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Correction: Unbiased and multilevel methods for a class of diffusions partially observed via marked point processes

Statistics and Computing 2024年第6期34卷 1-1页

作者： Alvarez, Miguel Jasra, Ajay Ruzayqat, Hamza Applied Mathematics and Computational Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia School of Data Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China

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Multiple material decomposition with a combined X-ray spectral and phase imaging system

Multiple material decomposition with a combined X-ray spectr...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear science (NSS/MIC)

作者： F. Arfelli L. Brombal P. Perion F. Brun S. Donato L. Sbuelz P. Delogu P. Oliva R.H. Menk Department of Physics University of Trieste Trieste Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Section of Trieste Trieste Italy Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Trieste Italy Department of Physics University of Calabria Cosenza Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Section of Frascati Roma Italy CNR IOM Trieste Italy Department of Physical Science Earth and Environment University of Siena Siena Italy Division of Pisa Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa Italy Department of Chemical Physical Mathematical and Natural Sciences University of Sassari Sassari Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Section of Cagliari Cagliari Italy Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste Trieste Italy Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering Mid Sweden University Sundsvall Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9798350388152

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388169

The combined approach of X-ray spectral and phase contrast imaging brings complementary advantages for comprehensive imaging and analysis of complex samples thanks to the simultaneous visualization of structural features and elemental composition for quantitative multimodal characterization of materials with diverse compositions and properties. This integration offers a dual advantage; it enhances the visibility of soft tissues while effectively isolating high-Z materials, thus augmenting the capabilities of X-ray imaging system. Its potential impact is notable for instance in medical imaging, materials science, and cultural heritage. We have developed a novel X-ray imaging system that yields spectral information and retrieves the phase simultaneously in a single acquisition procedure. The spectral information is obtained utilizing a bent Si Laue crystal, which energetically disperses a polychromatic synchrotron X-ray beam focused into narrow line where the sample is placed. The system can be tuned such that multiple absorption edges can be captured simultaneously in the vertical direction of a 2-D detector allowing multi-material decomposition at the mg/ml level or recording spatially resolved X-ray absorption fine structures in a single shot. On the other hand X-ray phase contrast is capable of enhancing soft tissue visibility since it is based on material refractive properties rather than attenuation. Here it is achieved through the beam tracking technique exploiting beamlets generated by an absorption mask upstream the crystal, providing absorption, refraction, and dark field images. Moreover introducing the phase image into the material decomposition algorithm allows retrieving an additional material while keeping high phase contrast sensitivity in low density samples. Here we will present our combined X-ray spectral and phase system showing preliminary imaging results on dedicated phantoms and biological samples that highlight the potential of the method.

关键词： Visualization Sensitivity Absorption Biological tissues Synchrotrons Crystals Silicon

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Dose Requirements for Fused Multi-Modal Electron Tomography

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Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada 2023年第1期29卷 1968-1969页

作者： Manassa, Jason Schwartz, Jonathan Jiang, Yi Zheng, Huihuo Fessler, Jeffrey A. Wendy Di, Zichao Hovden, Robert Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Advanced Photon Source Facility Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Argonne Leadership Computing Facility Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States

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Parameter-free differential evolution algorithm for the analytic continuation of imaginary time correlation functions

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physical Review E 2022年第2期106卷 025312-025312页

作者： Nathan S. Nichols Paul Sokol Adrian Del Maestro Data Science and Learning Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA Department of Physics University of Vermont Burlington Vermont 05405 USA Materials Science Program University of Vermont Burlington Vermont 05404 USA Department of Physics Indiana University Bloomington Indiana 47408 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA

We report on differential evolution for analytic continuation: a parameter-free evolutionary algorithm to generate the dynamic structure factor from imaginary time correlation functions. Our approach to this long-standing problem in quantum many-body physics achieves enhanced spectral fidelity while using fewer compute (CPU) hours. The need for fine-tuning of algorithmic control parameters is eliminated by embedding them within the genome to be optimized for this evolutionary computation-based algorithm. Benchmarks are presented for models where the dynamic structure factor is known exactly and experimentally relevant results are included for quantum Monte Carlo simulations of bulk He4 below the superfluid transition temperature.

关键词： Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics Helium-4 superfluids Genetic algorithm Neutron scattering Numerical techniques Path-integral Monte Carlo Quantum Monte Carlo

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An electrically Small Antenna in Package Design with Embedded Electronics for RPW Detection

An Electrically Small Antenna in Package Design with Embedde...

