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Calorimetric evaluation of polymerization thermokinetics of styrene, α-methylstyrene and trans-β-methylstyrene

Journal of Hazardous Materials 2009年第1期161卷 330-335页

作者： Lin, S.Y. Chen, K.Y. Shu, C.M. Doctoral Program Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Sec. 3 Douliou Yunlin 64002 Taiwan

According to literature and our research, the styrene polymerization mechanism is identified by α-methylstyrene (AMS). This study investigated the basic exothermic behavior of styrene and its major derivatives, AMS, and trans-β-methylstyrene (TBMS), by two calorimeters, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal activity monitor (TAM), to compare and evaluate their thermal kinetics on polymerization. DSC and TAM were employed for dynamic scanning and isothermal ageing tests to calculate thermokinetic parameters of styrene and styrene containing 10 ppm 4-tertiary-butylcatechol (TBC), AMS, and TBMS. Certain prominent differences were observed and discussed between AMS and TBMS obtained from DSC and TAM. All of the results could be provided to the relevant plants for lessening the degree of hazard. Results indicated that styrene, AMS, and TBMS have potential exothermic hazards, especially during the higher temperature. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Styrene

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Study of stinging nettle fibers as a reinforcing of composite materials based on its growing region 1

Study of stinging nettle fibers as a reinforcing of composit...

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1st International Conference on Design, Energy, Materials and Manufacture, ICDEMM 2018

作者： Suryawan, I.G.P.A. Suardana, N.P.G. Winaya, I.N.S. Suyasa, I.W.B. Lokantara, I.P. Department of Mechanical Engineering Udayana University Kampus Bukit Jimbaran Bali Indonesia Doctoral Program of Enviromental Science Udayana University Bali Denpasar Indonesia Doctoral Program of Engineering Science Udayana University Bali Denpasar Indonesia

Stinging nettle is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Urticaceae family, In Bali Indonesia called jelatang. This species is considered a weed in intensive agriculture as its fast vegetative growth and high densities enable increased spread and soil coverage. In Tabanan Bali Indonesia several places to grow are in Denbantas altitude 200-500 meters and in Bedugul altitude 1000 -1500 meters above sea level. Nettle fibers are natural fibers that can be utilized as reinforcement for composite materials. Natural fibers have been used worldwide as a potential replacement for glass fiber reinforced composites, over the last few years has been applied in the automotive sector, aircraft interior and interior of the building. Properties of the natural fiber is lighter, easier to handle, not abrasive, and low cost. The objective of this study was to compare the composition and the tensile strength of the fiber nettle based growing areas from Bedugul and Denbantas. The method used is a fiber tensile test equipment, fourier transformer infrared red (FTIR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). From the research of nettle fibers that stinging nettle from Denbantas has a better tensile strength than Bedugul nettle. The TGA test the visible fiber from Denbantas is superior when used as a composite reinforcement. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Scanning electron microscopy

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Modeling the effect of population growth on stream nutrient concentration in turkey creek watershed using the WARMF model

Modeling the effect of population growth on stream nutrient ...

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11th National Symposium on Individual and Small Community Sewage Systems

作者： Geza, M. McCray, John E. Post Doctoral Researcher Environmental Science and Engineering Division Colorado School of Mines Department of Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program Environmental Science and Engineering Division Colorado School of Mines

Population growth and water quality in the foothills of Jefferson County are of concern to County's Board of County Commissioners and the Planning and Zoning Department. The Department desires to meet the needs of residents for adequate supplies of good quality water. The Turkey Creek watershed is representative of the foothills portions of Jefferson County. In 2001 population in the Turkey Creek watershed is estimated at 11,064 residents with projected population growth, using a 2-percent per year rate, at 13,186 residents in 2010, and 15,313 residents in 2020. Wtershed based non-point source (NPS) studies have usually ignored the impact of on-site septic systems (OWS) on the quality of surface water. However, OWS can be a substantial source of nutrients to surface waters. Point discharges from Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) can also contribute to stream pollution from nutrients if treatment efficiency at the WWTP is low. Several models can handle point source discharges from WWTPs. Evaluating nutrient loading from septic systems to streams is a challenging task because most NPS models are not specifically developed to track the fate and transport of nutrients from on-site systems. The Watershed Analysis Risk Management Framework (WARMF) model is adapted to simulate on-site septic systems loading. The 122.2 square-kilometer Turkey Creek watershed is located in Jefferson County, southwest of Denver, Colorado. The topography is mostly steep with elevations ranging from about 1800 m to 3200 m. WARMF model hydrologic calibration was performed using data from the gage station located at Turkey Creek at mouth of canyon near Morrison. Water-quality data collected during flow calibration period was used to guide water quality calibration. The base case scenario is established at year 2001. The scenarios in this study are population at 1990 and projected population at year 2010. The scenario runs will also provide the contributions of different water treatment options

