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Adaptive Two-stage Unscented Kalman Filter for Dynamic State Estimation of Synchronous Generator Under Cyber Attacks Against Measurements

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第5期12卷 1408-1418页

作者： Dongchen Hou Yonghui Sun Venkata Dinavahi Yi Wang the School of Electrical and Power Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2V4Canada the School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China the Henan Engineering Research Center of Power Electronics and Energy Systems Zhengzhou 450001China

This paper develops an adaptive two-stage unscented Kalman filter(ATSUKF)to accurately track operation states of the synchronous generator(SG)under cyber *** achieve high fidelity,considering the excitation system of SGs,a detailed 9~(th)-order SG model for dynamic state estimation is ***,for several common cyber attacks against measurements,a two-stage unscented Kalman filter is proposed to estimate the model state and the bias in ***,to solve the deterioration problem of state estimation performance caused by the mismatch between noise statistical characteristics and model assumptions,a multi-dimensional adaptive factor matrix is derived to modify the noise covariance ***,a large number of simulation experiments are carried out on the IEEE 39-bus system,which shows that the proposed filter can accurately track the SG state under different abnormal test conditions.

关键词： Cyber attack dynamic state estimation Kalman filtering synchronous generator(SG) unscented transformation

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ELCD-NSC2: a novel early lung cancer detection and non-small cell classification framework

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第24期36卷 15149-15164页

作者： Helaly, Hadeer A. Badawy, Mahmoud El-Gendy, Eman M. Haikal, Amira Y. Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Damietta University Damietta Egypt Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Department of Computer Science and Informatics Taibah University Medina Saudi Arabia

The survival rate of lung cancer relies significantly on how far the disease has spread when it is detected, how it reacts to the treatment, the patient’s overall health, and other factors. Therefore, the earlier the lung cancer diagnosis, the higher the survival rate. For radiologists, recognizing malignant lung nodules from computed tomography (CT) scans is a challenging and time-consuming process. As a result, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been suggested to alleviate these burdens. Deep-learning approaches have demonstrated remarkable results in recent years, surpassing traditional methods in different fields. Researchers are currently experimenting with several deep-learning strategies to increase the effectiveness of CAD systems in lung cancer detection with CT. This work proposes a deep-learning framework for detecting and diagnosing lung cancer. The proposed framework used recent deep-learning techniques in all its layers. The autoencoder technique structure is tuned and used in the preprocessing stage to denoise and reconstruct the medical lung cancer dataset. Besides, it depends on the transfer learning pre-trained models to make multi-classification among different lung cancer cases such as benign, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. The proposed model provides high performance while recognizing and differentiating between two types of datasets, including biopsy and CT scans. The Cancer Imaging Archive and Kaggle datasets are utilized to train and test the proposed model. The empirical results show that the proposed framework performs well according to various performance metrics. According to accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC metrics, it achieves 99.60, 99.61, 99.62, 99.70, and 99.75%, respectively. Also, it depicts 0.0028, 0.0026, and 0.0507 in mean absolute error, mean squared error, and root mean square error metrics. Furthermore, it helps physicians effectively diagnose lung cancer in its early stages and allows spe

关键词： Image classification

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Nominal Performance Recovery of a Disturbance Observer-based Control System With Respect to the Time Constant of Q-filters

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Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and systems 2024年第12期30卷 1340-1346页

作者： Joo, Youngjun Department of Electrical Engineering and Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems Sookmyung Women’s University Korea Republic of

This paper provides an analysis of the disturbance and uncertainty compensation performance of a disturbance observer-based control system with respect to the time constant of a Q-filter. Assuming that the time constant is sufficiently small, it was shown that the disturbance observer can compensate disturbances and recover the nominal performance designed for nominal models without considering the plant uncertainties and disturbances based on the singular perturbation theory. The explicit bound of the time constant needed for achieving robust stability for the disturbance observer-based control system has not been provided. Thus, in this paper, we provide its explicit bound and the relationship between the nominal performance recovery and the time constant using Lyapunov stability analysis. Finally, the simulation results of the mechanical systems were presented to validate the proposed analysis. © ICROS 2024.

关键词： Control system analysis

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Achieving n-Fold Increase in the Unambiguous Radar Range of a Uniform Pulse Train by Turning Off Every n'th Pulse (for n = 3, 4, 5⋯)

IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Radar systems 2024年 2卷 263-267页

作者： Levanon, Nadav Tel Aviv University The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering - Systems Tel Aviv6997810 Israel

This correspondence addresses the radar challenge of extending the unambiguous delay in a uniform pulse train beyond the pulse repetition interval (PRI). The proposed approach involves dividing the streaming transmitted pulses into consecutive groups, each comprising n pulses. These n transmitted pulses undergo overlay with a coded sequence Sn (e.g., S3 = {1 1 0}). Concurrently, the corresponding n reference pulses in the receiver undergo overlay with a coded sequence Rn (e.g., R3 = {1, 1-1 }), requiring a sidelobe-free periodic cross-correlation between Sn and Rn. The initially identical transmitted pulses may be either plain or compressed, and the corresponding reference pulses can be matched or mismatched. This innovative approach extends the unambiguous range by a factor of n. However, it does not address the issue of masked target returns coinciding with detection of the system's own pulses, when the isolation of own pulses is insufficient and they saturate the receiver. Notably, the proposed approach is applicable to both coherent and non-coherent systems such as Lidar. However, our emphasis here is mainly on non-coherent systems. The presentation includes simple examples with n values of 3, 4, and 5, and considers system performances in the presence of noise. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Probability density function

