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Crystalline Structure-Dependent Mechanical and Thermoelectric Performance in Ag_(2)Se_(1‐x)S_(x)System

Research 2020年第1期2020卷 1089-1098页

作者： Jiasheng Liang Pengfei Qiu Yuan Zhu Hui Huang Zhiqiang Gao Zhen Zhang Xun Shi Lidong Chen State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Division of Solid-State Electronics Department of Electrical EngineeringUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Self-powered wearable electronics require thermoelectric materials simultaneously with a high dimensionless figure of merit(zT)and good flexibility to convert the heat discharged by the human body into ***_(2)(S,Se)-based semiconducting materials can well satisfy these requirements,and thus,they are attracting great attention in thermoelectric society ***_(2)(S,Se)crystalizes in an orthorhombic structure or monoclinic structure,depending on the detailed S/Se atomic ratio,but the relationship between its crystalline structure and mechanical/thermoelectric performance is still unclear to *** this study,a series of Ag_(2)Se_(1-x)S_(x)(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,and 0.45)samples were prepared and their mechanical and thermoelectric performance dependence on the crystalline structure was systematically investigated.x=0:3 in the Ag_(2)Se_(1-x)S_(x)system was found to be the transition boundary between orthorhombic and monoclinic *** property measurement shows that the orthorhombic Ag_(2)Se_(1-x)S_(x)samples are brittle while the monoclinic Ag_(2)Se_(1-x)S_(x)samples are ductile and *** addition,the orthorhombic Ag_(2)Se_(1-x)S_(x)samples show better electrical transport performance and higher zT than the monoclinic samples under a comparable carrier concentration,most likely due to their weaker electron-phonon *** study sheds light on the further development of flexible inorganic TE materials.

关键词： ductile crystalline attracting

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Regulating surface potential maximizes voltage in all-perovskite tandems (vol 613, pg 676, 2022)

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NATURE 2023年第7973期620卷 E15-E15页

作者： Chen, Hao Maxwell, Aidan Li, Chongwen Teale, Sam Chen, Bin Zhu, Tong Ugur, Esma Harrison, George Grater, Luke Wang, Junke Wang, Zaiwei Zeng, Lewei Park, So Min Chen, Lei Serles, Peter Awni, Rasha Abbas Subedi, Biwas Zheng, Xiaopeng Xiao, Chuanxiao Podraza, Nikolas J. Filleter, Tobin Liu, Cheng Yang, Yi Luther, Joseph M. De Wolf, Stefaan Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. Yan, Yanfa Sargent, Edward H. The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization The University of Toledo Toledo OH USA Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL USA KAUST Solar Center Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden CO USA

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Dual-resonance nanostructures for colour down-conversion of colloidal quantum emitters

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Ha, Son Tung Lassalle, Emmanuel Liang, Xiao Do, Thi Thu Ha Foo, Ian Shendre, Sushant Durmusoglu, Emek Goksu Valuckas, Vytautas Adhikary, Sourav Paniagua-Dominguez, Ramon Demir, Hilmi Volkan Kuznetsov, Arseniy 2 Fusionopolis Way 138634 Singapore LUMINOUS Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays The Photonics Institute School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology The National Nanotechnology Research Center Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department of Physics Bilkent University Bilkent Ankara06800 Turkey