关键词： Nutrients

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Enhancing safety with an AI-empowered assessment and monitoring system for BSL-3 facilities

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Heliyon 2025年第1期11卷 e40855页

作者： Fan, Yi-Ling Hsu, Ching-Han Wu, Ju-Yu Tsai, Ying-Ying Chen, Wei J. Lee, Min-Shi Hsu, Fang-Rong Liao, Lun-De Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes 35 Keyan Road Miaoli County Zhunan Town 350 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering & Environmental Sciences National Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Center for Neuropsychiatric Research National Health Research Institutes 35 Keyan Road Miaoli County Zhunan Town 350 Taiwan National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes 35 Keyan Road Miaoli County Zhunan Town 350 Taiwan Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science Feng Chia University Taichung 407 Taiwan

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has created an urgent demand for research, which has spurred the development of enhanced biosafety protocols in biosafety level (BSL)-3 laboratories to safeguard against the risks associated with handling highly contagious pathogens. Laboratory management failures can pose significant hazards. Methods: An external system captured images of personnel entering a laboratory, which were then analyzed by an AI-based system to verify their compliance with personal protective equipment (PPE) regulations, thereby introducing an additional layer of protection. A deep learning model was trained to detect the presence of essential PPE items, such as clothing, masks, hoods, double-layer gloves, shoe covers, and respirators, ensuring adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) standards. The internal laboratory management system used a deep learning model to delineate alert zones and monitor compliance with the imposed safety protocols. Results: The external detection system was trained on a dataset consisting of 4112 images divided into 15 PPE compliance classes. The model achieved an accuracy of 97.52 % and a recall of 97.03 %. The identification results were presented in real time via a visual interface and simultaneously stored on the administrator's dashboard for future reference. We trained the internal management system on 3347 images, achieving 90 % accuracy and 85 % recall. The results were transmitted in JSON format to the internal monitoring system, which triggered alerts in response to violations of safe practices or alert zones. Real-time notifications were sent to the administrators when the safety thresholds were met. Conclusion: The BSL-3 laboratory monitoring system significantly reduces the risk of exposure to pathogens for personnel during laboratory operations. By ensuring the correct use of PPE and enhancing adherence to the imposed safety protocols, this system contributes to maintaining the integrity of BSL-3 facilities

关键词： Bioengineering Biomedical instrumentation Biomedical laboratory safety Biosafety level-3 laboratory

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Monitoring of water quality and plankton composition in Porong Estuary, Sidoarjo

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2025年第1期3186卷

作者： Uun Yanuhar Muhammad Musa Heru Suryanto Nur Sakinah Junirahma Nico Rahman Caesar Aquatic Resources Management Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Brawijaya University Malang Jl. Veteran Malang 65145 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Malang Malang 65145 Indonesia Master Program of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science University of Brawijaya Jl. Veteran Malang 65145 Indonesia Doctoral program of Environmental Science Postgraduate Program University of Brawijaya Jl. Veteran Malang 65145 Indonesia