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Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium

作者： Haoran Zhang Atif Shamim Electrical Engineering Program CEMSE Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9781728166704

ISBN: (纸本)9781728166711

The tracking and detection of Red Palm Weevils (RPWs) are highly desirable for efficient pest control. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) tracking system is a good option for real-time monitoring, however, for mounting the system on the insect, it must be miniaturized, particularly the antenna part. In this paper, we propose an electrically small inverted F antenna which is realized on the BLE system package, qualifying it as an antenna in package (AiP) design. The antenna has been designed with the embedded electronics and has a highly compact size of 0.05λ × 0.05λ × 0.025λ. It is very well matched at 2.48 GHz with 17 MHz bandwidth. It demonstrates a maximum detection range of 300 meters.

关键词： Meters Wires Meetings Bandwidth Pest control Real-time systems Antennas

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The effect of surface oxidation and crystal thickness on magnetic properties and magnetic domain structures of Cr2Ge2Te6

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Thomsen, Joachim Dahl Han, Myung-Geun Penn, Aubrey Foucher, Alexandre C. Geiwitz, Michael Burch, Kenneth S. Dekanovsky, Lukas Sofer, Zdenek Liu, Yu Petrovic, Cedomir Ross, Frances M. Zhu, Yimei Narang, Prineha Division of Physical Sciences College of Letters and Science University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States MIT.nano Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Physics Boston College Chestnut HillMA02467 United States Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technická 5 Prague 6166 28 Czech Republic Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States

Van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials such as Cr2Ge2Te6 (CGT) show promise for novel memory and logic applications. This is due to their broadly tunable magnetic properties and the presence of topological magnetic features such as skyrmionic bubbles. A systematic study of thickness and oxidation effects on magnetic domain structures is important for designing devices and vdW heterostructures for practical applications. Here, we investigate thickness effects on magnetic properties, magnetic domains, and bubbles in oxidation-controlled CGT crystals. We find that CGT exposed to ambient conditions for 5 days forms an oxide layer approximately 5 nm thick. This oxidation leads to a significant increase in the oxidation state of the Cr ions, indicating a change in local magnetic properties. This is supported by real space magnetic texture imaging through Lorentz transmission electron microscopy. By comparing the thickness dependent saturation field of oxidized and pristine crystals, we find that oxidation leads to a non-magnetic surface layer which is thicker than the oxide layer alone. We also find that the stripe domain width and skyrmionic bubble size are strongly affected by the crystal thickness in pristine crystals. These findings underscore the impact of thickness and surface oxidation on the properties of CGT such as saturation field and domain/skyrmionic bubble size and suggest a pathway for manipulating magnetic properties through a controlled oxidation process. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetic properties

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Emergent dimer-model topological order and quasi-particle excitations in liquid crystals: combinatorial vortex lattices

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Meng, Cuiling Wu, Jin-Sheng Kos, Žiga Dunkel, Jörn Nisoli, Cristiano Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashihiroshima Japan Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Department of Condensed Matter Physics Jožef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia Theoretical Division Physics of Condensed Matter and Complex Systems Center For Nonlinear Studies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Liquid crystals have proven to provide a versatile experimental and theoretical platform for studying topological objects such as vortices, skyrmions, and hopfions. In parallel, in hard condensed matter physics, the concept of topological phases and topological order has been introduced in the context of spin liquids to investigate emergent phenomena like quantum Hall effects and high-temperature superconductivity. Here, we bridge these two seemingly disparate perspectives on topology in physics. Combining experiments and simulations, we show how topological defects in liquid crystals can be used as versatile building blocks to create complex, highly degenerate topological phases, which we refer to as ‘Combinatorial Vortex Lattices’ (CVLs). CVLs exhibit extensive residual entropy and support locally stable quasi-particle excitations in the form of charge-conserving topological monopoles, which can act as mobile information carriers and be linked via Dirac strings. CLVs can be rewritten and reconfigured on demand, endowed with various symmetries, and modified through laser-induced topological surgery — an essential capability for information storage and retrieval. We demonstrate experimentally the realization, stability, and precise optical manipulation of CVLs, thus opening new avenues for understanding and technologically exploiting higher-hierarchy topology in liquid crystals and other ordered media. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laser surgery

