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15th International Renewable Energy Congress, IREC 2025

作者： Ghambirlou, Khaled Abosnina, Adel Ali Moschopoulos, Gerry Western University Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering London Canada College of Electrical and Electronics Technology Benghazi Libya

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516772

Dealing with voltage sags during motor startup is crucial because they can delay power restoration and lead to widespread failures for industrial loads and distribution systems. A novel approach is introduced to investigate voltage sag in distribution networks using solid-state transformers (SSTs) instead of traditional ones. The induction motor startup model is employed to simulate voltage sags, accurately representing the characteristics influenced by conventional industrial loads. The inherent capabilities of SSTs are leveraged to mitigate these voltage sag issues effectively. This study focuses on analyzing voltage sags caused by the activation of induction motors in power systems, with particular emphasis on SST technology, which actively regulates voltage during motor starting by controlling reactive power. The selected distribution system is implemented and tested using MATLAB/Simulink. The results will be compared with previous research on voltage sag during motor startup, demonstrating the improvements and effectiveness of using SSTs in managing power quality issues. This study emphasizes the potential of SSTs to improve the stability and reliability of power systems during the challenging conditions of motor startup. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Distribution transformers

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Capacitor voltage unbalance minimization for three-phase five-level diode-clamped inverter using hexagonal hysteresis space vector modulation

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MULTISCALE AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY MODELING EXPERIMENTS AND DESIGN 2024年第2期7卷 661-671页

作者： Ramkumar, R. Singh, Manmohan Ramkumar, R. Usha, S. Thentral, T. M. Thamizh Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chengalpattu India Department of Computer Engineering and Application GLA University Mathura India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering School of Engineering and Technology Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan University Trichy India Department of Renewable Energy University of Maroua National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

This article suggests a method for diminishing the voltage unbalance in a three-phase five-level diode-clamped inverter (DCI) through the use of hexagonal hysteresis space vector modulation (HHSVM). Capacitor voltage balancing leads to enhanced system efficiency, reduced stress on components, enhanced performance, abridged electromagnetic interference, and reduced total harmonic distortion. The proposed modulation technique and its implementation are thoroughly examined in this study, along with modeling and experiment data that show how efficient the method is at lowering the capacitor voltage unbalance in the proposed five-level DCI. Capacitor voltage unbalance is reduced with the use of this HHSVM approach to 0.95%, which is a superior reduction compared to traditional PWM methods. The paper also discusses the advantages of the proposed method over other existing methods, making it a promising solution for practical applications in power electronics systems.

关键词： Diode-clamped inverter (DCI) Capacitor voltage balancing Hexagonal hysteresis space vector modulation (HHSVM) Total harmonic distortion

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Correntropy-Based Data Selective Adaptive Filtering

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 2024年第2期71卷 754-766页

作者： Chien, Ying-Ren Wu, Sheng-Teng Tsao, Hen-Wai Diniz, Paulo S.R. Adaptive and Autonomous Communication Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering National Ilan University Yilan City260007 Taiwan College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Program of Electrical Engineering Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering COPPE/Poli Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro68504 Brazil

Data selection can be used in conjunction with adaptive filtering algorithms to avoid unnecessary weight updating and thereby reduce computational overhead. This paper presents a novel correntropy-based data selection method as an alternative to conventional data selection mechanisms based on squared error values. We developed a variable correntropy sensing algorithm to maximize the instantaneous correntropy function for the Gaussian kernel function to mitigate the impact of impulse noise and other forms of noise that can be disregarded in data selection. The proposed data selection mechanism can be implemented with any adaptive filtering algorithm. In simulations, the proposed method (implemented with the least mean squared algorithm) outperformed comparable error-based data selection schemes in terms of hit rate and miss rate, and the resulting weight updating ratio was close to the expected weight updating ratio. © 2023 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission.

关键词： Adaptive filters

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Performance Enhancement of High-gain STDA Antennas with Reflector for 4G LTE and Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications: Design, Measurement, and Analysis

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 2024年 139卷 87-94页

作者： Wasim, Mohd Khera, Shelej Islam, Tanvir Malik, Praveen Kumar Asha, Sivaji Das, Sudipta School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Lovely Professional University Phagwara144411 India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States Saveetha Engineering College Saveetha Nagar Thandalam Chennai602105 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering IMPS College of Engineering and Technology West Bengal Malda732103 India

