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Hybrid Digital-Analog Semantic Communications

IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2025年第7期43卷 2478-2492页

作者： Xie, Huiqiang Qin, Zhijin Han, Zhu Letaief, Khaled B. Jinan University College of Information Science and Technology Guangzhou China Tsinghua University Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications Beijing100084 China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Beijing100084 China University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Houston United States The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong

Digital and analog semantic communications (SemCom) face inherent limitations such as data security concerns in analog SemCom, as well as leveling-off and cliff-edge effects in digital SemCom. In order to overcome these challenges, we propose a novel SemCom framework and a corresponding system called HDA-DeepSC, which leverages a hybrid digitalanalog approach for multimedia transmission. This is achieved through the introduction of analog-digital allocation and fusion modules. To strike a balance between data rate and distortion, we design new loss functions that take into account long-distance dependencies in the semantic distortion constraint, essential information recovery in the channel distortion constraint, and optimal bit stream generation in the rate constraint. Additionally, we propose denoising diffusion-based signal detection techniques, which involve carefully designed variance schedules and sampling algorithms to refine transmitted signals. Through extensive numerical experiments, we will demonstrate that HDA-DeepSC exhibits robustness to channel variations and is capable of supporting various communication scenarios. Our proposed framework outperforms existing benchmarks in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio and multi-scale structural similarity, showcasing its superiority in semantic communication quality. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Digital communication systems

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Vulnerabilities and Challenges in the Development of PUF-Based Authentication Protocols on FPGAs: A Brief Review 7

Vulnerabilities and Challenges in the Development of PUF-Bas...

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7th IEEE Conference on Dependable and Secure Computing, DSC 2024

作者： Yavuz, Sinan Naroska, Edwin Daniel, Kai University of Siegen Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Siegen Germany Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Krefeld Germany Institute of Measurement and Sensor Technology University of Applied Sciences Ruhr West Mülheim Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540289

The security of IoT (Internet of Things) devices and the protection of sensitive information processed by these devices such as personal data, sensor values, process-related information is an important and difficult challenge. A major task in IoT communication is secure identification of devices. Unfortunately, traditional cryptographic methods are often not suitable for IoT devices due to their limited hardware resources. However, typical methods are computationally intensive, require a large amount of memory, and have a high-power consumption. On the other hand, Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are low-cost and lightweight hardware-based primitives that can be used as a security component to protect data against third parties and thus increase security of a device. In this paper, the challenges and vulnerabilities in the development of PUF-based authentication protocols are presented. To this end, a security analysis of different approaches known from literature are discussed. Furthermore, possible attack vectors and prevention techniques are also considered. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Authentication Protocol

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Physics-Informed Convolutional Autoencoder for Cyber Anomaly Detection in Power Distribution Grids

Physics-Informed Convolutional Autoencoder for Cyber Anomaly...

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2024 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2024

作者： Zideh, Mehdi Jabbari Solanki, Sarika Khushalani West Virginia University Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering MorgantownWV26505 United States

The growing trend toward the modernization of power distribution systems has facilitated the installation of advanced measurement units and promotion of the cyber communication systems. However, these infrastructures are still prone to stealth cyber attacks. The existing data-driven anomaly detection methods suffer from a lack of knowledge about the system's physics, lack of interpretability, and scalability issues hindering their practical applications in real-world scenarios. To address these concerns, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) were introduced. This paper proposes a multivariate physics-informed convolutional autoencoder (PIConvAE) to detect stealthy cyber-attacks in power distribution grids. The proposed model integrates the physical principles into the loss function of the neural network by applying Kirchhoff's law. Simulations are performed on the modified IEEE 13-bus and 123-bus systems using OpenDSS software to validate the efficacy of the proposed model for stealth attacks. The numerical results prove the superior performance of the proposed PIConvAE in three aspects: a) it provides more accurate results compared to the data-driven ConvAE model, b) it requires less training time to converge c) the model excels in effectively detecting a wide range of attack magnitudes making it powerful in detecting stealth attacks. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolution

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DrugEL: Ensemble Learning Model for Identification of Druggable Proteins

DrugEL: Ensemble Learning Model for Identification of Drugga...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Ali, Md. Mamun Ahmed, Kawsar Bui, Francis M. Wu, Fang-Xiang University of Saskatchewan Division of Biomedical Engineering Saskatoon Canada University of Saskatchewan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Saskatoon Canada University of Saskatchewan Division of Biomedical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Computer Science Saskatoon Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Druggable proteins are defined as proteins that can interact with drugs to modulate certain biological activity. The identification of druggable proteins holds significant clinical importance, directly impacting the development of targeted therapies for diseases like cancer and metabolic disorders. Identifying druggable proteins involves various methods, including computational prediction models, mass spectrometry (MS), and biochemical assays, but achieving high accuracy remains a challenge. This study proposes DrugEL, an ensemble learning model that uses Bayesian inference to integrate predictions from multiple algorithms: Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), LightGBM (LGBM), and Decision Tree (DT) with seven feature extraction methods (LSA, AAC, PAAC, GAAC, NMBroto, AAIndex, and KNN). The results show that DrugEL outperforms existing models in terms of accuracy (0.9758), MCC (0.9515), AUC (0.9758), sensitivity (0.9742) and specificity (0.9774), particularly excelling with the LSA method. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Soft-Touch or Hard-Touch: Quantifying Touches through A New System Focusing on A Pool Touchpad for Measuring Timing of Swimmers 23

Soft-Touch or Hard-Touch: Quantifying Touches through A New ...