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MIMO performance enhancement of MIMO arrays using PCS-based near-field optimization technique

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 170-185页

作者： Yipeng WANG Xiaoming CHEN Huiling PEI Wei E.I.SHA Yi HUANG Ahmed A.KISHK School of Information and Communications Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Electronic Devices and Smart Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang University Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of Liverpool Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University

Extensive efforts have been made in designing large multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)arrays. Nevertheless, improvements in conventional antenna characteristics cannot ensure significant MIMO performance improvement in realistic multipath environments. Array decorrelation techniques have been proposed, achieving correlation reductions by either tilting the antenna beams or shifting the phase centers away from each other. Hence, these methods are mainly limited to MIMO terminals with small arrays. To avoid such problems, this work proposes a decorrelation optimization technique based on phase correcting surface(PCS)that can be applied to large MIMO arrays, enhancing their MIMO performances in a realistic(non-isotropic)multipath environment. First, by using a near-field channel model and an optimization algorithm, a near-field phase distribution improving the MIMO capacity is obtained. Then the PCS(consisting of square elements)is used to cover the array's aperture, achieving the desired near-field phase *** examples demonstrate the effectiveness of this PCS-based near-field optimization technique. One is a1 × 4 dual-polarized patch array(working at 2.4 GHz)covered by a 2 × 4 PCS with 0.6λ center-to-center distance. The other is a 2 × 8 dual-polarized dipole array, for which a 4 × 8 PCS with 0.4λ center-to-center distance is designed. Their MIMO capacities can be effectively enhanced by 8% and 10% in single-cell and multi-cell scenarios, respectively. The PCS has insignificant effects on mutual coupling, matching, and the average radiation efficiency of the patch array, and increases the antenna gain by about 2.5 dB while keeping broadside radiations to ensure good cellular coverage, which benefits the MIMO performance of the *** proposed technique offers a new perspective for improving large MIMO arrays in realistic multipath in a statistical sense.

关键词： antenna correlation array antenna multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) capacity

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Robust Optimal Power Grid Frequency Regulation Support using Grid Forming Converters

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IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 2025年第2期145卷 123-135页

作者： Rehimi, Sharara Urabe, Chiyori T. Bevrani, Hassan Kato, Takeyoshi Department of Electrical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya464-0814 Japan Smart/Micro Grids Research Center Department of Electrical Engineering University of Kurdistan Sanandaj Iran Electrical Engineering Department Institute of Materials Systems for Sustainability of Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya464-0814 Japan

To enhance frequency and active power control performance, this research proposes a decentralized approach for power grid frequency regulation support using grid-forming (GFM) converters. The proposed approach employs the Kharitonov method to design a robust proportional-integral (PI) controller in the outer control loop of a grid-connected GFM converter. The PI controller is made expressly to deal with the uncertainties and disruptions that are common in power grid operations. The PI controller successfully mitigates system risks by demonstrating strong stability through the application of the Kharitonov approach. Additionally, depending on the expected system performance, this work uses Bayesian optimization to choose the optimal parameters from the robust Kharitonov solutions family. In decentralized frequency regulation, the Kharitonov approach combined with Bayesian optimization presents a viable framework for robust-optimal control system parameters tuning. The efficacy of the proposed method in attaining robust optimal frequency regulation support in a power grid with a grid-connected GFM converter is demonstrated and the result is examined in the simulation environment. © 2025 The Institute of electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Robust control

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Operational Current Amplifier-Based Quadrature Oscillators Family

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 87281-87291页

作者： Alzaher, Hussain A. Alkhalifa, Ibrahim M. Department of Electrical Engineering Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Irc for Communication Systems and Sensing Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia

This paper investigates the application of the operational current amplifier (OCA) in the design of quadrature sinusoidal oscillators. There are numerous quadrature sinusoidal oscillators based on the three fundamental amplifiers namely the operational amplifier (OpAmp), the operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), and the operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA);however, their counterparts based on the OCA have not been reported. In this paper, several possible quadrature oscillator structures based on the OCA are systematically developed from their voltage mode active-RC counterparts using adjoint network theorem. Consequently, it is shown that the resulted oscillators do not necessarily preserve the attractive features of the voltage mode quadrature oscillators;namely providing explicit quadrature current output signals with equal amplitudes. When attempting to retain these features, it is found that the minimum OCAs needed is three. Analyzing this issue has paved the way for developing a novel OCA based integrator that promotes the invention of a new quadrature oscillator using only two OCAs. Simulation results obtained from a standard 150 nm CMOS process are provided. It is demonstrated that the proposed oscillator consumes approximately 350μ W while working in the 3 MHz range. Measurement results obtained from a prototype implemented using CMOS OCA ICs also confirms the proposed theory. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Circuit oscillations

