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Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing Systems

作者： Carolynne Lord Adrian Friday Adrian Jackson Caroline Bird Chris Preist Simon Lambert Gabin Kayumbi Kelly Widdicks UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Lancaster United Kingdom and School of Computing and Communications Lancaster University Lancaster United Kingdom School of Computing and Communications Lancaster University Lancaster United Kingdom EPCC The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom School of Computer Science University of Bristol Bristol United Kingdom Scientific Computing Department Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) Didcot United Kingdom The Alan Turing Institute London United Kingdom UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Lancaster United Kingdom

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Optimizing Fire Safety: Reducing False Alarms Using Advanced Machine Learning Techniques

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Jamal, Muhammad Hassan Alazeb, Abdulwahab Bakhsh, Shahid Allah Boulila, Wadii Shah, Syed Aziz Khattak, Aizaz Ahmad Khan, Muhammad Shahbaz Department of Computer Sciences Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad45320 Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran University Najran61441 Saudi Arabia Department of Cyber Security National University of Science & Technology Karachi75350 Pakistan College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Centre for Intelligent Healthcare Coventry University CoventryCVl 5FB United Kingdom School of Computing Engineering and the Built Environment Edinburgh Napier University EdinburghEHlO 5DT United Kingdom

Fire safety practices are important to reduce the extent of destruction caused by fire. While smoke alarms help save lives, firefighters struggle with the increasing number of false alarms. This paper presents a precise and efficient Weighted ensemble model for decreasing false alarms. It estimates the density, computes weights according to the high and low-density regions, forwards the high region weights to KNN and low region weights to XGBoost and combines the predictions. The proposed model is effective at reducing response time, increasing fire safety, and minimizing the damage that fires cause. A specifically designed dataset for smoke detection is utilized to test the proposed model. In addition, a variety of ML models, such as Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Nai:ve Bayes (NB), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Adaptive Boosting (ADAB), have also been utilized. To maximize the use of the smoke detection dataset, all the algorithms utilize the SMOTE re-sampling technique. After evaluating the assessment criteria, this paper presents a concise summary of the comprehensive findings obtained by comparing the outcomes of all models. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Smoke detectors

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A Chaotic Image Encryption Scheme Using Novel Geometric Block Permutation and Dynamic Substitution

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ali, Muhammad Ahmad, Jawad Khan, Muhammad Abdullah Hussain Ullah, Safee Rehman, Mujeeb Ur Shah, Syed Aziz Khan, Muhammad Shahbaz Department of Electrical Engineering HITEC University Taxila47080 Pakistan Cyber Security Center Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University Al Khobar31952 Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Informatics De Montfort University LeicesterLEl 9BH United Kingdom Research Centre for Intelligent Healthcare Coventry University CoventryCVl 5FB United Kingdom School of Computing Engineering and the Built Environment Edinburgh Napier University EdinburghEHlO 5DT United Kingdom

In this digital era, ensuring the security of digital data during transmission and storage is crucial. Digital data, particularly image data, needs to be protected against unauthorized access. To address this, this paper presents a novel image encryption scheme based on a confusion diffusion architecture. The diffusion module introduces a novel geometric block permutation technique, which effectively scrambles the pixels based on geometric shape extraction of pixels. The image is converted into four blocks, and pixels are extracted from these blocks using L-shape, U-shape, square-shape, and inverted U-shape patterns for each block, respectively. This robust extraction and permutation effectively disrupts the correlation within the image. Furthermore, the confusion module utilises bit-XOR and dynamic substitution techniques. For the bit-XOR operation, 2D Henon map has been utilised to generate a chaotic seed matrix, which is bit-XORed with the scrambled image. The resultant image then undergoes the dynamic substitution process to complete confusion phase. A statistical security analysis demonstrates the superior security of the proposed scheme with high uncertainty and unpredictability, achieving an entropy of 7.9974 and a correlation coefficient of 0.0014. These results validate the proposed scheme's effectiveness in securing digital images. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Digital image storage

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Simulation of the MC88000 microprocessor system on a transputer network 2nd

Simulation of the MC88000 microprocessor system on a transpu...