Linear colour conversion is a process where an emitter absorbs a photon and then emits another photon with either higher or lower energy, corresponding to up- or down conversion, respectively. In this regard, the presence of a volumetric cavity plays a crucial role in enhancing absorption and photoluminescence (PL), as it allows for large volumes of interaction between the exciting photons and the emissive materials, maximising the colour conversion efficiency. Here, we present a dual resonance nanostructure made of a titanium dioxide (TiO2) subwavelength grating to enhance the colour down-conversion efficiency of green light at ~530 nm emitted by gradient alloyed CdxZn1-xSeyS1-y colloidal quantum dots (QDs) when excited with a blue light at ~460 nm. A large mode volume can be created within the QD layer by the hybridisation of the grating resonances and waveguide modes. This allows increasing mode overlap between the resonances and the QDs, resulting in large absorption and tailored emission enhancements. Particularly, we achieved polarized light emission with maximum photoluminescence enhancement of ~140 times at a specific angular direction, and a total enhancement of ~34 times within 0.55 numerical aperture (NA) of the collecting objective. The enhancement encompasses absorption enhancement, Purcell enhancement and directionality enhancement (i.e., outcoupling). We achieved total absorption of 35% for green QDs with a remarkably thin colour conversion layer of ~ 400 nm (inclusive of the TiO2 layer). This work provides a guideline for designing large-volume cavities for practical application in absorption/fluorescence enhancement, such as down colour conversion in microLED displays, detectors or photovoltaics. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Near-Unity Emitting, Widely Tailorable and Stable Exciton Concentrators Built from Doubly Gradient 2D Semiconductor Nanoplatelets

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Liang, Xiao Durmusoglu, Emek G. Lunina, Maria Hernandez-Martinez, Pedro Ludwig Valuckas, Vytautas Yan, Fei Lekina, Yulia Sharma, Vijay Kumar Yin, Tingting Ha, Son Tung Shen, Ze Xiang Sun, Handong Kuznetsov, Arseniy Demir, Hilmi Volkan LUMINOUS Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays The Photonics Institute School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore 2 Fusionopolis Way #08-03 Innovis 138634 Singapore UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology The National Nanotechnology Research Center Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department of Physics Bilkent University Bilkent Ankara06800 Turkey

The strength of electrostatic interactions (EI) between electrons and holes within semiconductor nanocrystals profoundly impact the performance of their optoelectronic systems, and different optoelectronic devices demand distinct EI strength of the active medium. However, achieving a broad range, fine-tuning of the EI strength for specific optoelectronic applications is a daunting challenge, especially in quasi 2-dimensional core-shell semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs), as the epitaxial growth of the inorganic shell along the direction of the thickness that solely contributes to the quantum confined effect significantly undermines the strength of the EI. Herein we propose and demonstrate a novel doubly-gradient (DG) core-shell architecture of semiconductor NPLs for on-demand tailoring of the EI strength by controlling the localized exciton concentration via in-plane architectural modulation, demonstrated by a wide tuning of radiative recombination rate and exciton binding energy. Moreover, these exciton-concentration-engineered DG NPLs also exhibit a near-unity quantum yield, remarkable thermal and photo stability, as well as considerably suppressed self-absorption. As proof-of-concept demonstrations, highly efficient color converters and high-performance light-emitting diodes (external quantum efficiency: 16.9%, maximum luminance: 43, 000 cd/m2) have been achieved based on the DG NPLs. This work thus opens up new avenues for developing high-performance colloidal optoelectronic device applications. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum yield

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Efficient up-conversion photoluminescence in all-inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals

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Nano Research 2020年第7期13卷 1962-1969页

作者： Andres Granados del Aguila TThu Ha Do Jun Xing Wen Jie Jee Jacob B.Khurgin Qihua Xiong Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore Key Laboratory of Eco-Chemical Engineering Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Up-conversion photoluminescence(UCPL)refers to the elementary process where low-energy photons are converted into high-energy ones via consecutive interactions inside a *** additional energy is provided by intermnal thermal energy in the form of lttice vibrations(phonons),the process is called phonon-assisted ***,we report the exceptionally large phonon-assisted energy gain of up to^8kgT(kg is Boltzmann constant,T is temperature)on all-inorganic lead halide perovskite semiconductor colloidal nanocrystals that goes beyond the maximum capabilty of only harvesting optical phonon *** systematic optical study in combination with a statistical probability model,we explained the nontrivial phonon-assisted UCPL process in perovskites nanocrystals,where in addition to the strong electron-phonon(light-matter)coupling,other nonlinear processes such as phonon-phonon(matter-matter)interaction also effectively boost the up-conversion efficiency.

