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2012 International Conference on Brain Informatics, BI 2012

作者： Sasane, Sudhir Schwabe, Lars Universität Rostock Dept. of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Adaptive and Regenerative Software Systems 18051 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642351389

Brain-computing interfaces (BCIs), which sense brain activity via electroencephalography (EEG), have principled limitations as they measure only the collective activity of many neurons. As a consequence, EEG-based BCIs need to employ carefully designed paradigms to circumvent these limitations. We were motivated by recent findings from the decoding of visual perception from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to test if visual stimuli could also be decoded from EEG activity. We designed an experimental study, where subjects visually inspected computer-generated views of objects in two tasks: an active detection task and a passive viewing task. The first task triggers a robust P300 EEG response, which we use for single trial decoding as well as a "yardstick" for the decoding of visually evoked responses. We find that decoding in the detection task works reliable (approx. 72%), given that it is performed on single trials. We also find, however, that visually evoked responses in the passive task can be decoded clearly above chance level (approx. 60%). Our results suggest new directions for improving EEG-based BCIs, which rely on visual stimulation, such as as P300- or SSVEP-based BCIs, by carefully designing the visual stimuli and exploiting the contribution of decoding responses in the visual system as compared to relying only on, for example, P300 responses. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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BatGaze: A new tool to measure depth features at the center of gaze during free viewing

BatGaze: A new tool to measure depth features at the center ...

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2012 International Conference on Brain Informatics, BI 2012

作者： Mohammed, Redwan Abdo A. Mohammed, Samah Abdulfatah Schwabe, Lars Universität Rostock Dept. of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Adaptive and Regenerative Software Systems 18051 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642351389

The human visual system still outperforms any artificial vision system in terms of generalization. One approach to build human-level artificial vision systems is to formulate learning principles and then let the artificial system self-organize under natural stimulation. More specifically, learning probabilistic generative models of visual signals is considered a promising approach. The latent variables in such models may then eventually turn out to reflect meaningful aspects of scene descriptions such as features of depths images, surface properties, etc. Using luminance and depth information, which itself is only indirectly available to the human visual system, is a promising approach to learn artificial vision systems. So far, the proper stimulus material was only available from a few studies employing range imaging in static scenes, but the luminance and depth features at the center of gaze during free viewing are simply not know. We combined mobile eye tracking and depth imaging in order to record such missing stimulus material. Here we report on this newly developed system, called BatGaze, and on a first experimental validation of it. We believe that it will become a very valuable tool for mapping the visual environment of free viewing humans. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Luminance

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An empirical approach for evaluating the usability of model-driven tools

An empirical approach for evaluating the usability of model-...

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作者： Condori-Fernández, Nelly Panach, Jose Ignacio Baars, Arthur Iwan Vos, Tanja Pastor, Óscar Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science University of Twente Information Systems Group P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede Netherlands Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Departament d'Informàtica Universitat de València Avenida de la Universidad s/n 46100 Burjassot Valencia Spain Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software ProS. Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain

MDD tools are very useful to draw conceptual models and to automate code generation. Even though this would bring many benefits, wide adoption of MDD tools is not yet a reality. Various research activities are being undertaken to find why and to provide the required solutions. However, insufficient research has been done on a key factor for the acceptance of MDD tools: usability. With the help of end-users, this paper presents a framework to evaluate the usability of MDD tools. The framework will be used as a basis for a family of experiments to get clear insights into the barriers to usability that prevent MDD tools from being widely adopted in industry. To illustrate the applicability of our framework, we instantiated it for performing a usability evaluation of a tool named INTEGRANOVA. Furthermore, we compared the outcome of the study with another usability evaluation technique based on ergonomic criteria. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Usability engineering

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A wavelet-based particle swarm optimization algorithm for digital image watermarking

A wavelet-based particle swarm optimization algorithm for di...

