, MC and SDE. To perform these analyses, the researchers attempted to use a pedestrian tracking method from camera surveillance to aggregate the required data by conducing a longitudinal study. The data that were aggregated by pedestrian tracking was visualized with the use of a spatio-temporal mapping method in GIS. Logistic GWR was performed to seek the relationship between occupancy pattern (clustered distribution) and design layout of open spaces, comprising the variables of proximity to the attraction centers/entrances, and visual integration. The results confirmed that occupants prefer to use the areas that have high visual integration value and are close to attraction centers.

关键词： Pedestrian tracking Spatio-temporal mapping Outdoor spaces Occupancy pattern Sustainable campus Logistic geographically weighted regression

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The Influence of the Building Mass Configuration of Settlements around the UNNES Campus on Environmental Carrying Capacity

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期832卷

作者： T Prihanto E Purwanto E E Pandelaki Department of Engineering Architecture Semarang State University Indonesia Department Doctoral Program of Architecture and Urban Science Diponegoro University Indonesia

The impact of the development of the UNNES Campus in Sekaran, a suburb of Semarang City, has become a trigger for the growth of new activities which require the provision of new spaces, especially settlements. This phenomenon shows the growth of settlements that ignore the environment. This study aims to examine the influence of the building mass configuration of settlements around the UNNES Sekaran Campus on environmental carrying capacity as a buffer zone for Semarang City. This studi uses descriptive exploratory method which aims to describe the state of a phenomenon in the field. The results of this study are the influence of the building mass configuration of settelements on environmental carrying capacity. The configuration of the building mass that does not pay attention to rainwater infiltration and reduction of sun exposure has an impact on reducing the supporting capacity of the environment and reducing occupant comfort.

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Effect of geranylated dihydrochalcone from Artocarpus altilis leaves extract on Plasmodium falciparum ultrastructural changes and mitochondrial malate: Quinone oxidoreductase

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2023年 21卷 40-50页

作者： Hidayati, Agriana Rosmalina Melinda, Hilkatul Ilmi, Hilkatul Sakura, Takaya Sakaguchi, Miako Ohmori, Junko Hartuti, Endah Dwi Tumewu, Lidya Inaoka, Daniel Ken Tanjung, Mulyadi Yoshida, Eri Tokumasu, Fuyuki Kita, Kiyoshi Mori, Mihoko Dobashi, Kazuyuki Nozaki, Tomoyoshi Syafruddin, Din Hafid, Achmad Fuad Waluyo, Danang Widyawaruyanti, Aty Univ Airlangga Fac Pharm Doctoral Program Surabaya Indonesia Univ Mataram Fac Med Dept Pharm Mataram Indonesia Natl Res & Innovat Agcy BRIN Res Ctr Genet Engn Bogor Indonesia Univ Airlangga Inst Trop Dis Ctr Nat Prod Med Res & Dev Surabaya Indonesia Nagasaki Univ Inst Trop Med NEKKEN Dept Mol Infect Dynam Nagasaki Japan Nagasaki Univ Sch Trop Med & Global Hlth Nagasaki Japan Nagasaki Univ Inst Trop Med NEKKEN Cent Lab Nagasaki Japan Nagasaki Univ Grad Sch Biomed Sci Nagasaki Japan Univ Tokyo Grad Sch Med Dept Biomed Chem Bunkyo Ku Tokyo Japan Univ Airlangga Fac Sci & Technol Dept Chem Surabaya Indonesia Nagasaki Univ Inst Trop Med NEKKEN Dept Cellular Architecture Studies Nagasaki Japan Nagasaki Univ Inst Trop Med NEKKEN Dept Hostdef Biochem Nagasaki Japan Kitasato Univ Kitasato Inst Life Sci Tokyo Japan Hasanudin Univ Fac Med Dept Parasitol Makassar Indonesia Univ Airlangga Fac Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Sci Surabaya Indonesia

