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Automated lumpy skin grading in bovine images using novel deep convolutional neural networks

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-26页

作者： Muhammad, Abdul Malik ur Rehman, Muhammad Zia Mushtaq, Zohaib Qureshi, Muhammad Farrukh Department of Biomedical Engineering Riphah International University Islamabad44000 Pakistan Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Systems University of Sargodha Sargodha40100 Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Namal University Mianwali Mianwali42250 Pakistan Center of AI and BigData Namal University Mianwali Mianwali42250 Pakistan

The diagnosis and prevention of lumpy skin disease, a viral ailment affecting cattle and buffalo, present significant financial implications for the livestock industry. Traditional methods for identifying lumpy skin disease rely on manual visual inspection by veterinarians, which can be labor-intensive, subjective, and prone to errors. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model for the automatic recognition and grading of lumpy skin disease from bovine images. The primary contributions of this research include the development of a DCNN architecture specifically tailored for this task, comprising five convolutional layers, five max pooling layers, two fully connected layers with ReLU activation, and a final fully connected layer with softmax activation. The model’s detection accuracy is further enhanced by applying image cropping and patching techniques, which divide each input image into 12 patches to improve local feature extraction. The proposed model was trained and tested using a publicly available dataset from Kaggle. Comparative analysis was conducted against several state-of-the-art models, including InceptionV3, ResNet50, MobileNetV3, VGG19, and Xception. The DCNN model demonstrated superior performance, achieving the highest validation accuracy of 0.96875, outperforming the compared models in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Additionally, the study explores the potential of transitioning from binary to multiclass classification, which would allow for the assessment of the severity of lumpy skin disease. This future direction aims to provide more nuanced and actionable information for veterinary diagnostics. The significance of this research lies in its potential to offer an objective, efficient, and scalable solution for early disease detection and prevention in livestock, thereby presenting considerable economic benefits for farmers and the livestock industry as a whole. The me

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Optical pulse processor based on achromatic time lens assisted by compound phase modulation

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Optics Express 2025年第10期33卷 20754-20766页

作者： Liu, Huabei Xie, Qijie Ma, Chunyang Na, Quanxin Wang, Chaopeng Zuo, Guomeng Shi, Xiaobin Du, Jiangbing Wang, Lei Shao, Liyang Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

The time-lens based optical pulse processors have been widely applied in ultrafast optical processing and quantum optics. Conventionally, the time-lens systems used to adopt a sinusoidal waveform to approximate quadratic temporal phase modulation. It inevitably restricts the duration of a linear chirp, and thus limiting the temporal aperture to realize perfect Fourier transform. In this paper, we propose what we believe to be a novel achromatic time lens to expand the temporal aperture by using compound phase modulation. The achromatic time lens first compresses an optical pulse via a traditional time lens, and then introduces a linear chirp over the pulse duration by applying compound waveform consisted of the weighted fundamental and second harmonics. Numerical results proved that the synthesized linear chirp can be maintained over the pulse duration, when the duty cycle of the incident pulse increased from 15% to 72%. It indicates the effective temporal aperture to be expanded significantly. Experimentally, we have applied the achromatic time lens system to process a Gaussian pulse without distorting the pulse shape. The pulse width is compressed from 34 ps to 2.2 ps, while the spectral bandwidth is broadened from 0.32 nm to 1.6 nm. Both the temporal waveform and spectral envelope are maintained. The achromatic time lens scheme exhibits potential integration for supporting on-chip pulse processing with large time aperture. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Quantum optics

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Receding horizon optimization for distributed control of electric vehicle charging stations

Receding horizon optimization for distributed control of ele...

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2024 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe Conference, ISGT EUROPE 2024

作者： Malkova, Anna Zepter, Jan Martin Marinelli, Mattia Amezquita, Herbert Morais, Hugo Technical University of Denmark Department of Wind and Energy Systems Roskilde Denmark Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lisbon Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9789531842976

With the continuous increase of electric vehicle (EV) adoption, deploying smart charging techniques offer a practical solution to mitigate the impact of grid overloading caused by simultaneous EV charging. At the same time, smart charging can help to stabilize the fluctuations in the production from local renewable energy sources (RES). This article introduces a receding horizon optimization model for the distributed control of EV chargers at charging stations, focusing on maximizing the profit of the charging station, while enhancing the utilization of local PV generation. The proposed model operates in 5-minute intervals, determining the power reference for the EV cluster at the charging station. Results demonstrate that the proposed model effectively lowers electricity cost for charging stations, while ensuring more than 90% energy delivery for charging EVs. Future research will be focused on integrating wind energy and refining the model in controlled lab tests for practical implementation and validation. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Charging stations

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Application of Linear Electromagnetic Actuators in Vehicular Suspensions 12

Application of Linear Electromagnetic Actuators in Vehicular...

