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arXiv 2025年

作者： An, Zhaochong Sun, Guolei Liu, Yun Li, Runjia Han, Junlin Konukoglu, Ender Belongie, Serge Department of Computer Science University of Copenhagen Denmark Computer Vision Laboratory ETH Zurich Switzerland College of Computer Science Nankai University China Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford United Kingdom

Generalized few-shot 3D point cloud segmentation (GFS-PCS) adapts models to new classes with few support samples while retaining base class segmentation. Existing GFS-PCS methods enhance prototypes via interacting with support or query features but remain limited by sparse knowledge from few-shot samples. Meanwhile, 3D vision-language models (3D VLMs), generalizing across open-world novel classes, contain rich but noisy novel class knowledge. In this work, we introduce a GFS-PCS framework that synergizes dense but noisy pseudo-labels from 3D VLMs with precise yet sparse few-shot samples to maximize the strengths of both, named GFS-VL. Specifically, we present a prototype-guided pseudo-label selection to filter low-quality regions, followed by an adaptive infilling strategy that combines knowledge from pseudo-label contexts and few-shot samples to adaptively label the filtered, unlabeled areas. Additionally, we design a novel-base mix strategy to embed few-shot samples into training scenes, preserving essential context for improved novel class learning. Moreover, recognizing the limited diversity in current GFS-PCS benchmarks, we introduce two challenging benchmarks with diverse novel classes for comprehensive generalization evaluation. Experiments validate the effectiveness of our framework across models and datasets. Our approach and benchmarks provide a solid foundation for advancing GFS-PCS in the real world. The code is at here. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Visual languages

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Tera-MIND: Tera-scale mouse brain simulation via spatial mRNA-guided diffusion

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wu, Jiqing Berg, Ingrid Li, Yawei Konukoglu, Ender Koelzer, Viktor H. Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel Switzerland Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Hospital University of Zurich Switzerland Computer Vision Lab ETH Zurich Switzerland Integrated System Laboratory ETH Zurich Switzerland Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology University Hospital Basel Switzerland

Holistic 3D modeling of molecularly defined brain structures is crucial for understanding complex brain functions. Emerging tissue profiling technologies enable the construction of a comprehensive atlas of the mammalian brain with sub-cellular resolution and spatially resolved gene expression data. However, such tera-scale volumetric datasets present significant computational challenges in understanding complex brain functions within their native 3D spatial context. Here, we propose the novel generative approach Tera-MIND, which can simulate Tera-scale Mouse braINs in 3D using a patch-based and boundary-aware Diffusion model. Taking spatial transcriptomic data as the conditional input, we generate virtual mouse brains with comprehensive cellular morphological detail at teravoxel scale. Through the lens of 3D gene-gene self-attention, we identify spatial molecular interactions for key transcriptomic pathways in the murine brain, exemplified by glutamatergic and dopaminergic neuronal systems. Importantly, these in-silico biological findings are consistent and reproducible across three tera-scale virtual mouse brains. Therefore, Tera-MIND showcases a promising path toward efficient and generative simulations of whole organ systems for biomedical research. Project website: https://***/*** © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Mammals

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ICT: In-field calibration transfer for air qality sensor deployments

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Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 2019年第1期3卷 1–19页

作者： Cheng, Yun He, Xiaoxi Zhou, Zimu Thiele, Lothar ETH Zurich Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory Zurich Switzerland

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in urban air pollution monitoring, where hundreds of low-cost air quality sensors are deployed city-wide. To guarantee data accuracy and consistency, these sensors need periodic calibration after deployment. Since access to ground truth references is often limited in large-scale deployments, it is diJJicult to conduct city-wide post-deployment sensor calibration. In this work we propose In-field Calibration Transfer (ICT), a calibration scheme that transfers the calibration parameters of source sensors (with access to references) to target sensors (without access to references). On observing that (i) the distributions of ground truth in both source and target locations are similar and (ii) the transformation is approximately linear, ICT derives the transformation based on the similarity of distributions with a novel optimization formulation. The performance of ICT is further improved by exploiting spatial prediction of air quality levels and multi-source fusion. Experiments show that ICT is able to calibrate the target sensors as if they had direct access to the references. © 2019 Association for Computing Machinery.

