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InP/ZnS core/shell quantum dots: Synthesis, characterization and their application in fullerene derivative based flexible solar cells

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Results in Physics 2025年 69卷

作者： Zhichu, Chen Tahir, Muhammad Muhammad, Fida Aziz, Fakhra Ayub, Ambreen Badshah, Fazal Refat, Moamen S. Cakmak, Sadiye M. Rehan, Shanza Adam, Abdel Majid A. Alsuhaibani, Amnah Mohammed Ayob, Afida Sarker, Mahidur R Khan, Adam School of Electrical and Information Engineering Hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan 442002 China Semiconductor Physics & Devices Laboratory Department of Physics Faculty of Physical and Numerical Sciences Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan 23200 Pakistan Department of Electronics University of Peshawar KP Pakistan Department of Physics Women University Mardan KP 23200 Pakistan Department of Chemistry College of Science Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia Program of Medical Monitoring Techniques Osmangazi University Eskisehir Eskisehir 26040 Turkey Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology Topi 23640 Pakistan Department of Physical Sport Sciences College of Sport Sciences & Physical Activity Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia Centre for Integrated Systems Engineering and Advanced Technologies (INTEGRA) Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi 43600 Malaysia Institute of Visual Informatics Universiti Kebangsaan Selangor Malaysia Bangi 43600 Malaysia Universidad de Diseno Innovacion y Tecnología UDIT Av. Alfonso XIII 97 Madrid 28016 Spain Department of Electronics Engineering University of Engineering & Technology Peshawar (Abbottabad Campus) Abbottabad Pakistan

Herein, we report on the synthesis and characterization of p-type semiconductor indium phosphide/zinc sulphide (InP/ZnS) core/shell quantum dots (QDs) prepared via a simple solvothermal method and their potential application in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) flexible solar cell (SC). The BHJ SC composed of donor–acceptor (D-A) configuration at nanoscale provides larger interfacial junction area throughout the bulk volume of the photo-absorber D-A blend that facilitates excitons to efficiently dissociate within the bulk layer at D-A interface. Hence, InP/ZnS core–shell QDs and a fullerene derivative – phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) – are used as hybrid inorganic–organic D-A materials, respectively, to fabricate Ag/LiF/InP/ZnS-PCBM/P3HT/ITO/PET BHJ flexible SC. Indium tin oxide (ITO) coated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), lithium fluoride (LiF) and silver (Ag) are employed as a flexible substrate, hole transport layer (HTL), electron transport layer (ETL) and counter electrode, respectively. Photovoltaic (PV) properties of the fabricated BHJ flexible SC are studied under standard testing conditions (STC) i.e., 25 ⁰C, 1.5 AM global and 100 mW/cm² irradiation, which exhibit fill factor (FF) of 59 ± 0.02 % and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.22 ± 0.05 %. Also, the heterojunction characteristics are investigated in dark condition (0 lx) to find series resistance (R_s), ideality factor (n), and reverse saturation current (I₀). X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy are performed to further investigate the properties of InP/ZnS-PCBM thin films. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image of InP/ZnS core/shell QDs confirmed the successful synthesis of QDs having an average size of 5 ± 1 nm. The InP/ZnS-PCBM D-A photo-absorber layer reveals its potential as one of good candidates for hi

关键词： Flexible solar cell Hybrid bulk heterojunction (BHJ) InP/ZnS core/shell QDs Power conversion efficiency (PCE) Quantum dots (QDs) synthesis

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From Synthetic Data to Real Palm Vein Identification: a Fine-Tuning Approach

From Synthetic Data to Real Palm Vein Identification: a Fine...

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Pattern Recognition Systems (ICPRS), International Conference on

作者： Ruber Hernández-García Edwin H. Salazar-Jurado Ricardo J. Barrientos Francisco Manuel Castro Julián Ramos-Cózar Nicolás Guil CIEAM Research Center LITRP Laboratory Universidad Católica del Maule Talca Chile DMMA PhD Program LITRP Laboratory Facultad de Ciencias Báicas Universidad Católica del Maule Talca Chile Dept. DCI Faculty of Engineering Sciences LITRP Laboratory Universidad Católica del Maule Talca Chile Dept. of Computer Architecture Universidad of Mólaga Málaga Spain