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12th SAE BRASIL Colloquium on Suspensions and Road Implements and engineering Exhibition, BRASILCOLL 2023

作者： Eckert, Paulo Roberto Boff, Ben Hur Bandeira Follmann, Lucas Da Silva Oliveira, Eduardo Filho, Aly Ferreira Flores Flores, Jeferson Vieira Perondi, Eduardo Andre Lenz, Augusto Schmidt Poli, Mariana Damm Marcolin, Vinicius Campagnaro Struck, Rodrigo Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal Universi Russia Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering Federal Universi Russia Suspensys Automotive Systems RS Caxias do Sul Brazil

This study comprehensively describes the application of linear electromagnetic actuators in automotive suspension systems, focusing on the electromagnetic force necessary in suspension systems operating in passive, semi-active, and active modes and their capability for energy regeneration. The use of electromagnetic actuators as an alternative to traditional shock absorbers makes easy the energy harvesting that is typically lost during vertical vehicle displacement. An initial sizing technique for dimensioning electromagnetic actuators is applied to estimate the requirements for heavy vehicles. Experimental tests are conducted to validate the proposed method and assess the performance of the electromagnetic actuator in the suspension system for passive, semi-active, and active operations. A suitable extrapolation of the validated data is performed to determine the feasibility of the application of the proposed solution for heavy vehicles and identify potential applications and markets based on the road conditions of the ISO 8608 standard. This study offers a comprehensive approach to determining the actuator force for the suspension system and/or studying its potential for energy regeneration. As a result, it becomes possible to analyze the viability of the actuator replacement and provides important insights for further research and development. © 2023 SAE International. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shock absorbers

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Wrist measurement for millimeter-wave non-invasive glucose monitoring: Numerical analysis of an anatomically realistic tissue model 46

Wrist measurement for millimeter-wave non-invasive glucose m...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Azuma, Lena Natsuaki, Ryo Hirose, Akira The University of Tokyo Department of Bioengineering Tokyo Japan The University of Tokyo Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

This paper shows the advantages of wrist measurement for millimeter-wave (MMW) non-invasive glucose monitoring based on an anatomically realistic tissue model. The wrist possesses not only its good accessibility but also its thin epidermis and the existence of a radial artery, which enable MMW to acquire blood signals with a high sensitivity. We analyze their scattering characteristics according to blood glucose change in a frequency range of 60-90 GHz. Analysis results indicate that MMW senses skin microvasculature and radial artery, leading to high sensitivity to blood glucose levels. This work contributes to achieving reliable non-invasive blood glucose monitoring. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Glucose sensors

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Performance Impact of Co-Existing Indoor Private 5G NR Networks for Industrial Use 35

Performance Impact of Co-Existing Indoor Private 5G NR Netwo...

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35th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, PIMRC 2024

作者： Damsgaard, Sebastian Bro Rodriguez, Ignacio Mogensen, Preben Aalborg University Department of Electronic Systems Aalborg Denmark University of Oviedo Department of Electrical Engineering Gijón Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362244

With the adoption of industrial 5G Non-Public Network (NPN), comes a need for high density deployment. Limited spectrum, necessitates channel reuse and legislation is currently being established to accommodate. This paper investigates the impact of inter-network co-channel interference on commercial indoor 5G Stand-Alone (SA) networks and relates it to Norwegian 3.5 GHz legislation. Three scenarios are considered: direct line-of-sight, neighboring 5 G spaces with interior walls, and neighboring 5G buildings with multiple interior and exterior walls. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), including downlink and uplink throughput, latency, and packet loss, are evaluated under passive interference and active interference with background user equipment (UE) traffic conditions. The study finds that direct line-of-sight interference significantly disrupts throughput, particularly in the uplink direction, while separating networks by walls or buildings helps negate interference to varying degrees. Latency is also affected by direct line-of-sight interference but recovers more gracefully as separation between networks increases. No increased packet losses were observed, indicating high reliability for 5G in challenging scenarios. The results show that Norway's model, which ensures easy adoption, flexible deployment, and good distance separation to prevent co-channel interference, is a suitable template for future EU standardization on 5G NPN © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Packet loss

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Path Planning for an Autonomous Vehicle based on the Ant Colony Algorithm: A Review

Path Planning for an Autonomous Vehicle based on the Ant Col...

