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A flexible capacitive photoreceptor for the biomimetic retina

Light(science & Applications) 2022年第1期11卷 38-49页

作者： Mani Teja Vijjapu Mohammed E.Fouda Agamyrat Agambayev Chun Hong Kang Chun-Ho Lin Boon S.Ooi Jr-Hau He Ahmed M.Eltawil Khaled N.Salama Sensors lab Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials CenterComputerElectrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Communication and Computing Systems Lab ComputerElectrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California-IrvineIrvineCA 92612USA Department of Electrical Computer and Energy EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Neuromorphic vision sensors have been extremely beneficial in developing energy-efficient intelligent systems for robotics and privacy-preserving security *** is a dire need for devices to mimic the retina's photoreceptors that encode the light illumination into a sequence of spikes to develop such ***,we develop a hybrid perovskite-based flexible photoreceptor whose capacitance changes proportionally to the light intensity mimicking the retina's rod cells,paving the way for developing an efficient artificial retina *** proposed device constitutes a hybrid nanocomposite of perovskites(methyl-ammonium lead bromide)and the ferroelectric terpolymer(polyvinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene).A metal-insulator-metal type capacitor with the prepared composite exhibits the unique and photosensitive capacitive behavior at various light intensities in the visible light *** proposed photoreceptor mimics the spectral sensitivity curve of human photopic *** hybrid nanocomposite is stable in ambient air for 129 weeks,with no observable degradation of the composite due to the encapsulation of hybrid perovskites in the hydrophobic *** functionality of the proposed photoreceptor to recognize handwritten digits(MNIST)dataset using an unsupervised trained spiking neural network with 72.05%recognition accuracy is *** demonstration proves the potential of the proposed sensor for neuromorphic vision applications.

关键词： perovskite illumination preserving

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ESSPI as a Tool for STEM Education in Energy Backup System Design 54

ESSPI as a Tool for STEM Education in Energy Backup System D...

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54th IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE 2024

作者： Alvarez, Natanael Batista Acosta, Brian E. Vázquez Nazario, Jesús F. Montalvo Lopez Cardalda, Guillermo Ortiz-Rivera, Eduardo González, Alanis M. Colón University of Puerto Rico Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mayaguez Puerto Rico University of Puerto Rico Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mayaguez Puerto Rico

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351507

This research-to-practice full paper helps users prepare for blackouts and power outages by presenting a cutting-edge tool for STEM outreach. In an emergency, loads are prioritized according to the Energy Storage System Prioritization Index (ESSPI). It evaluates loads based on recovery time, power consumption, and ranking;it will soon be available as a web application. It provides a cost analysis and prioritizing index for building backup systems. By dividing loads into categories such as important, necessary, discretionary, non-essential, and disposable, the ESSPI tool is being used as an agile system design tool. Case studies show how adaptable it is to many environments, from homes to grid systems, improving energy management. Furthermore, the application educates users about renewable energy by offering cost and size assessments, specifically for Photovoltaic (PV) installations. Based on user inputs such as location, number of hours of sunlight, and length of backup, the app estimates system costs and battery size and optimizes the size of the PV system by taking shading and panel efficiency into account. To sum up, this creative tool and its intuitive online application emphasize STEM education and mark major advancements in backup system design and emergency preparedness. It helps users make cost-effective decisions by promoting knowledge of solar energy and battery technology, which is beneficial for researchers and aficionados of renewable energy sources. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Cost benefit analysis

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High-Voltage Autonomous Current-Fed Push-Pull Converter with Wireless Communication Applied to X-Ray Generation

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 2024年第2期71卷 902-906页

作者： Lin, Chang-Hua Ahmad, Javed Liu, Hwa-Dong Kao, Tzu-Hsien National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Taipei106 Taiwan National Taiwan Normal University Undergraduate Program of Vehicle and Energy Engineering Taipei106 Taiwan

This brief presents an adjustable 100 kV high voltage DC power supply with ZigBee wireless feedback for the X-ray system. The proposed system is powered by a 48 V DC power source, and a combination of an autonomous current-fed push-pull converter with a high voltage transformer is used to step up the output voltage. At the end of the secondary of the high voltage transformer, a combination of half-wave voltage multipliers is used to achieve desired output of DC high voltage. Two microcontrollers with wireless communication modules are used to control the output voltage. Moreover, the equivalent inductance of the high voltage transformer with an extra capacitor is utilized to form a parallel resonant circuit to lead the power switch of the autonomous current-fed push-pull converter can achieve zero voltage switching to reduce the switching loss. The mathematical model of the system is derived, and the complete design considerations are established. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed system is verified by the experimental results efficiency of the developed model reaches 95% under low power high voltage applications. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Inductance

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The Intelligent Development of Smart Transmitter Estimation in Mobile Ad Hoc Network 2

The Intelligent Development of Smart Transmitter Estimation ...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing and electrical Circuits and Electronics, ICDCECE 2023

作者： Hannah Jessie Rani, R. Rajat, Rajat Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bangalore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350347456