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Performing optical logic operations by a diffractive neural network

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Light(science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1448-1454页

作者： Chao Qian Xiao Lin Xiaobin Lin Jian Xu Yang Sun Erping Li Baile Zhang Hongsheng Chen Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical InstrumentationCollege of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang University310027 HangzhouChina ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center Key Lab.of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices&Smart Systems of ZhejiangZhejiang University310027 HangzhouChina Department of Electrical Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA ZJU-UIUC Institute Zhejiang University310027 HangzhouChina Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore

Optical logic operations lie at the heart of optical computing,and they enable many applications such as ultrahighspeed information ***,the reported optical logic gates rely heavily on the precise control of input light signals,including their phase difference,polarization,and intensity and the size of the incident *** to the complexity and difficulty in these precise controls,the two output optical logic states may suffer from an inherent instability and a low contrast ratio of ***,the miniaturization of optical logic gates becomes difficult if the extra bulky apparatus for these controls is *** such,it is desirable to get rid of these complicated controls and to achieve full logic functionality in a compact photonic *** a goal remains ***,we introduce a simple yet universal design strategy,capable of using plane waves as the incident signal,to perform optical logic operations via a diffractive neural ***,the incident plane wave is first spatially encoded by a specific logic operation at the input layer and further decoded through the hidden layers,namely,a compound Huygens’*** is,the judiciously designed metasurface scatters the encoded light into one of two small designated areas at the output layer,which provides the information of output logic ***,after training of the diffractive neural network,all seven basic types of optical logic operations can be realized by the same *** a conceptual illustration,three logic operations(NOT,OR,and AND)are experimentally demonstrated at microwave frequencies.

关键词： surface operations precise

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Deep-Strong Coupling between Cavity Photons and Terahertz TO Phonons in PbTe

Deep-Strong Coupling between Cavity Photons and Terahertz TO...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Baydin, Andrey Manjappa, Manukumara Mishra, Sobhan Subhra Xu, Hongjing Tay, Fuyang Kim, Dasom Hernandez, Felix G.G. Rappl, Paulo H.O. Abramof, Eduardo Singh, Ranjan Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Instrumentation and Applied Physics Department Indian Institute of Science Bangalore560012 India Center for Disruptive Photonic Technologies The Photonics Institute Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Instituto de Física Universidade de Sao Paulo SP Sao Paulo05508-090 Brazil Laboratorio Associado de Sensores e Materiais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais SP Sao Jose dos Campos12201-970 Brazil Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

We have investigated the resonant coupling of photons with TO phonons in lead telluride in small-mode-volume terahertz cavities, observing a giant vacuum Rabi splitting on the order of the bare cavity-phonon frequency... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Photons

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Negative photo conductivity triggered with visible light in wide bandgap oxide-based optoelectronic crossbar memristive array for photograph sensing and neuromorphic computing applications

npj Unconventional Computing

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npj Unconventional Computing 2024年第1期1卷 1-9页

作者： Dayanand Kumar Hanrui Li Manoj Kumar Rajbhar Abdul Momin Syed Nazek El-Atab Amit Singh Hoonkyung Lee Smart Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Manchester Manchester UK Department of Physics Konkuk University Seoul Republic of Korea

Photoresponsivity studies of wide-bandgap oxide-based devices have emerged as a vibrant and popular research area. Researchers have explored various material systems in their quest to develop devices capable of responding to illumination. In this study, we engineered a mature wide-bandgap oxide-based bilayer heterostructure synaptic memristor to emulate the human brain for applications in neuromorphic computing and photograph sensing. The device exhibits advanced electric and electrophotonic synaptic functions, such as long-term potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD), and paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), by applying successive electric and photonic pulses. Moreover, the device exhibits exceptional electrical SET and photonic RESET endurance, maintaining its stability for a minimum of 1200 cycles without any degradation. Density functional theory calculations of the band structures provide insights into the conduction mechanism of the device. Based on this memristor array, we developed an autoencoder and convolutional neural network for noise reduction and image recognition tasks, which achieves a peak signal-to-noise ratio of 562 and high accuracy of 84.23%, while consuming lower energy by four orders of magnitude compared with the Tesla P40 GPU. This groundbreaking research not only opens doors for the integration of our device into image processing but also represents a significant advancement in the realm of in-memory computing and photograph-sensing features in a single cell.

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