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IEEE International Conference on Electro-Information Technology

作者： Thomas Yang Yassir Salama John Matyjas Richard Michalak Electrical Computer Software and Systems Engineering Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach Florida Air Force Research Lab Information Directorate (AFRL/RI) Rome NY

This paper presents a blind multi-user detection technique for multi-antenna quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) receivers with Inphase/Quadrature phase (I/Q) imbalances. The estimation of multiple users in the presence of I/Q imbalances is performed by Blind Source Separation (BSS) methods. While the complex-valued signal model for multi-antenna QAM receivers does not lend itself to BSS due to the effect of I/Q imbalances, reformulating the signal model to a real-valued equivalent form enables the application of BSS. The proposed method enables multiple users to share the same bandwidth simultaneously in different geographical locations, and avoids the need for the knowledge of the channel state information. In addition, despite of the presence of I/Q imbalances in all receiver branches, the number of antenna required in the receiver is equal to the number of users. computer simulations are conducted using the popular Fast-ICA (Independent Component Analysis) algorithm, and the simulation results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

关键词： Receivers Interference Signal to noise ratio Quadrature amplitude modulation MIMO OFDM Vectors

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Two-tier data-driven intrusion detection for automatic generation control in smart grid

Two-tier data-driven intrusion detection for automatic gener...

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IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security (CNS)

作者： Muhammad Qasim Ali Reza Yousefian Ehab Al-Shaer Sukumar Kamalasadan Quanyan Zhu Department of Software and Information Systems Symantec Corporation Mountain View CA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of North Carolina Charlotte Charlotte NC Princeton University Princeton NJ

Legacy energy infrastructures are being replaced by modern smart grids. Smart grids provide bi-directional communications for the purpose of efficient energy and load management. In addition, energy generation is adjusted based on the load feedback. However, due to the dependency on the cyber infrastructure for load monitoring and reporting, generation control is inherently vulnerable to attacks. Recent studies have shown that the possibility of data integrity attacks on the generation control can significantly disrupt the energy system. In this work, we present simple yet effective data-driven two-tier intrusion detection system for automatic generation control (AGC). The first tier is a short-term adaptive predictor for system variables, such as load and area control error (ACE). The first tier provides a real-time measurement predictor that adapts to the underlying changing behavior of these system variables, and flags out the abnormal behavior in these variables independently. The second tier provides deep state inspection to investigate the presence of anomalies by incorporating the overall system variable correlation using Markov models. Moreover, we expand our second tier inspection to include multi-AGC environment where a behavior of one AGC is validated against the behavior of the interconnected AGC. The combination of tier-1 light-weight prediction and tier-2 offline deep state inspection offers a great advantage to balance accuracy and real-time requirements of intrusion detection for AGC environment. Our results show high detection accuracy (95%) under different multi-attack scenarios. Second tier successfully verified all the injected intrusions.

关键词： Automatic generation control Markov processes Prediction algorithms Smart grids Mathematical model Correlation Intrusion detection

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Understanding the tradeoffs between software-managed vs. hardware-managed caches in GPUs

Understanding the tradeoffs between software-managed vs. har...

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IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of systems and software

作者： Chao Li Yi Yang Hongwen Dai Shengen Yan Frank Mueller Huiyang Zhou Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Department of Computing Systems Architecture NEC Laboratories America Institute of Software North Carolina State University Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University

On-chip caches are commonly used in computer systems to hide long off-chip memory access latencies. To manage on-chip caches, either software-managed or hardware-managed schemes can be employed. State-of-art accelerators, such as the NVIDIA Fermi or Kepler GPUs and Intel's forthcoming MIC “Knights Landing” (KNL), support both software-managed caches, aka. shared memory (GPUs) or near memory (KNL), and hardware-managed L1 data caches (D-caches). Furthermore, shared memory and the L1 D-cache on a GPU utilize the same physical storage and their capacity can be configured at runtime (same for KNL). In this paper, we present an in-depth study to reveal interesting and sometimes unexpected tradeoffs between shared memory and the hardware-managed L1 D- caches in GPU architecture. In our study, the kernels utilizing the L1 D-caches are generated from those leveraging shared memory to ensure that the same optimizations such as tiling are applied equally in both versions. Our detailed analyses reveal that rather than cache hit rates, the following tradeoffs often have more profound performance impacts. On one hand, the kernels utilizing the L1 caches may support higher degrees of thread-level parallelism, offer more opportunities for data to be allocated in registers, and sometimes result in lower dynamic instruction counts. On the other hand, the applications utilizing shared memory enable more coalesced accesses and tend to achieve higher degrees of memory-level parallelism. Overall, our results show that most benchmarks perform significantly better with shared memory than the L1 D-caches due to the high impact of memory-level parallelism and memory coalescing.