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作者： Tao, Hai Zain, Jasni Mohamad Ahmed, Mohammad Masroor Abdalla, Ahmed N. Jing, Wang Faculty of Computer Systems and Software Engineering University Malaysia Pahang Kuantan 26300 Malaysia Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering University Malaysia Pahang Kuantan Malaysia

Digital watermarking techniques have been proposed for copyright protection and multimedia data authentication. The achieved tradeoffs from these techniques between imperceptibility and robustness are always controversial. This paper proposes the application of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) into image watermarking by using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) which is an evolutionary technique with the stochastic, population-based algorithm for solving this problem. To protect copyright information of digital images, the original image is decomposed according to two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform. Subsequently the preprocessed watermark with an affined scrambling transform is optimal embedded into the vertical subband (HLm) coefficients in wavelet domain without compromising the quality of the image. In the optimal process, the scaling factors are trained with the assistance of PSO. Furthermore, a novel algorithmic framework is proposed via a forecasted feasibility of the approach to parameters evaluation of hypothesized watermarked images in DWT domain. Simulation results show that the proposed watermarking procedure has better performances in imperceptibility and robustness under various distortions in the comparison of the previous scheme.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transforms

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Doppler Velocity Log theory and preliminary considerations for design and construction

Doppler Velocity Log theory and preliminary considerations f...

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IEEE Southeastcon

作者： Dylan Rudolph Timothy A. Wilson Department of Electrical Computer Software and Systems Engineering Embrey-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach FL USA

Doppler Velocity Logs (DVLs) are devices that have considerable and widespread use in maritime applications. They can be used to provide velocity information, with respect to the sea floor, about the vehicle on which they are mounted. The principle which they use to provide this information is, as their name suggests, the Doppler shifting of acoustic signals. This paper seeks to describe the potential accuracy of a DVL as a function of both design and environmental parameters. It takes a two-stage approach in doing so. The first stage is to find the accuracy of a single acoustic beam based on some particular method (in this case: Non-Linear Least Squares parameter estimation). The second step is to find the resulting accuracy of a multi-beam DVL based on the results acquired in the first step. This paper serves as a precursor to designing and building a “DIY” DVL. It's intent is to provide information about some of the design decisions required to achieve a certain accuracy. The paper's methods are more or less independent of the specific methods used in industry, as that information is largely proprietary. The paper is divided in to three parts. The first part is an introduction to the use, capabilities, and functionality of DVLs. The second part concerns the accuracy and simulation of a single acoustic beam of a DVL. The third part discusses the accuracy of a full multibeam configuration as a function of the second.

关键词： Transducers Accuracy Vehicles Noise Acoustic beams Doppler effect Mathematical model

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Immersive audio-visual system for an Unmanned Robotic Vehicle in a Senior Design Project

Immersive audio-visual system for an Unmanned Robotic Vehicl...

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IEEE Southeastcon

作者： Justin Fletcher Carole Fountain Christopher Kerley Jorge Torres William C. Barott Salamah Salamah Richard Stansbury Department of Electrical Computer Software and Systems Engineering Embrey-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach FL USA

This paper presents a remote, human-controlled, immersive Unmanned Robotic System (URS) designed to assist in search and rescue operations. The system is being designed and constructed by the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Department of electrical, computer, software, and systems engineering 2011/2012 Senior Design Team. Described in this paper are two different implementations of the URS - one is controlled using a handheld tablet and the other is controlled by way of a Human Robotic Interaction (HRI) head-mounted display. This paper outlines the architecture, implementation, and design considerations for each system.

关键词： Vehicles Headphones Head Robot sensing systems Wireless communication

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SABER-TDA: Passive coherent location of aircraft using XM-Radio and a small ground station

SABER-TDA: Passive coherent location of aircraft using XM-Ra...

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IEEE National Conference on Radar

作者： William C. Barott Brian Butka Electrical Computer Software and Systems Engineering Department Embrey-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach FL USA

This paper reports on early observation results from the S-band Array for Bistatic Electromagnetic Ranging Technology Demonstrator Array. This system is a demonstration platform for a passive ground-based primary radar station for monitoring aircraft. This station is unique in that it utilizes existing satellite-based radio signals as transmitters rather than terrestrial signals. Using algorithms that enable long integration times, this system might provide accurate position and velocity measurements at ranges of tens of nautical miles from the ground station for most targets, and up to 100 nautical miles for larger targets. In these measurements, XM-Radio was used as the illuminator and the SABER-TDA station as the receiver. Different types of aircraft were observed in different scattering geometries. Comparison with truth data is in progress.