关键词： Air quality

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W-Air: Enabling personal air pollution monitoring on wearables

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Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 2018年第1期2卷 1–25页

作者： Maag, Balz Zhou, Zimu Thiele, Lothar ETH Zurich Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory Zurich Switzerland

Accurate, portable and personal air pollution sensing devices enable quantification of individual exposure to air pollution, personalized health advice and assistance applications. Wearables are promising (e.g., on wristbands, attached to belts or backpacks) to integrate commercial off-the-shelf gas sensors for personal air pollution sensing. Yet previous research lacks comprehensive investigations on the accuracies of air pollution sensing on wearables. In response, we proposed W-Air, an accurate personal multi-pollutant monitoring platform for wearables. We discovered that human emissions introduce non-linear interference when low-cost gas sensors are integrated into wearables, which is overlooked in existing studies. W-Air adopts a sensor-fusion calibration scheme to recover high-fidelity ambient pollutant concentrations from the human interference. It also leverages a neural network with shared hidden layers to boost calibration parameter training with fewer measurements and utilizes semi-supervised regression for calibration parameter updating with little user intervention. We prototyped W-Air on a wristband with low-cost gas sensors. Evaluations demonstrated that W-Air reports accurate measurements both with and without human interference and is able to automatically learn and adapt to new environments. 2018 Association for Computing Machinery.

关键词： Calibration

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Mixed Small Gain and Phase Theorem: A new view using Scale Relative Graphs

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Baron-Prada, Eder Anta, Adolfo Padoan, Alberto Dörfler, Florian Austrian Institute of Technology Vienna1210 Austria Automatic Control Laboratory ETH Zurich Zürich8092 Switzerland Austrian Institute of Technology Vienna1210 Austria Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of British Columbia Canada Automatic Control Laboratory ETH Zürich Zürich8092 Switzerland

We introduce a novel approach to feedback stability analysis for linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, overcoming the limitations of the sectoriality assumption in the small phase theorem. While phase analysis for single-input single-output (SISO) systems is well-established, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems lack a comprehensive phase analysis until recent advances introduced with the small-phase theorem. A limitation of the small-phase theorem is the sectorial condition, which states that an operator’s eigenvalues must lie within a specified angle sector of the complex plane. We propose a framework based on Scaled Relative Graphs (SRGs) to remove this assumption. We derive two main results: a graphical set-based stability condition using SRGs and a small-phase theorem with no sectorial assumption. These results broaden the scope of phase analysis and feedback stability for MIMO systems. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： MIMO systems

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SCAN: Multi-hop calibration for mobile sensor arrays

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Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 2017年第2期1卷 1–21页

作者： Maag, Balz Zhou, Zimu Saukh, Olga Thiele, Lothar Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory ETH Zurich Switzerland

Urban air pollution monitoring with mobile, portable, low-cost sensors has attracted increasing research interest for their wide spatial coverage and affordable expenses to the general public. However, low-cost air quality sensors not only drift over time but also suffer from cross-sensitivities and dependency on meteorological effects. Therefore calibration of measurements from low-cost sensors is indispensable to guarantee data accuracy and consistency to be fit for quantitative studies on air pollution. In this work we propose sensor array network calibration (SCAN), a multi-hop calibration technique for dependent low-cost sensors. SCAN is applicable to sets of co-located, heterogeneous sensors, known as sensor arrays, to compensate for cross-sensitivities and dependencies on meteorological influences. SCAN minimizes error accumulation over multiple hops of sensor arrays, which is unattainable with existing multi-hop calibration techniques. We formulate SCAN as a novel constrained least-squares regression and provide a closed-form expression of its regression parameters. We theoretically prove that SCAN is free from regression dilution even in presence of measurement noise. In-depth simulations demonstrate that SCAN outperforms various calibration techniques. Evaluations on two real-world low-cost air pollution sensor datasets comprising 66 million samples collected over three years show that SCAN yields 16% to 60% lower error than state-of-the-art calibration techniques. © 2017 Association for Computing Machinery.

关键词： Calibration

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Variational approach to the dynamics of dissipative quantum impurity models

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Physical Review B 2025年第15期111卷 155113-155113页

作者： Yi-Fan Qu Martino Stefanini Tao Shi Tilman Esslinger Sarang Gopalakrishnan Jamir Marino Eugene Demler Institute for Theoretical Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zurich Switzerland Institut für Physik Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz D-55099 Mainz Germany CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute for Quantum Electronics & Quantum Center ETH Zurich 8093 Zurich Switzerland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08540 USA