Disposal of Lapindo mud which carries nutrients and other dissolved organic matter into the Porong estuary, can cause the death of aquatic organisms due to high contamination and disturbance of aquatic ecosystems. The presence of phytoplankton can explain the current condition of the Porong Estuary. The purpose of this study was to report the water quality and plankton composition of the Porong estuary. The method used in this study is a descriptive survey method. Determination of sampling points using the appropriate sampling method at three stations. The research variables observed included water quality parameters such as temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), total organic matter (TOM), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), carbon dioxide (CO2), biological oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate, ammonia, orthophosphate, salinity and observations of phytoplankton in water bodies. The water quality values at stations 1, 2, and 3 respectively for TSS, pH, DO, BOD, TOM, nitrate, ammonia, orthophosphate shows a less than optimal value. Water conditions based on plankton abundance 24,678 cells/mL, 44,904 cells/mL, 18,312 cells/mL were eutrophic. The average of water quality parameters classified as less than optimal. Relatively, station 1 is the station with the best conditions between stations 2 and 3.

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Sorption-enhanced steam gasification of fine coal waste for fuel producing

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Journal of King Saud University - engineering sciences 2024年第2期36卷 81-88页

作者： Aprianti, Nabila Faizal, Muhammad Said, Muhammad Nasir, Subriyer Doctoral Program of Environmental Science Graduate School Universitas Sriwijaya South Sumatra Palembang30139 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sriwijaya South Sumatra Ogan Ilir30662 Indonesia

Improving the quality of syngas from fine coal waste using the sorption-enhanced gasification process is a novel technology in the production of H2. The effect of CaO on CO2 absorption and H2 increase in the steam fine coal gasification process was determined in a fixed bed gasifier. The steam gasification process took place at 650 °C using bentonite and CaO as catalysts and absorbents. Steam increased the H2 concentration in the syngas to 58 vol%. In-situ CO2 absorption is more effective with the addition of CaO. The maximum percentage of CO2 was absorbed when the Ca/C ratio 2 was 78.33 %. The H2 content in the syngas after the CO2 was absorbed increased rapidly to 75.80 vol% at a Ca-to-carbon-mole ratio (Ca/C) of 1.5 and a steam-to-feedstock ratio (S/F) of 1.5. CaO did not produce significant results for low heating value (LHV) or cold gas efficiency (CGE), with results of 12 MJ/Nm3 and 44.53 %. The dominant water gas shift reaction due to the influence of steam and CaO increased H2/CO up to 9.11, which made the syngas from this work suitable for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Path Planning for an Autonomous Vehicle based on the Ant Colony Algorithm: A Review

Path Planning for an Autonomous Vehicle based on the Ant Col...

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2023 International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing, IWAIIP 2023

作者： Sari, Desi Windi Dwijayanti, Suci Suprapto, Bhakti Yudho Universitas Sriwijaya Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Palembang Indonesia Universitas Sriwijaya Doctoral Program in Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Palembang Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382914

Efficient path planning technology for autonomous vehicles not only yields significant time savings but also contributes to reducing fuel usage. Various methodologies have been introduced and documented in the literature concerning the path planning of autonomous vehicles. While these methodologies may not ensure an optimal solution, they have demonstrated successful applications in their respective contexts, especially the ant colony algorithm. Nevertheless, not many papers discuss the literature review from the viewpoint of ant colony-based path planning. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review encompassing the modeling, optimization criteria, and solution algorithms related to the ant colony for path planning. In this study, the review of the ant colony algorithm is divided into global and local path planning. Based on the review results, the ant colony algorithm appears suitable for global path planning. To achieve better performance, it can be combined with other algorithms such as artificial potential field (APF), genetic algorithm, and particle swarm algorithm. These studies are conducted solely in simulations. Therefore, further research should be carried out to ensure the performance of combining the ant colony and APF for autonomous vehicles for both global and local path planning. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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Enhancing polyethersulfone membrane durability and stability through Eco-friendly green silica from natural kaolin for water treatment applications

Results in Engineering

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Results in engineering 2025年 26卷

作者： Mulyati, Sri Muchtar, Syawaliah Razi, Fachrul Ambarita, Aulia Chintia Luthfiana, Anisa Aulia, Muhammad Prayogie Bilad, Muhammad Roil Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Doctoral Program School of Engineering Science Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Kobe University 1-1 Rokkodai Nada Kobe 647-8501 Japan Faculty of Integrated Technologies Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link BE1410 Brunei Darussalam