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2nd European Distributed Memory computing Conference, EDMCC 1991

作者： Robertson, Alexander R. Ibbett, Roland N. Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre and Department of Computer Science University of Edinburgh The King’s Buildings EdinburghEH9 3JZ United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783540539513

This project investigated the feasibility of building a General Purpose Architecture Simulator on an MIMD transputer network. In the course of this study an Occam2 simulation of the 88100 Reduced Instruction Set micro-processor was developed on an MIMD T800 transputer Surface. A T414 graphics processor with *** functions was configured to produce a visual presentation of the architecture’s internal data flows, indicating, for example, the occurrence of read after write conflicts and providing useful information for performance analysis. Work Bench Test programs were written in 88000 assembly code including a convolution test program composed of load/store, integer and floating point arithmetic and conditional/unconditional control transfer instructions, which ran at an average throughput of 8 MIPS. The simulation program was distributed over a grid of transputers using the software harness tiny in an attempt to speedup the simulation runtime. Simulated performance was verified by a direct comparison with the Vax accerelator, an 88000 system (courtesy of SUPERCOSMOS, edinburgh Royal Observatory), that could run a deblender sampling algorithm 10 times faster than a Vax machine, with an estimated performance of 8 to 9 MIPs. The inherent flexibility supported by Occam2 and the transputer environment was evaluated by attempting to alter the 88000 system architecture. Further performance improvement was achieved by developing a Front Panel Display to visualise internal data flow bottlenecks that were eliminated by optimising test program code. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1991.

关键词： Transputers

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Edge-Cloud Synergy: Unleashing the Potential of parallel Processing for Big Data Analytics 13

Edge-Cloud Synergy: Unleashing the Potential of Parallel Pro...

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13th IEEE Annual Information Technology, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference, IEMCON 2022

作者： Singh, Raghubir Kiss, Tamas Department of Computer Science and Engineering Centre for Parallel Computing University of Westminster London United Kingdom

ISBN: (数字)9781665463164

ISBN: (纸本)9781665463164

If an edge-node orchestrator can partition Big Data tasks of variable computational complexity between the edge and cloud resources, major reductions in total task completion times can be achieved even at low Wide Area Network (WAN) speeds. The percentage time savings are greater with increasing task computational complexity and higher WAN speeds are required for low-complexity tasks. We demonstrate from numerical simulations that low-complexity tasks can benefit either by task partitioning between an edge node and multiple cloud servers. The orchestrator can also achieve greater time benefits by rerouting Big Data tasks directly to a single cloud resource if the balance of parameters (WAN speed and the ratio between edge and cloud processing speeds) is favourable. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Wide area networks

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Gasimo: A global address space simulation model 10

Gasimo: A global address space simulation model

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3rd International ICST Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques, SIMUTools 2010

作者： Marurngsith, Worawan Ibbett, Roland N. Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science and Technology Thammasat University Pathum Thani12121 Thailand Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH9 3JZ United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9789639799875

The partitioned global address space (PGAS) programming model has gained attention as a robust model suitable for a diversity of emerging concurrent architectures. PGAS offers more scalability over the former distributed shared memory system (DSM) by supporting asynchronous execution based on message passing. Combining asynchronous communication with the facility to make the location of data transparent, applications written in PGAS languages have to trade off the benefits of concurrent architectures with the overhead caused by accessing distant memories. Here we present an effective simulation model to reflect the cost of distant memory accesses on a PGAS system. The model, called Gasimo, simulates a generic PGAS execution environment on top of a cluster of homogeneous dual-core machines. Gasimo is a parallel extension of a particular DSM simulator, called DSiMCluster, which has been implemented on top of a discrete event simulation (DES) engine known as HASE. © Copyright 2010 ICST.

关键词： Discrete event simulation

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Grid-based metadata services

Grid-based metadata services

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Proceedings - 16th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Databse Management, SSDBM 2004

作者： Deelman, Ewa Singh, Gurmeet Atkinson, Malcolm P. Chervenak, Ann Hong, Neil P. Chue Kesselman, Carl Patil, Sonal Pearlman, Laura Su, Mei-Hui Information Sciences Institute University of Southern California Department of Computing Science University of Glasgow Division of Informatics University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre United Kingdom

Data sets being managed in Grid environments today are growing at a rapid rate, expected to reach 100s of Petabytes in the near future. Managing such large data sets poses challenges for efficient data access, data publication and data discovery. In this paper we focus on the data publication and discovery process through the use of descriptive metadata. This metadata describe the properties of individual data items and collections. We discuss issues of metadata services in service rich environments, such as the Grid. We describe the requirements and the architecture for such services in the context of Grid and the available Grid services. We present a data model that can capture the complexity of the data publication and discovery process. Based on that model we identify a set of interfaces and operations that need to be provided to support metadata management. We present a particular implementation of a Grid metadata service, basing it on existing Grid services technologies. Finally we examine alternative implementations of that service.