Nearly half of the world's population is at risk of being infected by Plasmodium falciparum, the pathogen of malaria. Increasing resistance to common antimalarial drugs has encouraged investigations to find compounds with different scaffolds. Extracts of Artocarpus altilis leaves have previously been reported to exhibit in vitro antimalarial activity against P. falciparum and in vivo activity against P. berghei. Despite these initial promising results, the active compound from A. altilis is yet to be identified. Here, we have identified 2-geranyl-2 ', 4 ', 3, 4tetrahydroxy-dihydrochalcone (1) from A. altilis leaves as the active constituent of its antimalarial activity. Since natural chalcones have been reported to inhibit food vacuole and mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), the morphological changes in food vacuole and biochemical inhibition of ETC enzymes of (1) were investigated. In the presence of (1), intraerythrocytic asexual development was impaired, and according to the TEM analysis, this clearly affected the ultrastructure of food vacuoles. Amongst the ETC enzymes, (1) inhibited the mitochondrial malate: quinone oxidoreductase (PfMQO), and no inhibition could be observed on dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) as well as bc1 complex activities. Our study suggests that (1) has a dual mechanism of action affecting the food vacuole and inhibition of PfMQO-related pathways in mitochondria.

关键词： Geranylated dihydrochalcone Artocarpus altilis Plasmodium falciparum Ultrastructural changes Pf MQO

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Aesthetic visual signs for the public building facade design of Dutch East Indies architectural heritage in Malang City

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期780卷

作者： N Suryasari A Antariksa L D Wulandari H Santosa Civil Engineering Doctoral Program Specialization in Architecture Universitas Brawijaya Malang Indonesia Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering Universitas Brawijaya Malang Indonesia

During the reign of the Dutch East Indies, the phenomenon of developing architectural designs with a diverse variety of forms filled the developmental history of early modern architecture in Malang City. The offer of various aesthetic elements in the various design included the design of public buildings to meet the increasingly complex activity of city life. The aesthetic element is a visual sign that is closely linked to the context of dynamic society development and contemporary architecture development in a particular place. The study will explore how aesthetic visual signs appear in the central zone of Malang City, with two cases of important public buildings in that location. The method used is a qualitative descriptive analysis method in which the syntagma-paradigm relation analysis model is used to find visual signs in the form of a relationship between the aesthetic elements of the building and the context involved. The results of this study show that aesthetic visual signs have a potential and a hierarchy that contributes to the diversity of designing public architectural designs of the Dutch East Indies period in the new city center zone of Malang.

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A conceptual framework for conducting an impact assessment of land use, socio-economic and biophysical factors on mode choice

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2711卷

作者： Muhammad Yanis Sofyan M. Saleh Ashfa Achmad Laina H. Sari Doctoral Program School of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia Architecture and Planning Department Engineering Faculty Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia

In a recent study, understanding factors that affect mode choices, such as land use/land cover change and socio-economic and biophysical, promote and implement non-private motorized vehicles, i.e., public transportation. This must help urban transportation problems such as congestion, significant social and economic impacts. Vulnerability analysis is necessary to evaluate how well a transportation system will operate when subjected to various types and intensities of disruptions within which affected communities are vulnerable to these risks and their adaptive capacities. Although research on the vulnerability of public transport networks has received more attention due to the impact of incidents on the daily functioning of cities, there is no universal method for such studies because vulnerability is also context-specific. Therefore, this study aims to provide an integrated framework assessment to analyze mode choice vulnerability levels. It involves a risk that might create a disruption in routines and work accessibility in an area. This framework uses a systems approach, identifies and determines vital stakeholders at the regional and community levels, and considers the effects of land-use change and social impacts on public transport networks. This proposed conceptual framework helps develop and provides a basis for discussing goals for future research.

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Batik Kampong in Semarang: A Study of Traditional Urban Settlement Resiliency

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期921卷

作者： L Indrianingrum N Yuliastuti S R Sari J Sholihah E Prihandanii F R Manurung Architecture Program Civil Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Universitas Negeri Semarang Semarang Centra Java Indonesia Architecture and Urban Doctoral Program Diponegoro University Semarang Central Java Indonesia

Kampung Batik Semarang is a common name of a specific yet traditional urban settlement located in northern city center of Semarang because of its leading economic in batik making. It has a strong root of resiliency based on its history in recovering the community's economic and neighbourhood. The aim of this study is to identify the resiliency of kampong batik after certain disaster in the past and the rise and fall of its development. The study is using qualitative approach and descriptive analysis to get depth discussion of efforts of stakeholders and the development of the settlement that leads to the sustainability of this kampong. The result shows that the sustainability of Batik Kampong is related to three factors; there are the historical background, spatial location of the kampung, and the efforts of local government and the community.

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