The rapid rise in usage of mobile devices have not shown any signs of flattening or slowing down. Some efforts in the standardization bodies are underway to define new ways to boost data rate, network capacity and low...
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Stroke is the leading cause of disability worldwide, and nearly 80% of stroke survivors suffer from upper-limb hemiparesis. Myoelectric exoskeletons can restore dexterity and independence to stroke survivors with uppe...
Stroke is the leading cause of disability worldwide, and nearly 80% of stroke survivors suffer from upper-limb hemiparesis. Myoelectric exoskeletons can restore dexterity and independence to stroke survivors with upper-limb hemiparesis. However, the ability of patients to dexterously control myoelectric exoskeletons is limited by an incomplete understanding of the electromyographic (EMG) hallmarks of hemiparesis, such as muscle weakness and spasticity. Here we show that stroke survivors with upper-limb hemiparesis suffer from delayed voluntary muscle contraction and delayed muscle relaxation. We quantified the time constants of EMG activity associated with initiating and terminating voluntary hand grasps and extensions for both the paretic and non-paretic hands of stroke survivors. We found that the initiation and termination time constants were greater on the paretic side for both hand grasps and hand extensions. Notably, the initiation time constant during hand extension was approximately three times longer for the paretic hand than for the contralateral non-paretic hand (0.618 vs 0.189 s). We also show a positive correlation between the initiation and termination time constants and clinical scores on the Modified Ashworth Scale. The difficulty stroke survivors have in efficiently modulating their EMG presents a challenge for appropriate control of assistive myoelectric devices, such as exoskeletons. This work constitutes an important step towards understanding EMG differences after stroke and how to accommodate these EMG differences in assistive myoelectric devices. Real-time quantitative biofeedback of EMG time constants may also have broad implications for guiding rehabilitation and monitoring patient *** Relevance— After a stroke, muscle activity changes, and these changes make it difficult to use muscle activity to drive assistive and rehabilitative technologies. We identified slower muscle contraction and muscle relaxation as a key difference i
Water pollution is a grave problem requiring utmost attention as it directly affects marine *** freshwater ecosystem,for example,lakes and ponds,a major chunk of water garbage is plastic floating on the surface of wat...
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Water pollution is a grave problem requiring utmost attention as it directly affects marine *** freshwater ecosystem,for example,lakes and ponds,a major chunk of water garbage is plastic floating on the surface of water which is labor intensive to collect *** this paper,we present a novel autonomous robotic system capable of navigating small water bodies and is equipped with computer vision that helps it to detect the *** detection is followed by focusing on an area of interest to determine whether the garbage lies in the scope of robot for ***,if WiFi communication is available,the robot has the provision of tracking the detected garbage to determine its *** design of garbage collection unit of the robot ensures the garbage does not move outward once *** robot is tested in two different pools and with plastic bottles as main type of *** results manifest the high degree of control of its locomotion as well as of detection and collection of the *** deep neural network based detector onboard the robot can be retrained after self-collection of appropriate data to detect other types of garbage as well.
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a major health risk that increases with age. Natural brain aging results in cerebral atrophy and the enlargement of the ventricular regions. The objective of this study is to invest...
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Digital phenotyping (DP) is a multidisciplinary field of science that quantifies the individual level phenotype through active and passive data. Although DP is a multidisciplinary field, there lacks a technical and a ...
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Digital phenotyping (DP) is a multidisciplinary field of science that quantifies the individual level phenotype through active and passive data. Although DP is a multidisciplinary field, there lacks a technical and a systematic approach to representing DP. This work proposes the development of digital phenotype profile (DPP) to represent a user’s physical and behavioural health baseline through systematic investigations with an emphasis on robustness and explainability. To achieve this, a Statistical, Information Theory, and Data-driven (SID) pipeline will develop the foundation of the DPP. SID evaluates the non-linearity of the signal to offer inference for domain-specific feature extraction, evaluates the information theory to rank the DPP parameters, and imputes missing data for robust analysis, respectively. SID was applied to a 24-hr Multi-Level dataset and was able to represent individual DPPs. The respective DPPs were visualized and clusters of awake and asleep were used for individual specific modelling.
We present MAMMOS, an automated framework that generates the motions of multiple humans that naturally interact with each other in a given 3D scene. Many practical VR scenarios require creating dynamic human character...
We present MAMMOS, an automated framework that generates the motions of multiple humans that naturally interact with each other in a given 3D scene. Many practical VR scenarios require creating dynamic human characters in harmony with the surrounding environment and other people. However, it is hard for an artist to manually generate multiple character motions tailored to the given 3D scene structure, or gather sufficient data to train an automated system that jointly considers the entangled requirements. MAMMOS is a hierarchical framework that successfully handles spatio-temporal constraints and generates high-quality motions. Given a simple tuple of action labels of the desired motion sequence, MAMMOS first places anchors in time and location for characters that avoid collisions yet enable necessary interactions. Then we generate the timelines of individual collision-free paths within the scene and connect them to perform diverse and natural motions. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to generate long-horizon motion sequences of multiple humans with realistic interactions such that we can automatically populate the 3D scenes.
The carbon brushes and slip rings of a hydrogen-erator are the main components guiding the excitation current from the bridge to the rotor windings. The brushes' temperature are crucial to infer their operational ...
The carbon brushes and slip rings of a hydrogen-erator are the main components guiding the excitation current from the bridge to the rotor windings. The brushes' temperature are crucial to infer their operational condition and, the generator status. This work presents the temperature measurement of six Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) sensors installed in a 370 MVA electric generator brushes. The results show the sensors' capacity to monitor the brushes' temperature in accordance with the current flowing through them. Together with the sensors, an Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique was applied to the measured temperature to detect anomalous events regarding the current supplied to the rotor windings. The optical sensors combined with the AI could detect five events of abnormal current behaviour. One is presented in detail in this paper. This sensing system can be further applied to online fault detection using the temperature measured by the FBGs as a brush condition indicator and a generator operation and maintenance tool.
Successful detection of Out-of-Distribution (OoD) data is becoming increasingly important to ensure safe deployment of neural networks. One of the main challenges in OoD detection is that neural networks output overco...
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Normalizing flows have been successfully modeling a complex probability distribution as an invertible transformation of a simple base distribution. However, there are often applications that require more than invertib...
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Solar cell is becoming one of the vibrant power generations among all the renewable energy resources and demanding the most attention of researchers to achieve the goal of increasing stability and efficiencies. To rei...
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