Palm vein recognition has relevant advantages in comparison with most traditional biometrics, such as high security and recognition performance. In recent years, CNN-based models for vascular biometrics have improved the state-of-the-art, but they have the disadvantage of requiring a larger number of samples for training. In this context, the generation of synthetic databases is very effective for evaluating the performance of biometric systems. The present study proposes a new perspective of a transfer learning approach for palm vein recognition, evaluating the use of Synthetic-sPVDB and NS-PVDB synthetic databases for pre-training deep learning models and validating their performance on real databases. The proposed methodology comprises two different branches as inputs. Firstly, a synthetic database is used to train a CNN model, and in the second branch, a real database is used to finetune and evaluate the performance of the resulting pre-trained model. For the feature learning process, we implemented two end-to-end CNN architectures based on AlexNet and Resnet32. The experimental results on the most representative public datasets have shown the usefulness of using palm vein synthetic images for transfer learning, outperforming the state-of-the-art results.

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The effects of UV light wavelength and distance differences in viral genetic material integrity

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3155卷

作者： Arya Adiningrat Ahmad Ghitha Fadhlurrahman Yuli Rismawanto Tony Khristanto Hariadi Maria Ulfa Rama Okta Wiyagi Muhammad Yusvin Mustar Molecular Medicine and Therapy Laboratory Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Bantul Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Bantul Indonesia Master of Hospital Administration Postgraduate Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Bantul Indonesia

The pandemic has shown viral capacity in massive spreading and environmental adaptability for years. It has infected millions of people with several symptoms leading to millions of mortality worldwide. Its fast-spreading capacity, unpredictability prognosis and variants appearance are leading big threats, particularly to the health facilities. Therefore, appropriate health protection equipment, including adequate and safe decontamination procedures, is required to support the facilities in overcoming potential future contaminating pathogens. Unfortunately, only a few studies evaluated the utilization of medical decontamination devices. Rapid and massive manufacturing of decontamination devices without further and adequate post-monitoring may have several side effects. Therefore, careful and continuing consideration and evaluation studies are necessary to maintain the devices’ quality and performance. This study aims to evaluate the ability of UV lights as laboratory devices to impair viral components. Clinical RNA samples were provided by the COVID-19 laboratory examiner as blinded samples without any subject information. SARS-CoV2 RNA (a viral representative RNA material) extract was exposed to 5 different UV lights, with different distances and exposure duration. The exposed RNA was then sequentially used as a cDNA template and DNA amplification. Amplification products were visualized by electrophoresis and densitometry analysis. Visualization and densitometry analysis showed that the UV-LED Nichia NCSU 334 had the most significant disruptive ability among the tested lights. The exposure duration and distance altered the effectiveness of UV light in damaging viral genetic material. UV-LED Nichia NCSU 334 could be suggested as an alternative UV source in a UV light-based disinfection system. This study proposed direct evidence for evaluating decontamination devices to ensure the effectiveness of the decontamination process.

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Facilitating light utilization and electron transfer of TiO2 nanotube arrays for catalyzing photoelectrochemical water reduction via acid etching and copper doping

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Materials Today Chemistry 2023年 34卷

作者： Hsu, Chuan-Chih Kubendhiran, Subbiramaniyan Lai, Jhih-Hong Saukani, Muhammad Yougbaré, Sibidou Chen, Hung-Ming Hsiao, Yu-Cheng Wu, Yung-Fu Lin, Lu-Yin Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Surgery School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Surgery Taipei Medical University Hospital Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Islam Kalimantan MAB Jl. Adhyaksa No. 2 Banjarmasin70124 Indonesia /Nanoro 03 B.P 7192 03 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Gingen Technology Co. LTD Rm. 7 10F. No.189 Sec. 2 Keelung Rd. Xinyi Dist. Taipei11054 Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei11696 Taiwan International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Stanford Byers Center for Biodesign Stanford University CA94305-5428 United States Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan

Photoelectrochemical catalytic capability mainly relies on light absorption and charge transfer efficiency. TiO2 nanotube array (TNA) having suitable band edges and one-dimensional hollow structure is regarded as one of efficient photoelectrocatalysts toward water reduction. In this study, two strategies are firstly applied to modify TNA as the photocatalyst of water reduction. Ti foils are etched by acid to produce multiple light reflections planes for improving light absorption, and Cu is doped in TNA to enhance charge transfer efficiency. The optimal Cu-doped TNA electrode on the acid-etched Ti foil presents a much smaller overpotential of 91 mV at 10 mA/cm2 compared with that of the undoped TNA (524 mV). A smaller Tafel slope of 134 mV/dec is obtained for the optimal Cu-doped TNA electrode than that of the undoped TNA (167 mV/dec). After measuring the photoelectrochemical performance for 1000 cycles, overpotential and charge-transfer resistance of modified TNA are largely reduced owing to activation. Current retention of 96.7% is achieved after continuously illuminating for 10 h. Highly improved photoelectrochemical catalytic ability of TNA modified by acid etching and Cu doping provides new pages for material modifications on substrate and active material. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Light absorption