关键词： up-conversion photoluminescence phonons lead halide perovskite colloidal nanocrystals

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Pilot-reference-free continuous-variable quantum key distribution with efficient decoy-state analysis

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Jin, Anran Zhang, Xingjian Jiang, Liang Penty, Richard V. Zeng, Pei Electrical Engineering Division Department of Engineering University of Cambridge CAPE Building 9 JJ Thomson Avenue CambridgeCB3 0FA United Kingdom Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences the Microscale School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai201315 China Center for Quantum Information Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago IL60637 United States

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV QKD) using optical coherent detectors is practically favorable due to its low implementation cost, flexibility of wavelength division multiplexing, and compatibility with standard coherent communication technologies. However, the security analysis and parameter estimation of CV QKD are complicated due to the infinite-dimensional latent Hilbert space. Also, the transmission of strong reference pulses undermines the security and complicates the experiments. In this work, we tackle these two problems by presenting a time-bin-encoding CV protocol with a simple phase-error-based security analysis valid under general coherent attacks. With the key encoded into the relative intensity between two optical modes, the need for global references is removed. Furthermore, phase randomization can be introduced to decouple the security analysis of different photon-number components. We can hence tag the photon number for each round, effectively estimate the associated privacy using a carefully designed coherent-detection method, and independently extract encryption keys from each component. Simulations manifest that the protocol using multi-photon components increases the key rate by two orders of magnitude compared to the one using only the single-photon component. Meanwhile, the protocol with four-intensity decoy analysis is sufficient to yield tight parameter estimation with a short-distance key-rate performance comparable to the best Bennett-Brassard-1984 implementation. © 2023, CC0.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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Front Cover: Microkinetic Modeling to Decode Catalytic Reactions and Empower Catalytic Design (ChemCatChem 13/2024)

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ChemCatChem 2024年第13期16卷

作者： Shekhar R. Kulkarni Gontzal Lezcano Vijay Kumar Velisoju Natalia Realpe Pedro Castaño Multiscale Reaction Engineering KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

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Bayesian Parameter Inference for Partially Observed Diffusions using Multilevel Stochastic Runge-Kutta Methods

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Moral, Pierre Del Hu, Shulan Jasra, Ajay Ruzayqat, Hamza Wang, Xinyu Institut de Mathematiques de Bordeaux FR Bordeaux33405 France School of Mathematics and Statistics Wenlan School of Business China Applied Mathematics and Computational Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Zhongnan University of Economics and Law CN China

We consider the problem of Bayesian estimation of static parameters associated to a partially and discretely observed diffusion process. We assume that the exact transition dynamics of the diffusion process are unavailable, even up-to an unbiased estimator and that one must time-discretize the diffusion process. In such scenarios it has been shown how one can introduce the multilevel Monte Carlo method to reduce the cost to compute posterior expected values of the parameters for a pre-specified mean square error (MSE);see [12]. These afore-mentioned methods rely on upon the Euler-Maruyama discretization scheme which is well-known in numerical analysis to have slow convergence properties. We adapt stochastic Runge-Kutta (SRK) methods for Bayesian parameter estimation of static parameters for diffusions. This can be implemented in high-dimensions of the diffusion and seemingly under-appreciated in the uncertainty quantification and statistics fields. For a class of diffusions and SRK methods, we consider the estimation of the posterior expectation of the parameters. We prove that to achieve a MSE of O(ϵ2), for ϵ > 0 given, the associated work is O(ϵ−2). Whilst the latter is achievable for the Milstein scheme, this method is often not applicable for diffusions in dimension larger than two. We also illustrate our methodology in several numerical examples. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Diffusion

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Hardware implementation of memristor-based artificial neural networks

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Nature Communications 2024年第1期15卷 1974页