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10th International Conference on Networking Systems and Security, NSysS 2023

作者： Quaium, Adnan Islam, Md. Ashraful Rahman, M. Sohel Islam, A. B. M. Alim Al Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Bangladesh and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798400708787

The swimming turn or finishing presents an integral part of competitive swimming, and the time it takes by a swimmer to push off the wall is a significant factor in their ratings. Therefore, it is essential to have a reliable way to measure the timing of touch, i.e., wall-contact, over the finishing or turning points. To do so, swimming pool touchpads are widely used in swimming competitions to overcome human error in measurements by enabling touch-sensing systems at the finishing or turning points. The touch-sensing devices use their sensitive touch sensors to record time with millisecond accuracy, providing athletes with the most precise measurements possible. However, these devices might need a minimal force applied from the swimmers to sense the touch, and thus, to record the timing of the touch. As such, insufficient force applied on the touchpad during swimming could cause skipping the time log. As a result, it is critical to have a trustworthy method for measuring the extent of touch or wall-contact exerted over the touch-sensing systems. This study, for the first time in the literature to the best of our knowledge, proposes such a method for measuring the extent of touch or wall-contact for swimming pool touchpads. In the process of proposing the method, we design and develop a bi-modal sensing module to distinguish the soft-touch and hard-touch exerted over a real pool touchpad used in a swimming pool organizing national and international competitions. Our experiments show that the pool touchpad under experimentation is not always accurate in registering touches. It sometimes fails to register low-force touches while generally registering touches with high force. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Sports

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Hotel Information System Management Audit Using COBIT 2019 - APO12 2

Hotel Information System Management Audit Using COBIT 2019 -...

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2nd International Conference for Innovation in Technology, INOCON 2023

作者： Utamajaya, Joy Nashar Supangat, Suhono Harso Gaol, Ford Lumban Ranti, Benny BINUS University BINUS Graduate Program School of Information System Jakarta Indonesia Bandung Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Informatic Bandung Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Computer Science Jakarta Indonesia University of Indonesia Computer Science Department Faculty of Computer Science Depok Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320923

In general, public or private organizations or companies have used information-based technology as a support to improve business performance to be more effective and efficient in order to achieve a company's business goals. Given the large contribution of information technology in the application of hotel applications as a supporting information system, it is a vital system that must avoid risks that can hinder and cause harm to the hotel management business processes. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out risk management using the COBIT 5 framework to manage possible risks that may occur based on the APO12 (Manage Risk) domain. From the evaluation results of the data obtained through observation and interviews as well as the calculation of the results of the questionnaire based on 6 APO12 subdomains, the results of the risk management level capability assessment in hotel applications are still at level 3 or have reached the level of established process with the target to be achieved at level 4 resulting in a gap of 1 level. Based on the results obtained, it is necessary to propose recommendations that can be used by hotels in improving the application of information technology risk management so that in the future it can achieve the expected target level so that the APO12 level of capability can increase and become more optimal. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Risk management

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Sustainable Solutions for Organ Donation and Procurement via Regional Collaboration System 6

Sustainable Solutions for Organ Donation and Procurement via...

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6th International Conference on Mobile Computing and Sustainable Informatics, ICMCSI 2025

作者： Mily, Farzana Akter Arefin, Md Shamsul Department of Computer Science & Engineering Bangladesh University of Business and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Bangladesh University of Business and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522667

The severe shortage of organs requires the efficient management and collaboration of practices. Therefore, this paper introduces the Regional Collaboration System (RCS) to deal with this critical issue. The system aims at enhancing organ donation and procurement with the perspective of coordination of regional healthcare organizations. The primary purpose is to assist patients in finding suitable hospitals, donors, and doctors, in their region to carry out a seamless transplantation process. This system has been developed using Visual Studio 2022, SQL Server 2019 Express, and C# for a robust and scalable solution. Key features include an administrative panel, advanced search options, and the user interface to make it easy for administrators, patients, donors, and doctors to use. Moreover, the system also provides a medical history management platform that enables the patients to maintain a record of their history for future use via the administrative panel. This comprehensive approach is designed to improve transplant outcomes, minimize waiting times, and enhance organ availability. By effectively addressing the crisis in organ shortages, RCS holds a great potential to bring revolutionary changes in the existing structure of organ donation and transplantation, thereby saving more lives and hence fostering equality in access to health resources. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Records management

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Safe and Reliable Live-Streaming Traffic Monitoring System using OpenCV and Yolov8

Safe and Reliable Live-Streaming Traffic Monitoring System u...

