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Supercomputing Frontiers and Innovations 2023年第1期10卷 46-51页

作者： Frolova, Anna A. Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

Polyatomic gas cloud expansion into vacuum under pulsed laser ablation is studied on the basis of one-dimensional model kinetic equation. To account for the influence of internal energy on the vapor-gas cloud parameters (density, temperature, and velocity) a model kinetic equation of the BGK-type is applied, which considers the energy exchange using a two-temperature model. In this approach, the collision integral is approximated by the sum of two terms corresponding to elastic (translational relaxation) and inelastic (rotational relaxation) collisions. Note that the vibrational energy is not taken into account in this paper. The independence of the differential part of transfer equation from the rotational energy makes it possible to reduce the equation to a system with two functions. A comparison of the gas flow macroparameters obtained by the kinetic equations and the DSMC is carried out. The influence of the number of rotational degrees of freedom on the evolution of average temperature and on the gas parameters is shown. The calculations are performed on non-uniform grids in the phase space with global dynamic velocity mesh adaptation to suppress the "ray effect". © The Author 2023. This paper is published with open access at ***

关键词： Boltzmann equation

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Hardware Implementation of the Digital Signal Processing Algorithms in Recurrent Signal Processor on FPGA

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russian Microelectronics 2023年第7期52卷 641-647页

作者： Stepchenkov, Yu. A. Morozov, N.V. Diachenko, Yu. G. Khilko, D.V. Stepchenkov, D. Yu. Shikunov, Yu. I. Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

Abstract: Dataflow architecture is an alternative to traditional von Neumann computing architecture. However, known variants of dataflow architecture have a range of serious problems with no effective solutions up to the present day. This paper represents Hybrid Recurrent Signal Processor’s (HRSP) hardware verification results. It describes HRSP’s register transfer level model implementing its architectural specification and hardware prototype on the HAN Pilot Platform development board with Intel Arria10 field-programmable gate array. HRSP consists of a von Neumann master processor on a control layer and a recurrent dataflow unit on an operational layer. Dataflow unit includes four computing cores. HRSP’s hardware model combines either software or hardware implementation of the control processor and the hardware model of the operational layer. Testing the HRSP’s hardware prototype on the development board using an isolated word recognizer (IWR) as a typical data processing application has proven that the hardware model is bit-exact with both HRSP’s imitation model and the original IWR C++ model. The HRSP’s hardware prototype’s achieved performance ensures IWR’s operation in real-time mode on the development board. It is slightly better than the performance of the TMSC55x (Texas Instruments) digital signal processor. Verification of the HRSP’s hardware implementation on synthetic tests showed that its average performance is 5% higher than the performance of the DSP TMSC55x digital signal processor. The results of the proposed optimization of hardware support for Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) in HRSP prove that such an optimization speeds up the FFT calculation, significantly reduces the capsule size, reduces the required hardware resources and simplifies FFT scaling. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2023. ISSN 1063-7397, russian Microelectronics, 2023, Vol. 52, No. 7, pp. 641–647. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2023. russian Text The Author(s), 2022, published in Izvestiya Vy

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Small sample learning based on probability-informed neural networks for SAR image segmentation

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Neural computing and Applications 2025年第14期37卷 8285-8308页

作者： Dostovalova, Anastasia Gorshenin, Andrey Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilova Str 44/2 Moscow119333 Russia

The paper introduces a probability-informed methodology for the segmentation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images in the case of small sample learning. It assumes that the amount of training data is limited to several hundred or thousand elements, which prevents the effective training of state-of-the-art neural network (NN) models. This is a typical problem for real SAR images whose characteristics depend significantly on the sensors used to produce them and cannot always be repeated within open available datasets. To solve this problem, we propose NN models called Probability-Informed Neural Networks (PrINNs). As part of our approach, we introduce the use of probability models as a source of additional features for data. Specifically, the training dataset is enriched by modeling the pixel brightness using a finite normal mixture. We prove that such an extension can reduce errors in the learning process theoretically. The resulting enriched dataset is segmented using attention-based convolutional NNs or visual transformers. Then, post-processing is implemented based on another probability model—quadtree, which is a special case of random Markov fields. As we have theoretically demonstrated, this part of PrINNs is analogous to the graph-convolutional NNs with fixed weights. Using open SAR images obtained by different radars (namely, Sentinel-1, Capella, ESAR and HRSID) with various types of underlying surfaces, the possibility of improving segmentation quality based on PrINNs is demonstrated. We tested various combinations of methods from the PrINNs architecture, and in all cases, the PrINN approach we proposed was superior to any other combination of these methods. From the point of view of the achieved accuracy metrics, the mean F1 score increased up to 19.24%, and the median F1 score was improved up to 9.57%. Some further architectural improvements to PrINNs are also discussed in the paper. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd