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Emergent dimer-model topological order and quasi-particle excitations in liquid crystals: combinatorial vortex lattices

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Meng, Cuiling Wu, Jin-Sheng Kos, Žiga Dunkel, Jörn Nisoli, Cristiano Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashihiroshima Japan Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Department of Condensed Matter Physics Jožef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia Theoretical Division Physics of Condensed Matter and Complex Systems Center For Nonlinear Studies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Liquid crystals have proven to provide a versatile experimental and theoretical platform for studying topological objects such as vortices, skyrmions, and hopfions. In parallel, in hard condensed matter physics, the concept of topological phases and topological order has been introduced in the context of spin liquids to investigate emergent phenomena like quantum Hall effects and high-temperature superconductivity. Here, we bridge these two seemingly disparate perspectives on topology in physics. Combining experiments and simulations, we show how topological defects in liquid crystals can be used as versatile building blocks to create complex, highly degenerate topological phases, which we refer to as ‘Combinatorial Vortex Lattices’ (CVLs). CVLs exhibit extensive residual entropy and support locally stable quasi-particle excitations in the form of charge-conserving topological monopoles, which can act as mobile information carriers and be linked via Dirac strings. CLVs can be rewritten and reconfigured on demand, endowed with various symmetries, and modified through laser-induced topological surgery — an essential capability for information storage and retrieval. We demonstrate experimentally the realization, stability, and precise optical manipulation of CVLs, thus opening new avenues for understanding and technologically exploiting higher-hierarchy topology in liquid crystals and other ordered media. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laser surgery

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Heterogeneous Oblique Double Random Forest

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ganaie, M.A. Tanveer, M. Beheshti, I. Ahmad, N. Suganthan, P.N. Department of Robotics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol Indore453552 India Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science Rady Faculty of Health Sciences Max Rady College of Medicine University of Manitoba WinnipegMB Canada Department of International Program of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan KINDI Center for Computing Research College of Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar

The decision tree ensembles use a single data feature at each node for splitting the data. However, splitting in this manner may fail to capture the geometric properties of the data. Thus, oblique decision trees generate the oblique hyperplane for splitting the data at each non-leaf node. Oblique decision trees capture the geometric properties of the data and hence, show better generalization. The performance of the oblique decision trees depends on the way oblique hyperplanes are generate and the data used for the generation of those hyperplanes. Recently, multiple classifiers have been used in a heterogeneous random forest (RaF) classifier, however, it fails to generate the trees of proper depth. Moreover, double RaF studies highlighted that larger trees can be generated via bootstrapping the data at each non-leaf node and splitting the original data instead of the bootstrapped data recently. The study of heterogeneous RaF lacks the generation of larger trees while as the double RaF based model fails to take over the geometric characteristics of the data. To address these shortcomings, we propose heterogeneous oblique double RaF. The proposed model employs several linear classifiers at each non-leaf node on the bootstrapped data and splits the original data based on the optimal linear classifier. The optimal hyperplane corresponds to the models based on the optimized impurity criterion. The experimental analysis indicates that the performance of the introduced heterogeneous double random forest is comparatively better than the baseline models. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed heterogeneous double random forest, we used it for the diagnosis of Schizophrenia disease. The proposed model predicted the disease more accurately compared to the baseline models. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Decision trees

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Review of smart grids advancements of energy mix sources

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2746卷

作者： A. N. Woro W. M. W. Muda A. Z. Annuar B. Syaiful Electrical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Pamulang University Pamulang Tangerang Selatan Banten Indonesia Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 2103 Kuala Nerus Terengganu Malaysia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Pamulang University Pamulang Tangerang Selatan Banten Indonesia. Centre for Nuclear Reactor Technology and Safety National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia Tangerang Selatan Banten Indonesia

The successful implementation of smart grids depends on energy efficiency, mostly relying on the operation of electricity source infrastructure. The combination of energy sources undoubtedly provides complexity in real applications. Some of the challenges for a smart grids comes from the intermittent renewable energy characteristics such as bioenergy, geothermal, hydropower, solar, ocean power, and wind energy to the base load energy such as natural gas, coal, and nuclear. This paper aims to review the implementation of current advances of smart grids from combined energy mix sources. The review includes major components of smart grids, i.e. power plants, monitoring systems, substations, power transmission and distribution, controllers and smart meters. The review also investigates the state of the art contribution of power electronics, artificial intelligence and Internet of Things to more significant optimization, safety and efficiency in these areas. The results are expected to provide a further gap analysis of applicable technologies and best practices in mixed electricity generation sources. The final result will also consider its application in an archipelago country such as Indonesia.

