Stroke is a medical condition which can easily affect the quality of life, depending on how extended the stroke is and what regions of the brain are involved. According to the most recent data cited in WHO, Romania is...
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Poorly damped systems exhibit a high oscillatory behavior making them harder to control. The paper explores the possibilities of controlling a poorly damped system using different fractional order control approaches s...
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Despite manufacturing innovations and the technologies on the rise, solid oral dosage in the pharmaceutical industry is still mass production. Although this is efficient and cost-effective, it is typically based on a ...
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Despite manufacturing innovations and the technologies on the rise, solid oral dosage in the pharmaceutical industry is still mass production. Although this is efficient and cost-effective, it is typically based on a ‘one-size-fits-all’ product concept and lacks the flexibility and agility required to fully meet the needs of the individual patient. Nowadays pharmaceutical industry is experiencing a paradigm shift from batch to continuous manufacturing. This will lead to increased flexibility to target diverse populations as well as more consistent product quality to ensure best efficacy. Continuous processing integrated with online/inline monitoring tools coupled with an efficient automatic feedback control system is highly desired by the pharmaceutical industry. To facilitate the transition from the batch wise production to continuous manufacturing in the pharma industry engineering tools are needed. Hence, the aim of this paper is to enhance the advantage of modeling and control techniques in the field of pharmaceutical applications.
The present study presents the development of an impedance based fractional order model that describe the dynamics of pain assessment based on experimental data. Bioimpedance spectroscopy is used to acquire real-life ...
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Lung cancer treatment management has always been at the interface of medicine, biology, and physics. Rapid progress is being made in the direction of new high-precision technology developments that emerge toward more ...
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This paper focuses on analyzing health problems derived from a sedentary lifestyle. Studies seeking to improve physical activity have shown that a good incentive to increase physical activity requires social feedback,...
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This work studies the classical pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model of Propofol for total intravenous anesthesia in response to intraoperative blood loss. Anesthetic and hemodynamic stability are impaired in...
This work studies the classical pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model of Propofol for total intravenous anesthesia in response to intraoperative blood loss. Anesthetic and hemodynamic stability are impaired in the setting of trauma surgeries or major procedures with high hemorrhage risk. Blood loss has immediate effects on the cardiovascular system, but also affects the plasma concentration of the perioperatively infused drugs. During perioperative transition periods, when fast blood losses occur, the PK models on which the target-controlled infusion (TCI) is based should be updated. Then, the population-based parameters move towards an individualized strategy that accounts also for the actual blood volume in the patient. This paper evaluates the influence of changing blood volume on the PK model of Propofol, hence on the anesthesia state of the patient. The simulations also account for the hemodynamic responses due to the conflicting interactions of both hemorrhage and anesthetic drug infusion. This model has great potential for inclusion in multiple-closed loop control strategies of anesthesia-hemodynamic states, as it is simple and adapted from well-known PK models, for which control strategies are already mature.
This paper proposes a Model Predictive control (MPC) approach of both anesthesia and hemodynamic systems. The designed control strategy has been validated on a novel and unique patient simulator. The aim of this paper...
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This paper proposes a Model Predictive control (MPC) approach of both anesthesia and hemodynamic systems. The designed control strategy has been validated on a novel and unique patient simulator. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the feasibility MIMO closed-loop control of anesthesia and hemodynamic variables taking into account the interaction (synergic and antagonistic) between subsystems. The proposed methodology takes into account patient variability, is robust to subsystems interaction and meets the clinical objectives. The algorithm is tested in simulation on a hypnosis-hemodynamic combined model for use during general anesthesia. The preliminary results are promising and show the effectiveness of the control procedure.
This paper proposes two modeling approaches to predict lung tumor dynamics as an effect of radiotherapy. Real clinical information of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing stereotactic body radiation ...
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This paper proposes two modeling approaches to predict lung tumor dynamics as an effect of radiotherapy. Real clinical information of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) as the primary treatment method has been used for numerical simulations. The classical Gompertz model for tumor volume growth prediction was modified using a fractional parameter and combined with the linear-quadratic model to foresee the effect of SBRT on the targeted tumor. Another approach was implemented by following a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PKPD) minimal compartmental model for single therapy with SBRT. Statistical analysis has been carried out to compare the two models. In terms of tumor growth prediction, obtained results indicated a decrease in the total tumor volume for both modeling approaches. A striking observation to emerge from the data comparison is the interesting perspective of fractional tools for further exploration in modeling tumor growth.
All drug regulatory paradigms are dependent on the hemodynamic system as it serves to distribute and clear the drug in/from the body. In this work, stabilization of hemodynamic variables within the context of maintain...
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All drug regulatory paradigms are dependent on the hemodynamic system as it serves to distribute and clear the drug in/from the body. In this work, stabilization of hemodynamic variables within the context of maintaining general anesthesia conditions is presented. Several methods for robust control are employed, all based on the emerging fractional order control algorithm with inherent robustness to gain and phase margin variations. These are important due to the inter- and intra- patient variability at hand. The results indicate the great suitability of fractional order control as a substantially robust algorithm which can be used in combination with regulatory schemes for better closed loop performance. The challenges of the hemodynamic system under analysis here is the high coupling (multivariable system) with delay-dominant dynamics. Additionally, disturbance from the anesthesia-regulatory system and realistic surgical stimulation profiles are incorporated to complete the analysis. The results support the claims.
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