The paper focuses on the design, measurement, and performance analysis of a high-gain cross-orthogonal series fed two dipole antenna (STDA) arrays with side-wall reflectors. The antenna is specifically designed for 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) and sub-6 GHz 5G band applications. The designed antenna is capable of operating at multiple frequencies aiming to support 4G LTE and the sub-6 GHz 5G application bands. To improve the radiation characteristics and prevent coupling effects in the presence of side-wall reflectors, parasitic strip pair directors are included in the antenna design. Furthermore, the performance of the designed STDA is evaluated by forming different array configurations, such as 2 × 1, 2 × 2, and 2 × 3 arrays. The various array configurations are proposed to investigate the effect of the projected array arrangements on the radiation pattern, impedance bandwidth, and gain characteristics. The results of the measurements show that the radiation characteristics of the antenna have been improved significantly. The proposed antenna operates at six distinct frequencies for S11 ≤ 10 dB. The operating frequencies at 1.8, 2.35, and 2.6 GHz can be utilized for LTE and 3.2, 4.2, and 5.2 GHz which can support sub-6 GHz 5G bands. The antenna is characterized by its compact size, measuring around 89 mm × 71 mm, while still achieving high gain of 12.3 dB for single STDA element with parasites and with reflector. These results emphasize the importance of the proposed design, which incorporates parasitic strip pair directors and side-wall reflectors. This design methodology plays a crucial role in enhancing the performance of the prescribed STDA array for both 4G LTE and sub-6 GHz 5G applications. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dipole antennas

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Reliability of IEC 61850 based substation communication network architecture considering quality of repairs and common cause failures

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2022年第1期7卷 174-188页

作者： Vonani Clive Mathebula Akshay Kumar Saha School of Engineering Discipline of ElectricalElectronics and Computer EngineeringUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurbanSouth Africa

Mission-critical IEC 61850 system architectures are designed to tolerate hardware failures to achieve the highest reliability ***,multi-channel systems are used in such systems within industrial facilities to isolate machinery when there are process ***,multi-channel systems introduce Common Cause Failure(CCF)since the subsystems can rarely be *** paper integrates CCF into the Markov reliability model to enhance the model flexibility to investigate synchronous generator intra-bay SCN architecture reliability performance considering the quality of repairs and *** Markov process enables integration of the impact of CCF factors on system *** case study results indicate that CCF,coupled with imperfect repairs,significantly reduce system reliability *** sensitivity is observed at low levels of CCF,whereas the highest level of impact occurs when the system diagnostic coverage is 99%based on ISO 13849-1,and reduces as the diagnostic coverage level ***,it is concluded that the severity of CCF depends more on system diagnostic coverage level than the repair efficiency,although both factors impact the system overall ***,CCF should be con-sidered in determining the reliability performance of mission-critical communication networks in power distribution centres.

关键词： IEC 61850 Substation communication network(SCN) Reliability Common cause failure(CCF) Diagnostic coverage Repair efficiency Sensitivity Elasticity Markov Matrix calculus

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FOD-YOLO NET: Fasteners fault and object detection in railway tracks using deep yolo network1

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Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2024年第4期46卷 8123-8137页

作者： Brintha, K. Jawhar, S. Joseph Department of Computer Science and Engineering Arunachala College of Engineering for Women Manavilai Tamil Nadu Nagercoil India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Arunachala College of Engineering for Women Manavilai Tamil Nadu Nagercoil India

Automated railway security systems prevent train collisions with trackside obstructions that cause accidents in high-speed railways. Rail safety is being improved and accident rates reduced through continuous research. A rapid advancement in deep learning has promoted new possibilities for research in this field. In this work, a novel deep learning-based FOD-YOLO net is proposed for detecting the fasteners faults and objects in the railway tracks. There are two basic components in the deep learning-based YOLOv8: the backbone and the head. YOLOv8 utilizes an improved version of the CSPDarknet53 network for detecting objects on the railway track. The head of YOLOv8 consists of EfficientNet with various convolutional layers with squeeze and excitation blocks for detecting any defect in the track fasteners. These layers are liable for detecting the objectness scores, bounding boxes and class probabilities structured with fully connected layers for the objects and faults in tracks. Based on the results from the Yolo network, the alert message is sent to the loco pilot to avoid accidents using fuzzy logic. The experimental fallouts of proposed FOD-YOLO net achieve higher accuracy and yields better evaluation results with 98.14% accuracy, 98.84% precision and 95.94% recall. From the experimental results, the FOD-YOLO net improves the overall accuracy range by 5.44%, 4.72%, 0.73%, and 13.18% better than Fast RCNN, YOLOv5s-VF, YOLO-GD, and 2D-SSA + Deep network respectively. © 2024 – IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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Islanding Protection scheme based on IEC61850 GOOSE application for 11kV network with distributed energy resources 33

Islanding Protection scheme based on IEC61850 GOOSE applicat...