关键词： Image segmentation

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On the Existence of Time-Periodic Solutions of Nonlinear Parabolic Differential Equations with Nonlocal Boundary Conditions of the Bitsadze–Samarskii Type

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Journal of Mathematical sciences (United States) 2024年第6期285卷 880-892页

作者： Solonukha, O.V. Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the RAS Moscow Russian Federation

We study a nonlinear parabolic differential equation in a bounded multidimensional domain with nonlocal boundary conditions of the Bitsadze–Samarskii type. We prove existence theorems for a periodic in time generalized solution. Sufficient conditions for the existence of generalized solutions contain either an algebraic ellipticity condition or an algebraic strong ellipticity condition for an auxiliary differential-difference operator. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： nonlocal boundary conditions of the Bitsadze–Samarskii type operator of shifts in spatial variables parabolic differential equation pseudomonotone operator

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Nonlinear Differential-Difference Equations of Elliptic and Parabolic Type and Their Applications to Nonlocal Problems

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Journal of Mathematical sciences (United States) 2024年第4期285卷 520-638页

作者： Solonukha, O.V. Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the RAS Moscow Russian Federation

In this survey, we study boundary-value problems for nonlinear differential-difference equations of elliptic and parabolic types, as well as related nonlinear equations with nonlocal boundary conditions. The main feature of the equations under consideration is that the difference operator is located in the principal part of the nonlinear operator containing higher-order derivatives. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： elliptic equation ellipticity condition initial boundary-value problem nonlinear differential-difference equations nonlocal boundary conditions operator with semibounded variation parabolic equation periodic solutions pseudomonotone operator shift in spatial variables strong ellipticity condition

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Full polynomial probabilistic FCA-based knowledge extraction 11

Full polynomial probabilistic FCA-based knowledge extraction

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11th International Workshop "What can FCA do for Artificial Intelligence?", FCA4AI 2023

作者： Vinogradov, Dmitry Dorodnicyn Computing Center Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" Russian Academy of Sciences 40 Vavilova St. Moscow119333 Russia

The article demonstrates computational efficiency of the probabilistic approach to knowledge extraction using the FCA. In addition to the result previously proved by the author on sufficiency of a polynomial number of hypotheses (concepts) about the causes of the target property under study, this paper will give a polynomial upper bound on the average running time of the algorithm for generating one concept. The proven result concerns a family of algorithms based on coupling Markov chains for arbitrary formal contexts formed from the positive part of training sets. To get a good estimate for the length of trajectory (before entering to some ergodic state) of such a chain, we had to enrich the representation of the training sample by adding negation for every original binary attribute. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Computational efficiency

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Numerical-Analytical Method for the Burgers Equation with a Periodic Boundary Condition

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Journal of Mathematical sciences (United States) 2024年第3期285卷 301-315页

作者： Bezrodnykh, S.I. Pikulin, S.V. Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation

We construct an efficient numerical-analytical method for solving the initial-boundary value problem for the Burgers equation on a segment with a periodic boundary condition. The method includes the reduction to a linear problem based on an implicit-explicit time discretization scheme and an analytical solution of an auxiliary linear problem at each time step using the explicit form of the corresponding Green’s function. The efficiency of the constructed method is due to the fact that the algorithm for solving the auxiliary problem has only linear complexity in terms of the number of spatial discretization nodes used, without involving difference approximations of the derivatives of the desired function. On the basis of the Cole–Hopf substitution, we obtain an explicit periodic solution of the problem on the interval and compare the results of the numerical implementation of the constructed algorithm with this explicit solution. The developed method demonstrated a combination of high computational efficiency and accuracy of the result. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Burgers equation Green’s function implicit-explicit scheme numerical-analytical method