关键词： Metadata

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A Review and Collection of Metrics and Benchmarks for Quantum computers: definitions, methodologies and software

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Lall, Deep Agarwal, Abhishek Zhang, Weixi Lindoy, Lachlan Lindström, Tobias Webster, Stephanie Hall, Simon Chancellor, Nicholas Wallden, Petros Garcia-Patron, Raul Kashefi, Elham Kendon, Viv Pritchard, Jonathan Rossi, Alessandro Datta, Animesh Kapourniotis, Theodoros Georgopoulos, Konstantinos Rungger, Ivan National Physical Laboratory Hampton Road TeddingtonTW11 0LW United Kingdom School of Informatics QSL University of Edinburgh 10 Crichton Street EdinburghEH8 9AB United Kingdom School of Computing Newcastle University 1 Science Square Newcastle upon TyneNE4 5TG United Kingdom Department of Physics Joint Quantum Centre Durham University South Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Phasecraft Ltd. London United Kingdom Sorbonne Université CNRS LIP6 Paris75005 France Department of Physics University of Strathclyde GlasgowG4 0NG United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Warwick CoventryCV4 7AL United Kingdom National Quantum Computing Centre DidcotOX11 0QX United Kingdom Department of Computer Science Royal Holloway University of London EghamTW20 0EX United Kingdom

Quantum computers have the potential to provide an advantage over classical computers in a number of areas. The quest towards such quantum advantage has required the development of methods to benchmark the performance of quantum computers against classical computers as well as the relative performance of different quantum computing platforms. This is a challenging task, firstly due to the large diversity of hardware platforms, and secondly due to the emergence of two different approaches to quantum computing, one being a gate-based approach for universal quantum computation, and the other an analogue approach tailored to outperforming classical computers for specific tasks. Numerous metrics to benchmark the performance of quantum computers, ranging from their individual hardware components to entire applications, have been proposed over the years. Navigating the resulting extensive literature can be overwhelming. Objective comparisons are further hampered in practice as different variations of the same metric are used, and the data disclosed together with a reported metric value is often not sufficient to reproduce the measurements. This article addresses these challenges by providing a review of metrics and benchmarks for quantum computers and 1) a comprehensive collection of benchmarks allowing holistic comparisons of quantum computers, 2) a consistent format of the definitions across all metrics including a transparent description of the methodology and of the main assumptions and limitations, and 3) a reproducible approach by linking the metrics to open-source software used to evaluate them. The benchmarks span aspects of a device such as architectural properties, quality, speed, and stability, and also include metrics tailored to several non-gate-based architectures. Quantum computing technology has reached the stage where a number of methods for performance characterization are backed by a large body of real-world implementation and use, as well as by theoreti

关键词： Quantum computers

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The edinburgh Multi-Access System scheduling and allocation procedures in the resident supervisor

The Edinburgh Multi-Access System scheduling and allocation ...

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International Symposium on Operating Systems, 1974

作者： Shelness, N.H. Stephens, P.D. Whitfield, H. Department of Computer Science Edinburgh University United Kingdom Edinburgh Regional Computing Centre United Kingdom Mathematisch Instituut Rijskuniversiteit te Groninigen Netherlands

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Interacting dark energy constraints from the full-shape analyses of BOSS DR12 and DES Year 3 measurements

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tsedrik, M. Lee, S. Markovic, K. Carrilho, P. Pourtsidou, A. Moretti, C. Bose, B. Huff, E. Robertson, A. Taylor, P.L. Zuntz, J. Institute for Astronomy University of Edinburgh Royal Observatory Blackford Hill EdinburghEH9 3HJ United Kingdom Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics School of Physics and Astronomy EdinburghEH9 3FD United Kingdom Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive PasadenaCA91109 United States SISSA - International School for Advanced Studies Via Bonomea 265 Trieste34136 Italy Centro Nazionale ‘High Performance Computer Big Data and Quantum Computing’ Italy INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste Via Tiepolo 11 TriesteI-34143 Italy Observatories Carnegie Institution for Science 813 Santa Barbara Street PasadenaCA91101 United States The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Physics The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Astronomy The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States

Dark Scattering (DS) is an interacting dark energy model characterised by pure momentum exchange between dark energy and dark matter. It is phenomenologically interesting because it is unconstrained by CMB data and can alleviate the S8 tension. We derive constraints on cosmological and DS parameters using three two-point correlation functions (3×2pt) from the Dark Energy Survey third year data release (DES Y3). We then add information from the multipoles of the galaxy power spectrum combined with Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) measurements using the twelfth data release of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS DR12) and external BAO measurements. We compare results from the direct combination of the probes with the joint posterior distribution calculated with a normalising flow approach. Additionally, we run a CMB analysis with the Planck Public Release 4 (PR4) for comparison of the cosmological constraints. Overall, we find that the combination of probes allows minimising the projection effects and improves constraints without the need to include CMB information. It brings the marginalised posterior maxima closer to the corresponding best-fit values and weakens the sensitivity to the priors of the spectroscopic modelling nuisance parameters. These findings are highly relevant in light of forthcoming data of surveys like DESI, Euclid, and Rubin. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Dark energy

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