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A New Approach to Determine Feasible Operating Region of Unbalanced Distribution Networks With Distributed Photovoltaics

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IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 2025年第3期40卷 1493-1504页

作者： Prasad, Manorath Rather, Zakir Hussain Razzaghi, Reza Doolla, Suryanarayana Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Department of Energy Science and Engineering Mumbai400076 India Monash University Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering MelbourneVIC3800 Australia

Amidst rising distributed generation and its potential role in grid management, this article presents a new realistic approach to determine the operational space and flexibility potential of an unbalanced active distribution network. The feasible operating region of an active distribution network is constituted by its range of active-reactive power exchanges with the bulk power system without breaching network constraints. This study explores the potential of highly penetrated single- and three-phase distributed photovoltaics and voltage-sensitive loads to determine the feasible operating region at different operating points. The cumulative response of Volt-Var controlled distributed photovoltaics and voltage-sensitive loads determines the power flow at the bulk power system-active distribution network interconnection, ensuring feasibility with respect to voltage magnitude and unbalance constraints. Further, the correspondence of feasible operating region with the tap-settings of substation transformer enables a novel feature to traverse throughout the available operating region and facilitate bulk power system-active distribution network power coordination. Additionally, a nodal sensitivity-based adjustable Volt-Var control scheme is proposed for distributed photovoltaics, improving the feasible operating region. The proposed strategy is validated on bulk power system-active distribution network integrated test system. Bulk power system: IEEE-9 bus system – Active distribution network: (highly unbalanced IEEE-13 bus distribution system (medium voltage) + modified CIGRE low voltage system). © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Power distribution networks

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Direct Power Control Based on Dead-beat Function and Extended Kalman Filter for PV systems

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2023年第3期11卷 863-872页

作者： Mostafa Ahmed Ibrahim Harbi Ralph Kennel Mohamed Abdelrahem Chair of High-Power Converter Systems(HLU) Technical University of Munich(TUM)80333 MunichGermany Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMenoufia UniversityShebin El-Koum 32511Egypt IEEE

In this paper,a new proposal for the implementation of the well-known direct power control(DPC)technique in grid-connected photovoltaic(PV)systems is ***,the DPC is executed using a look-up table procedure based on the error between the actual and reference values of the active and reactive ***,the structure of the DPC is simple and results in a fast transient behavior of the inner current loop(injected currents).Therefore,in the current study,the DPC is reformulated using a dead-beat *** this formulation,the reference voltage vector(RVV)is obtained in theα-βreference ***,the switching states for the inverter can be obtained based on the sign of the components of the *** suggested DPC is compared with the conventional one and other switching tables,which are intended for performance ***,an extended Kalman filter(EKF)is utilized to eliminate all grid-voltage ***,the switching frequency of the proposed technique is minimized without any need for weighting factors or cost function *** overall control technique is validated using a hardware-in-the-loop(HIL)experimental set-up and compared with other schemes under different operating conditions.

关键词： Photovoltaic(PV)system direct power control(DPC) sensorless control switching frequency minimization weighting factor

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An analysis of parameters affecting ampacity in aircraft bipolar MVDC power cables via coupled electrical,thermal,and computational fluid dynamic modelling

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High Voltage 2024年第6期9卷 1208-1220页

作者： Arian Azizi Mona Ghassemi Zero Emission Realization of Optimized Energy Systems(ZEROES)LaboratoryDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringThe University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTexasUSA

The next generation of aircraft,including more electric aircraft and all-electric aircraft(AEA),requires electric power systems with high power density and low system mass *** the voltage of the system to the range of a few kV,medium voltage(MV),is a reasonable approach to achieving high-power-density and low-system-mass EPSs for aircraft *** voltages,however,pose many challenges for aviation MV power cables such as arcs and arc tracking,partial discharges(PDs),and thermal *** this regard,thermal management is more challenging since heat transfer by convection is greatly reduced at wide-body aircraft's cruising altitudes due to the reduced air *** this paper,a finite element method(FEM)model is devel-oped in COMSOL Multiphysics for an aircraft bipolar MVDC(5 kV)power *** the model,the maximum permissible cable current at a low pressure of 18.8 kPa(at an altitude of 12.2 km from sea level,the usual cruising altitude for wide-body aircraft)is ***,an analytical model is developed based on analytical and proven empirical correlations governing conductive,radiative,and convective heat transfers at the steady state to estimate the ampacity of the bipolar cable system at reduced *** was shown that the proposed analytical model can be used for atmospheric pressure and systems with a larger number of poles,expanding its range of *** results of the FEM and analytical models correlate at wide ranges of parameters such as ambient temperature,duct size,distance between the positive and negative pole cables,and the overall diameter of the *** influence of horizontal and vertical arrangement of poles is included in the analytical *** results of this study can be used to design bipolar MVDC power cable systems for the envisaged wide-body AEA.

关键词： bipolar power thermal

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