关键词： Graphics processing units Tiles Kernel Prefetching computer architecture Parallel processing

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Small-scale payload operations simulator for proximity operations

Small-scale payload operations simulator for proximity opera...

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AIAA SPACE 2014 Conference and Exposition

作者： Harris, Kristia K. Cokley, Jared M. Holden, Sean R. Udrea, Bogdan Stebler, Shane T. Williams, Blake E. McGarvey, Michael R. Nayak, Michael V. Department of Mechanical Engineering Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach FL 32114 United States Department of Aerospace Engineering Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach FL 32114 United States Department of Electrical Computer Software and Systems Engineering Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach FL 32114 United States VisSidus Technologies Inc Daytona Beach FL 32114 United States Red Sky Research LLC Albuquerque NM 87108 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624102578

ISBN: (纸本)9781624102578

The process and studies that make-up the design, construction, and testing of a desktop size spacecraft simulator are detailed. The spacecraft simulator is of the essence to validate and verify the requirements and science algorithms of the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU) cubesat, Application for Resident Space Object (RSO) Autonomous Proximity Analysis and Imaging (ARAPAIMA). The simulator is designed with simple commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware integrated in a way that allows for accuracy and feedback control in a small form factor.

关键词： Simulators

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Improving Cyber Resiliency of Cloud Application Services by Applying software Behavior Encryption (SBE)

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Procedia computer Science 2014年 28卷 62-70页

作者： Danny Thebeau II Benjamin Reidy Ricardo Valerdi Avinash Gudagi Hemayamini Kurra Youssif Al-Nashif Salim Hariri Frederick Sheldon University of Arizona Department of Systems and Industrial Engineering 1127 E. James E. Rogers Way Tucson AZ 85721-0012 USA University of Arizona Electrical and Computer Engineering 1230 E. Speedway Blvd PO Box 210104 Tucson AZ 85721-0104 USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Applied Software Engineering Research PO Box 2008 Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA

The objective of this work is to define and measure cyber resiliency of the “cloud” in a Moving Target Defense (MTD) environment that applies the software Behavior Encryption (SBE) method. Implementation of SBE has shown to increase vulnerability tolerance in a particular software system by introducing software diversity and redundant version shuffling to obfuscate the system to attackers. With this in mind, this paper nominates attack surface, confidentiality, integrity, availability, and survivability as the critical components of cyber resiliency, and a notional example is provided to demonstrate the components application and aggregation.

关键词： Moving Target Defense (MTD) software Behavior Encryption (SBE) Storage Dynamic Encryption (SDE) Resiliency Attack Surface Survivability Availability Integrity Confidentiality

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Coevolutionary modeling in network formation

Coevolutionary modeling in network formation

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IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP)

作者： Ibrahim Al-Shyoukh Georgios Chasparis Jeff S. Shamma Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA US Department of Data Analysis Systems Software Competence Center Hagenberg GmbH Hagenberg Austria CEMSE Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479970896

Network coevolution, the process of network topology evolution in feedback with dynamical processes over the network nodes, is a common feature of many engineered and natural networks. In such settings, the change in network topology occurs at a comparable time scale to nodal dynamics. Coevolutionary modeling offers the possibility to better understand how and why network structures emerge. For example, social networks can exhibit a variety of structures, ranging from almost uniform to scale-free degree distributions. While current models of network formation can reproduce these structures, coevolutionary modeling can offer a better understanding of the underlying dynamics. This paper presents an overview of recent work on coevolutionary models of network formation, with an emphasis on the following three settings: (i) dynamic flow of benefits and costs, (ii) transient link establishment costs, and (iii) latent preferential attachment.

关键词： Network topology Biological system modeling Economics Topology Nash equilibrium Educational institutions Cost function

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Safety analysis of Autonomous Ground Vehicle optical systems: Bayesian belief networks approach

Safety analysis of Autonomous Ground Vehicle optical systems...