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2025 International Conference on Pervasive Computational Technologies, ICPCT 2025

作者： Bisht, Ashmit Sen, Kuheli Jain, Neeraj Sharma, Ravi Pragya Shivahare, Basu Dev Galgotias University Scse Department of Computer Science & Engineering Greater Noida India Galgotias University Department of Electrical Electronics & Communication Engineering Greater Noida India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508685

Traffic monitoring is critical for avoiding fatal accidents on the roads as well as essential for ensuring that traffic rules are followed. An effective traffic monitoring system is made possible by cutting-edge computer vision technology, raising the standard of urban traffic safety and lowering the possibility of traffic accidents. The field of urban safety management will benefit greatly from this creative idea. This paper aims to create an automated traffic vehicle monitoring system using an object detection algorithm known as You Only Look Once Version 8 (YOLOv8). The model's reliability has been enhanced by the use of the YOLOv8 framework for successful vehicle object detection, speed estimation within streaming videos, as well as for license plate recognition. YOLOv8 model is used to identify vehicle objects in every single frame. The model accurately detects vehicles, while the license plate recognition module extracts the text from diverse plate formats. The study's conclusions are important because they could lead to the development of a real- time, highly accurate, and reasonably priced traffic monitoring system. Road safety might get significantly improved by this research. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Video streaming

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Aerosol jet printing of surface acoustic wave microfluidic devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 231-242页

作者： Joseph Rich Brian Cole Teng Li Brandon Lu Hanyu Fu Brittany N.Smith Jianping Xia Shujie Yang Ruoyu Zhong James L.Doherty Kanji Kaneko Hiroaki Suzuki Zhenhua Tian Aaron D.Franklin Tony Jun Huang Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Deptartment of Precision Mechanics Faculty of Science and EngineeringChuo UniversityTokyo 112-8551Japan Department of Chemistry Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

The addition of surface acoustic wave(SAW)technologies to microfluidics has greatly advanced lab-on-a-chip applications due to their unique and powerful attributes,including high-precision manipulation,versatility,integrability,biocompatibility,contactless nature,and rapid ***,the development of SAW microfluidic devices is limited by complex and time-consuming micro/nanofabrication techniques and access to cleanroom facilities for multistep photolithography and vacuum-based *** simplify the fabrication of SAW microfluidic devices with customizable dimensions and functions,we utilized the additive manufacturing technique of aerosol jet *** successfully fabricated customized SAW microfluidic devices of varying materials,including silver nanowires,graphene,and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS).To characterize and compare the acoustic actuation performance of these aerosol jet printed SAW microfluidic devices with their cleanroom-fabricated counterparts,the wave displacements and resonant frequencies of the different fabricated devices were directly measured through scanning laser Doppler ***,to exhibit the capability of the aerosol jet printed devices for lab-on-a-chip applications,we successfully conducted acoustic streaming and particle concentration ***,we demonstrated a novel solution-based,direct-write,single-step,cleanroom-free additive manufacturing technique to rapidly develop SAW microfluidic devices that shows viability for applications in the fields of biology,chemistry,engineering,and medicine.

关键词： printing wave fluid

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Novel 1-$\varphi$ High-Voltage Boosting Transformerless Inverter Topology with Optimal Power Components and Negligible Leakage Currents

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IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2023年第5期59卷 1-14页

作者： Chamarthi P.K. Muduli U.R. Moursi M.S.E. Al-Durra A. Khadkikar V. Hosani K.A. EL-Fouly T.H.M. Real-Time Control and Optimization Laboratory (RT-COOL) in Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University USA APEC Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Khalifa University Abu Dhabi UAE

Inverter topologies for integrating a rooftop photovoltaic (PV) unit into a microgrid are becoming increasingly complex. This paper proposes a high-voltage boosting transformerless inverter (HVBTI) topology for enhancing such applications. The coupled inductor-based high voltage gain feature of the HVBTI configuration allows power to be delivered into the grid from a lower voltage PV source without using higher duties. In addition, HVBTI suppresses leakage current as the common connection shared between the

$-ve$

terminal of the PV source and the grid neutral point. In comparison to existing topologies, the HVBTI topology uses a compact pulse width modulation strategy to control only six controllable switching devices. Again, using lower-rated switching devices is more cost-effective while increasing reliability and efficiency. In a laboratory prototype of a 1 kVA grid integrated system, the proposed HVBTI configuration is validated, and the maximum efficiency of the HVBTI is estimated at approximately 95%. Author

关键词： Boosting Inverter Inductors Inverters Leakage currents Low Switch Count Microgrid Rooftop Photovoltaics Switches Topology Transformers Voltage Voltage Gain

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