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2023 International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing, IWAIIP 2023

作者： Sari, Desi Windi Dwijayanti, Suci Suprapto, Bhakti Yudho Universitas Sriwijaya Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Palembang Indonesia Universitas Sriwijaya Doctoral Program in Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Palembang Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382914

Efficient path planning technology for autonomous vehicles not only yields significant time savings but also contributes to reducing fuel usage. Various methodologies have been introduced and documented in the literature concerning the path planning of autonomous vehicles. While these methodologies may not ensure an optimal solution, they have demonstrated successful applications in their respective contexts, especially the ant colony algorithm. Nevertheless, not many papers discuss the literature review from the viewpoint of ant colony-based path planning. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review encompassing the modeling, optimization criteria, and solution algorithms related to the ant colony for path planning. In this study, the review of the ant colony algorithm is divided into global and local path planning. Based on the review results, the ant colony algorithm appears suitable for global path planning. To achieve better performance, it can be combined with other algorithms such as artificial potential field (APF), genetic algorithm, and particle swarm algorithm. These studies are conducted solely in simulations. Therefore, further research should be carried out to ensure the performance of combining the ant colony and APF for autonomous vehicles for both global and local path planning. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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Point Cloud Classification Using Content-Based Transformer via Clustering in Feature Space

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 231-239页

作者： Yahui Liu Bin Tian Yisheng Lv Lingxi Li Fei-Yue Wang the State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 the School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 IEEE the Transportation and Autonomous Systems Institute(TASI)and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue School of Engineering and TechnologyIndiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis(IUPUI)Indianapolis 46202 USA

Recently, there have been some attempts of Transformer in 3D point cloud classification. In order to reduce computations, most existing methods focus on local spatial attention,but ignore their content and fail to establish relationships between distant but relevant points. To overcome the limitation of local spatial attention, we propose a point content-based Transformer architecture, called PointConT for short. It exploits the locality of points in the feature space(content-based), which clusters the sampled points with similar features into the same class and computes the self-attention within each class, thus enabling an effective trade-off between capturing long-range dependencies and computational complexity. We further introduce an inception feature aggregator for point cloud classification, which uses parallel structures to aggregate high-frequency and low-frequency information in each branch separately. Extensive experiments show that our PointConT model achieves a remarkable performance on point cloud shape classification. Especially, our method exhibits 90.3% Top-1 accuracy on the hardest setting of ScanObjectN N. Source code of this paper is available at https://***/yahuiliu99/PointC onT.

关键词： Content-based Transformer deep learning feature aggregator local attention point cloud classification

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Optimal Location to Use Solar Energy in an Urban Situation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 815-829页

作者： Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra Indrajit Patra N.Bharath Kumar Iskandar Muda Elsayed M.Tag El Din Faculty of Engineering Udayana UniversityBali80361Indonesia An Independent Researcher NIT DurgapurWest Bengal700027India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and ResearchGuntur522001India Department of Doctoral Program Faculty Economic and BusinessUniversitas Sumatera UtaraMedan20222Indonesia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering&TechnologyFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo11835Egypt

This study conducted in Lima, Peru, a combination of spatial decisionmaking system and machine learning was utilized to identify potentialsolar power plant construction sites within the city. Sundial measurementsof solar radiation, precipitation, temperature, and altitude were collectedfor the study. Gene Expression programming (GEP), which is based on theevolution of intelligent models, and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) wereboth utilized in this investigation, and the results obtained from each werecompared. Eighty percent of the data was utilized during the training phase,while the remaining twenty percent was utilized during the testing phase. Onthe basis of the findings, it was determined that the GEP is the most suitablenetwork for predicting the location. The test state’s Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE) was 0.90, and its root-mean-square error (RMSE) was 0.04. Followingthe generation of the final map based on the results of the GEP model, itwas determined that 9.2% of the province’s study area is suitable for theconstruction of photovoltaic solar power plants, while 53.5% is acceptable and37.3% is unsuitable. The ANN model reveals that only 1.7% of the study areais suitable for the construction of photovoltaic solar power plants, while 66.8%is acceptable and 31.5% is unsuitable.

关键词： Solar energy renewable energy machine learning

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Power System Decarbonization and electrical Vehicles 22

Power System Decarbonization and Electrical Vehicles

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22nd International Symposium INFOTEH-JAHORINA, INFOTEH 2023

作者： Dobric, Goran University of Belgrade School of Electrical Engineering Power Systems Department Belgrade Serbia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475464

Decarbonization of power systems represents the main tool of energy transition and sustainable development. Faced with many challenges, decarbonization of power systems needs the application of new technologies for production and energy storage, advanced optimization algorithms and artificial intelligence algorithms for system operation and control, as well as the utilization of all available balancing resources, especially at the distribution level by activating consumers and distributed resources. This paper gives an overview of the current state of decarbonization process in the world, including CO2 emission, electricity consumption rise, the rapid growth of electric vehicle sales and changes in power systems needed for their utilization. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power distribution

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