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33rd Southern African Universities Power engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025

作者： Mpaka, Abuyile Krishnamurthy, Senthil Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering PO BOX 1906 Bellville7535 South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798331535162

This study focuses on islanding protection for a microgrid operating at 11kV. The literature provides novel algorithms developed for islanding protection schemes. However, there is a lack of validation and test the IEC61850 GOOSE message application for the islanding protection scheme. The paper's significant contribution is to address the literature gap by comparing legacy islanding protection with the IEC 61850 GOOSE message application. The research utilizes simulation techniques in the DigSilent and Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulations using RTDS to assess the performance of the Islanding protection scheme. Four test scenarios were conducted, which include undervoltage, overvoltage, underfrequency, and overfrequency protection functionalities. The simulation validation results from these four scenarios confirm that the modeled distribution system meets the required protection criteria for both legacy (hardwired) and modern IEC61850 GOOSE message applications. The simulation results show that the GOOSE message application for the Islanding protection scheme operates faster than the legacy scheme. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Islanding

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IEC61850 GOOSE message application for a power transformer voltage control 33

IEC61850 GOOSE message application for a power transformer v...

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33rd Southern African Universities Power engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025

作者： Wellen, Joniff Krishnamurthy, Senthil Ratshitanga, Mukovhe Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering PO BOX 1906 Bellville7535 South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798331535162

Voltage regulation of power transformers is critical to controlling and maintaining system voltage levels in the electrical transmission and distribution network system. It is vital to keep the transmission and distribution network's voltage levels within a specified range and to avoid voltage levels from fluctuating outside of the predetermined range of allowed tolerance levels. Two SEL-2414 IEDs were employed in this study to perform the voltage control function of the parallel power transformers using a master-follower control scheme. The automatic tap changers that execute this voltage regulating function incorporate the IEC61850 GOOSE message application as the communication protocol. The paper demonstrates the control function, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation in a closed-loop simulation using Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS), and the two transformer tap changer IEDs SEL-2414 were utilized for lab-scale implementation and validating the simulation results. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Hardware-in-the-loop simulation

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Distance Protection Application for 33kV Traction Network 33

Distance Protection Application for 33kV Traction Network

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33rd Southern African Universities Power engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025

作者： Nkalitshana, Luthando Krishnamurthy, Senthil Mataifa, Haltor Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering PO BOX 1906 Bellville7535 South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798331535162

The research investigates the laboratory-scale setup and functional testing of distance protection techniques for the Transnet traction system. The Transnet network, which powers South Africa's railway system, requires a strong protection mechanism to assure the safety and dependability of the electrical systems that power locomotives. Distance protection, essential in securing high-voltage transmission networks, is critical to detecting faults, isolating affected portions, and minimizing system interruptions. In this study, a simulation environment was created to simulate the features of the Transnet traction system, including traction substations, overhead power lines, and associated equipment. A lab-scale model was developed utilizing protection functional simulation to simulate real-time fault situations and evaluate the distance protection relay's response under different fault conditions. The performance and efficacy of the protection mechanism were assessed by varying key factors such as fault impedance, fault location, and fault types. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Distribution protection Mho characteristics Traction network and Locomotives

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An Intelligent Big Data Security Framework Based on AEFS-KENN Algorithms for the Detection of Cyber-Attacks from Smart Grid Systems

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 399-418页

作者： Sankaramoorthy Muthubalaji Naresh Kumar Muniyaraj Sarvade Pedda Venkata Subba Rao Kavitha Thandapani Pasupuleti Rama Mohan Thangam Somasundaram Yousef Farhaoui Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering CMR College of Engineering&TechnologyHyderabad 501401India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vardhaman College of Engineering KacharamShamshabad 501218India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sreenidhi Institute of Science and TechnologyHyderabad 501301India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai 600062India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bharat Institute of Engineering and TechnologyHyderabad 501510India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of ComputingAmrita Vishwa VidhyapeethamBengaluru 560035India T-IDMS Department of Computer ScienceFaculty of Sciences and TechniquesMoulay Ismail UniversityErrachidia 52000Morocco

Big data has the ability to open up innovative and ground-breaking prospects for the electrical grid,which also supports to obtain a variety of technological,social,and financial *** is an unprecedented amount of heterogeneous big data as a consequence of the growth of power grid technologies,along with data processing and advanced *** main obstacles in turning the heterogeneous large dataset into useful results are computational burden and information *** original contribution of this paper is to develop a new big data framework for detecting various intrusions from the smart grid systems with the use of AI ***,an AdaBelief Exponential Feature Selection(AEFS)technique is used to efficiently handle the input huge datasets from the smart grid for boosting ***,a Kernel based Extreme Neural Network(KENN)technique is used to anticipate security vulnerabilities more *** Polar Bear Optimization(PBO)algorithm is used to efficiently determine the parameters for the estimate of radial basis ***,several types of smart grid network datasets are employed during analysis in order to examine the outcomes and efficiency of the proposed AdaBelief Exponential Feature Selection-Kernel based Extreme Neural Network(AEFS-KENN)big data security *** results reveal that the accuracy of proposed AEFS-KENN is increased up to 99.5%with precision and AUC of 99%for all smart grid big datasets used in this study.

关键词： smart grid Machine Learning(ML) big data analytics AdaBelief Exponential Feature Selection(AEFS) Polar Bear Optimization(PBO) Kernel Extreme Neural Network(KENN)

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