The Smart Transmitter (ST) parameter estimate presents a particular problem in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). Nodes in these networks must develop the ability to adapt to their dynamic environment, which includes elements like the number, distribution, and topology of nodes. As a result, a distributed approach must be used to estimate the ST parameters. Distributed estimate of ST parameters is a difficult task, particularly in dynamic mobile ad hoc networks. This study suggests an intelligent design for estimating mobile ad hoc network-wise transmitters. This is because the ST parameters must be changed to reflect the nodes' constant need to adapt to the environment's constant change. However, the ST parameters in these networks can be precisely estimated with the appropriate methods and instruments. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Transmitters

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Coprocessor Actor Critic: A Model-Based Reinforcement Learning Approach For Adaptive Brain Stimulation 41

Coprocessor Actor Critic: A Model-Based Reinforcement Learni...

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Pan, Michelle Schrum, Mariah Myers, Vivek Bıyık, Erdem Dragan, Anca Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences UC Berkeley United States Department of Computer Science University of Southern California United States

Adaptive brain stimulation can treat neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease and post-stroke motor deficits by influencing abnormal neural activity. Because of patient heterogeneity, each patient requires a unique stimulation policy to achieve optimal neural responses. Model-free reinforcement learning (MFRL) holds promise in learning effective policies for a variety of similar control tasks, but is limited in domains like brain stimulation by a need for numerous costly environment interactions. In this work we introduce Coprocessor Actor Critic, a novel, model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) approach for learning neural coprocessor policies for brain stimulation. Our key insight is that coprocessor policy learning is a combination of learning how to act optimally in the world and learning how to induce optimal actions in the world through stimulation of an injured brain. We show that our approach overcomes the limitations of traditional MFRL methods in terms of sample efficiency and task success and outperforms baseline MBRL approaches in a neurologically realistic model of an injured brain. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Full-Duplex Millimeter Wave MIMO Channel Estimation: A Neural Network Approach

IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and ...

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IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking 2024年 2卷 1093-1108页

作者： Sattari, Mehdi Guo, Hao Gündüz, Deniz Panahi, Ashkan Svensson, Tommy Chalmers University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Gothenburg412 96 Sweden New York University Tandon School of Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering Department BrooklynNY11201 United States Imperial College London Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering LondonSW7 2BX United Kingdom Chalmers University of Technology Department of Computer Science Gothenburg412 96 Sweden

Millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input-multi-output (MIMO) is now a reality with great potential for further improvement. We study full-duplex transmissions as an effective way to improve mmWave MIMO systems. Compared to half-duplex systems, full-duplex transmissions may offer higher data rates and lower latency. However, full-duplex transmission is hindered by self-interference (SI) at the receive antennas, and SI channel estimation becomes a crucial step to make the full-duplex systems feasible. In this paper, we address the problem of channel estimation in full-duplex mmWave MIMO systems using neural networks (NNs). Our approach involves sharing pilot resources between user equipments (UEs) and transmit antennas at the base station (BS), aiming to reduce the pilot overhead in full-duplex systems and to achieve a comparable level to that of a half-duplex system. Additionally, in the case of separate antenna configurations in a full-duplex BS, providing channel estimates of transmit antenna (TX) arrays to the downlink UEs poses another challenge, as the TX arrays are not capable of receiving pilot signals. To address this, we employ an NN to map the channel from the downlink UEs to the receive antenna (RX) arrays to the channel from the TX arrays to the downlink UEs. We further elaborate on how NNs perform the estimation with different architectures, (e.g., different numbers of hidden layers), the introduction of non-linear distortion (e.g., with a 1-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC)), and different channel conditions (e.g., low-correlated and high-correlated channels). Our work provides novel insights into NN-based channel estimators. © 2023 CCBY.

关键词： Millimeter waves

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Mutual Retinex: Combining Transformer and CNN for Image Enhancement

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IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence 2024年第3期8卷 2240-2252页

作者： Jiang, Kui Wang, Qiong An, Zhaoyi Wang, Zheng Zhang, Cong Lin, Chia-Wen Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin150001 China Wuhan University National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan430072 China Wuhan Polytechnic University School of Mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan430024 China National Tsing Hua University Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Images captured in low-light or underwater environments are often accompanied by significant degradation, which can negatively impact the quality and performance of downstream tasks. While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformer architectures have made significant progress in computer vision tasks, there are few efforts to harmonize them into a more concise framework for enhancing such images. To this end, this study proposes to aggregate the individual capability of self-attention (SA) and CNNs for accurate perturbation removal while preserving background contents. Based on this, we carry forward a Retinex-based framework, dubbed as Mutual Retinex, where a two-branch structure is designed to characterize the specific knowledge of reflectance and illumination components while removing the perturbation. To maximize its potential, Mutual Retinex is equipped with a new mutual learning mechanism, involving an elaborately designed mutual representation module (MRM). In MRM, the complementary information between reflectance and illumination components are encoded and used to refine each other. Through the complementary learning via the mutual representation, the enhanced results generated by our model exhibit superior color consistency and naturalness. Extensive experiments have shown the significant superiority of our mutual learning based method over thirteen competitors on the low-light task and ten methods on the underwater image enhancement task. In particular, our proposed Mutual Retinex respectively surpasses the state-of-the-art method MIRNet-v2 by 0.90 dB and 2.46 dB in PSNR on the LOL 1000 and FIVEK datasets, while with only 19.8% model parameters. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Hybrid attention residual deep convolution learning network for bio medical image analysis