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Link and match between the industry and vocational education through the centre of excellence

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2489卷

作者： Yoto E. Sutadji Marsono Bella Cornelia Tjiptady A. P. Wibawa 1Mechanical Engineering Education Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Malang Indonesia 2Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Raden Rahmat Malang Indonesia 3Electrical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Malang Indonesia

Vocational education has a vital role in overall social development and contributes to the learners' quality improvement. Thus, learners' preparation in competencies and work professionalism through vocational education is critical. The current problem was the 8.49% unemployed vocational education graduates who showed their lack of ability to compete in the 21st century. The correct solution to realize the quality and industry-recognized vocational education was by improving vocational education into the centre of excellence to improve teachers and learning capacity. This research was a literature review. Generally, this paper presents the link and match concept, link and match key between vocational high school (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan/SMK) and the industry and centre of excellence. This paper aimed to explain the link and match model through the centre of excellence to improve vocational education quality.

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Study identification of landscape elements in the Bandung Ganesha garden environment

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2691卷

作者： Tita Cardiah Andiyan Syahban Rangkuti Eliyana Firmansyah Interior Design School of Creative Industries Telkom University Bandung West Java Indonesia 40257 Architecture Study Program Faculty of Science and Engineering Universitas Faletehan Bandung Jawa Barat Indonesia 40266 Electrical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Science and Engineering Universitas Faletehan Bandung Jawa Barat Indonesia 40266

The development of parks in the city of Bandung, especially the northern part, has related to the history of the town of Bandung during the Dutch colonial period. Ijzermanpark (1919) is a park with the best landscape design, with a neat and colorful flower garden design equipped with a fountain garden feature. It changed its name to Ganesha Park after Indonesian independence day. Ganesha Park has continued as a public park that is used for family recreation. The landscape elements in Ganesha Park are also equipped to support this park. This study aims to determine how completely it was developed and how it influenced its function as a public park. The research method using the descriptive qualitative method by identifying and analyzing the phenomena described in the details. From this research, it was found that some elements of the Ganesha Park landscape were preserved, some had been replaced, and some were completely new. These elements become a unitary landscape which is expected to increase the comfort of activities in Ganesha Park.

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Meaningful human control: actionable properties for AI system development

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Siebert, Luciano Cavalcante Lupetti, Maria Luce Aizenberg, Evgeni Beckers, Niek Zgonnikov, Arkady Veluwenkamp, Herman Abbink, David Giaccardi, Elisa Houben, Geert-Jan Jonker, Catholijn M. van den Hoven, Jeroen Forster, Deborah Lagendijk, Reginald L. AiTech Interdisciplinary Research Program on Meaningful Human Control Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands Faculty of Mechanical Maritime and Materials Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands Faculty of Technology Policy and Management Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands

How can humans remain in control of artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems designed to perform tasks autonomously? Such systems are increasingly ubiquitous, creating benefits - but also undesirable situations where moral responsibility for their actions cannot be properly attributed to any particular person or group. The concept of meaningful human control has been proposed to address responsibility gaps and mitigate them by establishing conditions that enable a proper attribution of responsibility for humans;however, clear requirements for researchers, designers, and engineers are yet inexistent, making the development of AI-based systems that remain under meaningful human control challenging. In this paper, we address the gap between philosophical theory and engineering practice by identifying, through an iterative process of abductive thinking, four actionable properties for AI-based systems under meaningful human control, which we discuss making use of two applications scenarios: automated vehicles and AI-based hiring. First, a system in which humans and AI algorithms interact should have an explicitly defined domain of morally loaded situations within which the system ought to operate. Second, humans and AI agents within the system should have appropriate and mutually compatible representations. Third, responsibility attributed to a human should be commensurate with that human’s ability and authority to control the system. Fourth, there should be explicit links between the actions of the AI agents and actions of humans who are aware of their moral responsibility. We argue that these four properties will support practically-minded professionals to take concrete steps toward designing and engineering for AI systems that facilitate meaningful human control. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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