Recent experiments with quantum simulators using ultracold atoms and superconducting qubits have demonstrated the potential of controlled dissipation as a versatile tool for realizing correlated many-body states. However, determining the dynamics of dissipative quantum many-body systems remains a significant analytical and numerical challenge. In this paper, we focus on a dissipative impurity problem as a testbed for new methodological developments. We introduce an efficient nonperturbative framework that combines the superposition of Gaussian states variational ansatz with the quantum trajectory approach to simulate open systems featuring a dissipative impurity. Applying this method to a spinful impurity subject to two-body losses and embedded in a bath of noninteracting fermions, we explore the full crossover from weak to strong dissipation regimes. The nonperturbative nature of the SGS ansatz allows us to thoroughly examine this crossover, providing comprehensive insights into the behavior of the system. In the strong dissipation regime, our approach reproduces the finding that localized two-body losses can induce the Kondo effect [Stefanini et al., arXiv:2406.03527], characterized by a slowdown of spin relaxation and an enhancement of charge conductance. Furthermore, we reveal an exotic negative conductance phenomenon at zero potential bias—a counterintuitive single-body effect resulting from intermediate dissipation and finite bandwidth. Finally, we investigate the formation of ferromagnetic domains and propose an extension to realize a higher-spin Kondo model using localized dissipation.

关键词： Variational techniques

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System Level Synthesis for Affine Control Policies: Model Based and Data-Driven Settings

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Schüepp, Lukas De Pasquale, Giulia Dörfler, Florian Alonso, Carmen Amo Automatic Control Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology ETH Zurich Physikstrasse 3 Zurich8092 Switzerland Computer Science Department of Stanford University Palo AltoCA United States Control Systems Group Department of Electrical Engineering TU Eindhoven Flux Groene Loper 19 Eindhoven5612AP Netherlands

There is an increasing need for effective control of systems with complex dynamics, particularly through data-driven approaches. System Level Synthesis (SLS) has emerged as a powerful framework that facilitates the control of large-scale systems while accounting for model uncertainties. SLS approaches are currently limited to linear systems and time-varying linear control policies, thus limiting the class of achievable control strategies. We introduce a novel closed-loop parameterization for time-varying affine control policies, extending the SLS framework to a broader class of systems and policies. We show that the closed-loop behavior under affine policies can be equivalently characterized using past system trajectories, enabling a fully data-driven formulation. This parameterization seamlessly integrates affine policies into optimal control problems, allowing for a closed-loop formulation of general Model Predictive Control (MPC) problems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to extend SLS to affine policies in both model-based and data-driven settings, enabling an equivalent formulation of MPC problems using closed-loop maps. We validate our approach through numerical experiments, demonstrating that our model-based and data-driven affine SLS formulations achieve performance on par with traditional model-based MPC. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Distributed parameter control systems

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Towards SDN Based Queuing Delay Estimation

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China Communications 2016年第3期13卷 27-36页

作者： MA Haiyan YAN Jinyao Panagiotis Georgopoulos Bernhard Plattner Faculty of Science and Technology Communication University of China Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich)

As one of Qo S(Quality of Service) metrics, delay is critical important to delay sensitive applications, such as interactive video, network game and online surgery. In this paper, we exploit SDN(Software Defined Networking) advantages to solve delay Qo S problem. Our work mainly focuses on SDN based queuing delay estimation with real traffic and end-to-end delay control. First, we propose a queuing estimation model and extended it for end-to-end delay of the whole path. It is proved to be feasible and accurate with experimental results in SDN environment. Second, in order to demonstrate the use of our proposed model, we also implement an end-to-end delay control application in SDN. It fulfills specific delay Qo S requirements by dynamically switching flows to a suitable queue based on estimation results and delay requirements.

关键词： autonomic Qo S dynamic model delay performance SDN

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GPS-equipped wireless sensor network node for high-accuracy positioning applications 12

GPS-equipped wireless sensor network node for high-accuracy ...

引用

9th European Conference on Wireless Sensor networks, EWSN 2012

作者： Buchli, Bernhard Sutton, Felix Beutel, Jan Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9783642281686

This work presents the design, implementation, and end-to-end system concept and integration of a wireless data acquisition system for high-accuracy positioning applications. A wireless network of GPS-equipped sensor nodes, built from low-cost off-the-shelf components, autonomously acquires L1 GPS data for Differential GPS (DGPS) processing of raw satellite information. The differential processing on the backend infrastructure achieves relative position and motion of individual nodes within the network with sub-centimeter accuracy. Leveraging on global GPS time synchronization, network-wide synchronized measurement scheduling, and duty-cycling coupled with power optimized operation and robustness against harsh environmental conditions make the introduced sensor node well suited for monitoring or surveying applications in remote areas. Unattended operation, high spatial and temporal coverage and low cost distinguish this approach from traditional, very costly and time consuming approaches. The prototype data acquisition system based on a low-power mote equipped with a commercially available GPS module has been successfully implemented and validated in a testbed setting. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Global positioning system

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