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Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2025年第4期48卷 537-554页

作者： Sundar Raj, A. Naidu, Paruchuri Chandra Babu Sivakumar, S. Senthilkumar, S. Department of Biomedical Engineering E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College Tamilnadu Nagapattinam India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering BSA Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Vandalur Tamilnadu Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Nehru Institute of Engineering and Technology Tamilnadu Coimbatore India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College Tamilnadu Nagapattinam India

Biomedical image analysis has progressed significantly with the integration of artificial intelligence, presenting new opportunities for early diagnosis and treatment of diseases with high mortality rates, such as skin cancer. This research work introduces a novel Hybrid Attention Residual Deep Convolution Learning (HARDCL) Model designed to enhance the accuracy of skin lesion classification, which is often challenging due to the subtle characteristics of lesions. The HARDCL Network employs an innovative hybrid attention mechanism within a residual learning framework, effectively distinguishing between benign and melanoma skin lesions with a high degree of precision. The encoder-decoder network segments the lesion from dermoscopic images, followed by feature extraction and classification, achieving a maximum accuracy of 97.11%, precision of 98.10%, recall of 98.81%, and an F1-score of 98.45%. This performance surpasses conventional deep learning algorithms such as AlexNet, InceptionV3, and ResNet18, demonstrating the effectiveness of the attention-based features in identifying critical lesion characteristics. However, despite its strengths, the HARDCL Network’s computational intensity and the need for a substantial dataset for optimal training highlight areas for further refinement. The proposed network advances the field of skin cancer diagnostics, offering a robust tool for medical professionals and setting a foundation for future enhancements in automated biomedical image analysis techniques. © 2025 – IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

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A novel approach to detect, analyze and block adversarial web pages

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2024年第6期16卷 3617-3622页

作者： Kumar, M. Ranjith Naik, Darshana A. Kapila, Neha Mohan, Chinnem Rama Prasad, Ch Raghava Shelke, Chetan Rao, C. V. Guru School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Lovely Professional University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Narayana Engineering College Electronics and Communication Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Alliance College of Engineering and Design Alliance University School of CS & amp AI SR Universtity

The phenomenon of distraction is very common, and its adverse effects are seen among people. The major cause underlying this issue is the ease with which adversarial web sites and web pages can be accessed. It is of utmost importance to locate, evaluate, and actively block such web pages in an effort to comprehensively and globally solve this societal issue. Thus, the given paper proposes an extension or plug-in to detect, analyze, and block websites smartly. The proposed approach takes keywords entered by the user as input into consideration, which eventually leads to the generation of web pages and web links. The filtering of web links is done by the proposed extension, followed by the extraction of features, the utilization of support vector machines (SVM) for binary classification, and the summarization of textual data using natural language processing (NLP). Lastly, the precise results corresponding to relevant web links are presented to the users, which will increase their productivity, thereby reducing their distraction levels under all working circumstances. The performance of the proposed approach is validated against existing recent studies based on evaluation metrics such as adversarial website detection time (ms) and accuracy (%). © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Adversarial web pages Distraction Natural language processing (NLP) Support vector machine (SVM) Text summarization

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Profit Maximization of Delay-Sensitive, Differential Accuracy Inference Services in Mobile Edge Computing

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第7期24卷 6209-6224页

作者： Zhang, Yuncan Liang, Weifa Xu, Zichuan Jia, Xiaohua Yang, Yuanyuan City University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Hong Kong Dalian University of Technology School of Software Dalian China Stony Brook University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony BrookNY United States

The integration of Artificial Itelligence (AI) and edge computing has sparked significant interest in edge inference services. In this paper, we consider delay-sensitive, differential accuracy inference services in a Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) network while meeting user stringent delay and accuracy requirements. We formulate two novel profit maximization problems under static and dynamic settings of service request arrivals, with the aim of maximizing the accumulative profit of admitted requests. We assign differential accuracy service requests to the corresponding resolution instances of their requested service models, assuming that each resolution instance can serve up to L≥ 1 the same type of service requests. Since the profit maximization problem is NP-hard, we first formulate an Integer Linear program (ILP) solution if the problem size is small or medium;otherwise, we devise a constant randomized algorithm with high probability. Then, we consider dynamic service request admissions without the knowledge of future request arrivals for a given finite time horizon, for which we develop a simple yet effective prediction mechanism to accurately predict the number of different resolution instances of each model needed, and pre-deploy the predicted number of resolution instances into cloudlets to reduce instantiating delays. We then devise an online algorithm with a provable competitive ratio for the dynamic profit maximization problem by leveraging the primal-dual dynamic updating technique. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms by simulations. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms are promising. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile edge computing

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