关键词： Aircraft Spaceborne radar Radio transmitters Passive radar Clutter Aerospace electronics

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Schedulability analysis of multi-packet messages in segmented CAN

Schedulability analysis of multi-packet messages in segmente...

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2012 IEEE 17th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA 2012

作者： Azketa, Ekain Gutierrez, J. Javier Palencia, J. Carlos Harbour, Michael Gonzalez Almeida, Luis Marcos, Marga Ikerlan Technology Research Center Software Technologies Department Mondragón Spain University of Cantabria Computers and Real-Time Group Santander Spain University of Porto Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Porto Portugal University of Basque Country Systems Engineering and Automation Department Bilbao Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781467347372

The CAN bus is one of the most used networks in distributed real-time systems. The CAN bus can be divided by means of bridges in order to distribute the network load among different segments and contribute positively to the schedulability of the system. On the other hand, CAN supports the fragmentation of a message in multiple packets when it does not fit into one single CAN frame. The schedulability analysis of CAN has been extensively studied in the literature. Although the proposed methods analyze non-segmented CAN buses, they can be applied to segmented networks. However, the techniques from the related literature obtain quite pessimistic results in the analysis of segmented CAN networks with multi-packet messages. This paper proposes a less pessimistic CAN schedulability analysis method for the mentioned kind of networks. Moreover, this optimized technique can be integrated with methods oriented to the holistic schedulability analysis of a complete distributed real-time system. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Interactive computer systems

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Reports of the AAAI 2011 fall symposia

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AI Magazine 2012年第1期33卷 71-78页

作者： Blisard, Sam Carmichael, Ted Ding, Li Finin, Tim Frost, Wende Graesser, Arthur Hadzikadic, Mirsad Kagal, Lalana Kruijff, Geert-Jan M. Langley, Pat Lester, James McGuinness, Deborah L. Mostow, Jack Papadakis, Panagiotis Pirri, Fiora Prasad, Rashmi Stoyanchev, Svetlana Varakantham, Pradeep Interactive Systems Section Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC United States Department of Software and Information Systems University of North Carolina Charlotte United States Qualcomm Inc. United States Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County United States Department of Psychology Institute of Intelligent Systems University of Memphis United States Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Germany Department of Computer Science and Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ United States Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University United States Department of Computer Science and Cognitive Science Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute United States School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University United States Department of Informatics and Systems University of Sapienza Rome Italy Department of Informatics and Systems ALCOR Lab University of Sapienza Rome Italy Department of Health Informatics and Administration University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee United States Columbia University United States School of Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore Singapore

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence was pleased to present the 2011 Fall Symposium Series, held Friday through Sunday, November 4-6, at the Westin Arlington Gateway in Arlington, Virginia. The titles of the seven symposia are as follows: (1) Advances in Cognitive systems;(2) Building Representations of Common Ground with Intelligent Agents;(3) Complex Adaptive systems: Energy, Information, and Intelligence;(4) Multiagent Coordination under Uncertainty;(5) Open Government Knowledge: AI Opportunities and Challenges;(6) Question Generation;and (7) Robot-Human Teamwork in Dynamic Adverse Environments. The highlights of each symposium are presented in this report. Copyright © 2012, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.

关键词： Intelligent agents

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Necessity of Parametric Conditions for Monotonic TSK Fuzzy systems

Necessity of Parametric Conditions for Monotonic TSK Fuzzy S...

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man, and Cybernetics

作者： Jin-Myung Won Fakhri Karray Department of Software Development Voice Enabling Systems Technology Inc. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo

ISBN: (纸本)9781467317139

Input-output monotonicity is an important property found in many physical systems. This paper reviews parametric conditions of monotonic Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy systems, and discusses its sufficiency and necessity. In author's previous work, the sufficiency of the conditions was shown, but the necessity has remained an open question. This study analytically proves that the necessity holds when a single-input TSK fuzzy system employs two rules. For the cases of three rules, counter examples are provided to verify that the necessity of the conditions violates.

关键词： Monotonic function TSK fuzzy system TSK fuzzy system Parametric Monotonic Counter example

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