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2013 Federated Conference on computer Science and Information systems, FedCSIS 2013

作者： Reyes Duran, Daniel Robinson, Elliot Kornecki, Andrew J. Zalewski, Janusz Embry Riddle Aeronautical University Electrical Computer Systems and Software Engineering Dept Daytona Beach FL United States Florida Gulf Coast University College of Engineering Dept. of Software Engineering Ft.Myers United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467344715

Autonomous Ground Vehicles (AGV) require diverse sensor systems to support the navigation and sense-and-avoid tasks. Two of these systems are discussed in the paper: dual camera-based computer vision (CV) and laser-based detection and ranging (LIDAR). Reliable operation of these optical systems is critical to safety since potential faults or failures could result in mishaps leading to loss of life and property. The paper identifies basic hazards and, using fault tree analysis, the causes and effects of these hazards as related to LIDAR and CV systems. A Bayesian Belief Network approach (BN) supported by automated tool is subsequently used to obtain quantitative probabilistic estimation of system safety. © 2013 Polish Information Processing Society.

关键词： Bayesian networks

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Computational models of surprise in evaluating creative design 4

Computational models of surprise in evaluating creative desi...

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4th International Conference on Computational Creativity, ICCC 2013

作者： Maher, Mary Lou Brady, Katherine Fisher, Douglas H. Software Information Systems University of North Carolina CharlotteNC United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781742103174

In this paper we consider how to evaluate whether a design or other artifact is creative. Creativity and its evaluation have been studied as a social process, a creative arts practice, and as a design process with guidelines for people to judge creativity. However, there are few approaches that seek to evaluate creativity computationally. In prior work we presented novelty, value, and surprise as a set of necessary conditions when identifying creative designs. In this paper we focus on the least studied of these - surprise. Surprise occurs when expectations are violated, suggesting that there is a temporal component when evaluating how surprising an artifact is. This paper presents an approach to quantifying surprise by projecting into the future. We illustrate this approach on a database of automobile designs, and we point out several directions for future research in assessing surprising and creativity generally. © 2013 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computational Creativity, ICCC 2013. All rights reserved.

关键词： Design

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Advanced verification techniques for airborne safety critical hardware

Advanced verification techniques for airborne safety critica...

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AIAA Infotech at Aerospace (I at A) Conference

作者： Butka, B. Electrical Computer Software and Systems Engineering Department Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University 600 Clyde Morris Blvd Daytona Beach FL 32114 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781629931524;1629931527

RTCA/DO-254 defines the verification process used to assure that the designed hardware meets the requirements and identifies additional verification processes that should be performed for DAL A hardware where failure could result in the loss of the aircraft. While RTCA/DO-254 identifies potential verification methods, it does not define any criteria to determine when the verification process is sufficient or complete. This work compares the DO-254 verification process to what is used in other industries and identifies advanced verification coverage methods and applicable coverage metrics suitable for use on safety-critical hardware. The verification methods considered include requirements based verification, functional verifications, constrained-random verification and formal methods. The suitability of various coverage metrics to assess the verification completeness are discussed and a robust verification flow is defined.

关键词： Accident prevention

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Percolation theory-based exposure-path prevention for wireless sensor networks coverage in internet of things

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2013年第10期13卷 3625-3636页

作者： Liu, Liang Zhang, Xi Ma, Huadong Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Telecommunications Software and Multimedia Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas AandM University College Station TX 77843 United States

Deriving the critical density to achieve region coverage for random sensor deployment is a fundamentally important problem in the area of Internet of Things (IoT). Most of the existing works on sensor coverage mainly concentrate on the full coverage models, which ensure that all points in the deployment region are covered at the expense of high complexity and cost. In contrast, many applications of IoT focus on the exposure-path prevention, which does not require full coverage sensor deployment, and instead it only needs the partial coverage, because the exposure paths are prevented as long as no moving objects or phenomena can go through a deployment region without being detected. Finally, we focus on the partial coverage by applying the percolation theory to solve the exposure path problem for the network of sensors in IoT. Most of the existing percolation-based schemes apply the continuum-percolation theory, which, however, suffers from the loose lower and upper bounds on the critical density. To overcome this problem, we propose a bond-percolation theory based scheme by mapping the exposure path problem into a bond percolation model. Using this model, we derive the critical densities for both omnidirectional sensor networks and directional sensor networks under random sensor deployment where sensors are deployed according to a two-dimensional Poisson process. The rigorous modeling/analyses and extensive simulations show that our proposed scheme can yield much tighter upper and lower bounds on the critical densities as compared with those generated by continuum-percolation. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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