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russian OLD AGE

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Regional research of Russia 2024年第2期14卷 252-261页

作者： Leksin, V.N. Federal Research Center Computer Science and Control Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation

Abstract: The subject field of this article is aging and old age as natural and irreversible processes in the functioning of an ever-increasing part of the population. These processes are physiologically similar all over the world, but socially and in typical everyday situations, they differ significantly depending on the demographic and socioeconomic specifics of states, on the traditions and social consciousness of different peoples, and russian old age is a clear confirmation of this. The article shows the limited opportunities of russian citizens to live to extreme old age and the contradictions between political declarations about active old age and the realities of age discrimination. The reasons and resilience of the negative perception of russian assisted-living facilities are noted. The incentives for older people to save money for their own burial and the expansion of the practice of estate planning are discussed. Attempts to resist the signs of aging and ideas about medical and technological prospects for achieving physical immortality are considered. In connection with the latter, some considerations are outlined about “how long one should live.”. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2024.

关键词： age discrimination assisted-living facility old age social problems of the elderly transhumanism wills

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The “Other Country” and Its Regional Policy

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Regional research of Russia 2024年第3期14卷 346-356页

作者： Leksin, V.N. Federal Research Center Computer Science and Control Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation

Abstract—: Over the past few years, Russia has again become different. Its confrontation with the “collective West” has reached unprecedented severity, and the sanctions imposed by it have actually stopped Western investments and export–import operations that are very significant for the country. This was partially compensated by the “turn to the East” and efforts to form a self-sufficient (“sovereign”) economy. federal Russia has been augmented by six federal subjects, four of which have been subjected a special military operation for 2 years, and production and infrastructure facilities require reconstruction and rejuvenation mainly at the expense of federal financial and material and technical resources. The accelerated development of enterprises of the military-industrial complex and objects of Russia’s Arctic Zone is accompanied by localization of the country’s economic and infrastructural potential in several regions with ongoing depopulation and desertification of vast territories. The continuing regional policy, according to authoritative scientists, cannot become a systemic regulator of processes of change in a spatially mediated reality. Without intending to consider all aspects and negative consequences of this, the author draws the attention of readers to five issues: (1) Why should Russia of recent years be considered the “other country”? (2) What does state regional policy aspire to achieve and does it take into account the realities of the “other country?” (3) How will the policy of targeted localization of the country’s potential turn out? (4) What does the absence of territorial breakdown of the federal and regional budgets lead to? (5) How are regional policy problems discussed in the latest works by russian scientists? © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2024. ISSN 2079-9705, Regional research of Russia, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 346–356. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2024. russian Text The Author(s), 2024, published in Region: Ekonomika i Sotsiologiya, 2024

关键词： regional policy Russia spatial development strategy

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The Relevance of the Problem of Synthesis of New Materials in Conditions of Innovative Industrial Development

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russian Microelectronics 2023年第8期52卷 810-816页

作者： Zatsarinnyy, A.A. Abgaryan, K.K. Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control " Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow119333 Russia

Abstract: This article discusses current problems of the synthesis of new materials in modern conditions. Today this is the most important strategic task for the innovative development of russian industry. The factors determining the relevance of this task are formulated. A brief analysis of the state of russian microelectronics is given. The importance of mathematical modeling methods and the need to develop innovative approaches in the field of the synthesis of new materials are shown. The main directions of scientific research related to the development of new model concepts, methods, and algorithms used in the field of mathematical modeling of the structures and properties of nanomaterials, as well as systems based on them, discussed at the IV International Conference "Mathematical Modeling in Materials science of Electronic Components" (ICM3SEC-2022), are highlighted. This paper shows that for the further development of methods and means of mathematical modeling, a domestic high-performance environment for scientific research is required, with a comfortable user interface, flexibility in setting up resources, high performance, and reliability. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2023. ISSN 1063-7397, russian Microelectronics, 2023, Vol. 52, No. 8, pp. 810–816. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2023. russian Text The Author(s), 2023, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Elektronika, 2023, Vol. 26, No. 4.

关键词： Microelectronics

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