Membrane technology is pivotal in addressing global water scarcity;however, issues such as membrane fouling and chemical degradation significantly hinder its operational efficiency and longevity. This study investigates the use of eco-friendly green silica derived from natural kaolin as an additive to enhance the performance of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes fabricated via the phase inversion method. Seven membrane compositions were developed, incorporating varying concentrations of both green silica and commercial silica, to allow a direct performance comparison. The membranes were systematically characterized for hydrophilicity, porosity, pore size distribution, and mechanical stability, while their filtration performance was evaluated in terms of water flux, humic acid (HA) rejection, fouling resistance, and chemical *** findings revealed that green silica enhanced membrane hydrophilicity and porosity at optimal concentrations, leading to improved fouling resistance and cleaning efficiency. Notably, the membrane containing 1 % green silica (M-K3) exhibited a high HA rejection rate of 98.37 % with a moderate water flux of 10.85 L/m²·h, balancing selectivity and permeability. In contrast, membranes containing 1 % commercial silica (M-S3) showed higher water flux (86.83 L/m²·h) but lower HA rejection (73.75 %), highlighting a trade-off. Green silica-modified membranes also demonstrated superior chemical stability, maintaining consistent performance under extended filtration and exposure to cleaning agents. These results underscore the potential of kaolin-derived green silica as a cost-effective, sustainable, and high-performance alternative to commercial additives in water treatment membranes. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Chemical stability Humic acid rejection antifouling Pes membrane Water flux

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Musical Analysis of a Computer Music Project, by Computer-Assistance, for Computer Music Applications 26

Musical Analysis of a Computer Music Project, by Computer-As...

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26th International Computer Music Conference, ICMC 2000

作者： Liu, Jian-Li Hiraga, Rumi Igarashi, Shigeru Doctoral Program in Engineering University of Tsukuba Japan Bunkyo University Japan Department of Computer Science University of Tsukuba Japan

Daphne is a computer-assisted musical analysis system that analyzes musical structure and other information necessary for computer music applications, especially for performance synthesis. The obtained analysis results are stored in a style which extends the information of a note event so that application systems can share analysis information. Providing sheets of real musical scores, Daphne’s design includes a unique function of analysis database which stores analysis result of multiple editions of a piece. Users can make use of the database to consider how performance is generated based on the interpretation of each edition. In this paper, we describe how analysis information is stored and shared among computer music applications — performance synthesis with rules, performance visualization, and automated accompaniment. © 2000 ICMC. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Computer music

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Ant Colony Optimization-Based Path Planning for Autonomous Vehicle Navigation Systems 4

Ant Colony Optimization-Based Path Planning for Autonomous V...

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4th International Conference on Electrical engineering and Computer science, ICECOS 2024

作者： Sari, Desi Windi Dwijayanti, Suci Suprapto, Bhakti Yudho Universitas Sriwijaya Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Doctoral Program in Engineering Science Palembang Indonesia Universitas Sriwijaya Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Palembang Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368253

A crucial aspect of autonomous vehicles is path planning, which involves using various algorithms to determine the most efficient routes. This study investigates the application of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm to create a system for identifying the shortest path. The process includes collecting coordinate data from specific test locations on the Universitas Sriwijaya Indralaya campus to generate a graph-based map for analysis. The study begins with gathering route data through the Google Maps application, which includes 182 routes. In simulation tests, the routes generated by ACO differ from those suggested by Google Maps;sometimes, the ACO route is longer and sometimes shorter, due to the probabilistic nature of the ACO algorithm in finding optimal routes. The average error compared to Google Maps is 11.7 meters. Additional tests introduce obstacles on the road, requiring the system to find alternative routes. For instance, the initial route from the auditorium to the Faculty of science and Math is 38-39-11-53-110-54-111 with a route length of 670 m. After adding a roadblock in front of the Faculty of engineering, the route changes to 38-39-116-40-70-69-56-111, with a route length of 730 meters. These tests demonstrate that the ACO algorithm effectively identifies the best routes for autonomous vehicles, both under normal conditions and when obstacles are present. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ant colony optimization

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