作者： Aguirre, Fernando Sebastian, Abu Le Gallo, Manuel Song, Wenhao Wang, Tong Yang, J. Joshua Lu, Wei Chang, Meng-Fan Ielmini, Daniele Yang, Yuchao Mehonic, Adnan Kenyon, Anthony Villena, Marco A. Roldán, Juan B. Wu, Yuting Hsu, Hung-Hsi Raghavan, Nagarajan Suñé, Jordi Miranda, Enrique Eltawil, Ahmed Setti, Gianluca Smagulova, Kamilya Salama, Khaled N. Krestinskaya, Olga Yan, Xiaobing Ang, Kah-Wee Jain, Samarth Li, Sifan Alharbi, Osamah Pazos, Sebastian Lanza, Mario Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) Barcelona 08193 Spain IBM Research – Zurich Rüschlikon Switzerland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California (USC) Los Angeles 90089 CA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor 48109 MI United States Department of Electrical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano and IUNET Piazza L. da Vinci 32 Milano 20133 Italy School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Shenzhen China Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College London (UCL) Torrington Place WC1E 7JE London United Kingdom Departamento de Electrónica y Tecnología de Computadores Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Avenida Fuentenueva s/n Granada 18071 Spain Engineering Product Development (EPD) Pillar Singapore University of Technology & amp Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Key Laboratory of Brain-Like Neuromorphic Devices and Systems of Hebei Province Hebei University Baoding 071002 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore (NUS) Singapore Singapore

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is currently experiencing a bloom driven by deep learning (DL) techniques, which rely on networks of connected simple computing units operating in parallel. The low communication bandwidth between memory and processing units in conventional von Neumann machines does not support the requirements of emerging applications that rely extensively on large sets of data. More recent computing paradigms, such as high parallelization and near-memory computing, help alleviate the data communication bottleneck to some extent, but paradigm- shifting concepts are required. Memristors, a novel beyond-complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, are a promising choice for memory devices due to their unique intrinsic device-level properties, enabling both storing and computing with a small, massively-parallel footprint at low power. Theoretically, this directly translates to a major boost in energy efficiency and computational throughput, but various practical challenges remain. In this work we review the latest efforts for achieving hardware-based memristive artificial neural networks (ANNs), describing with detail the working principia of each block and the different design alternatives with their own advantages and disadvantages, as well as the tools required for accurate estimation of performance metrics. Ultimately, we aim to provide a comprehensive protocol of the materials and methods involved in memristive neural networks to those aiming to start working in this field and the experts looking for a holistic approach. © The Author(s) 2024.

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Accelerating adoption of species-agnostic plant sensors for precision farming

Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering

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Nature Reviews electrical engineering 2025年 58-70页

作者： Abdullah Bukhamsin Khaled Nabil Salama Jürgen Kosel Ikram Blilou Bioengineering Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence — Sustainable Food Security (SFS) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Sensor Systems Division Silicon Austria Labs Villach Austria Plant Science Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Precision farming is an optimized management farming scheme that seeks to link the real-time needs of crops with the nutrients to be administered. Sensing platforms that can monitor the physiological status of crops in situ are key to enabling timely and localized interventions. However, the underdevelopment of plant sensing strategies limits the potential of precision farming. In this Review, we discuss the challenges and advancements in phyto-monitoring, focusing on strategies that are applicable to a wide range of plant species and suitable for field deployment. We explore species-agnostic sensors, including optical and electrochemical sensors, whose operation is based on principles that are widely applicable to all plant species. These platforms enable real-time monitoring of the physiological state of crops by assessing key biomarkers, such as plant hormones, and metabolites such as salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species. Evaluating these systems, we conclude that an integrative sensing approach is necessary to compensate for the limitations of the individual methods and can provide a holistic view of crop health. Cost-effective species-agnostic sensors are thus needed to provide information that can be used to minimize the resource footprint of farming and meet the growing global demand.

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