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Surface susceptibility and conductivity of MoS2 and WSe2 monolayers: A first-principles and ellipsometry characterization

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physical Review B 2020年第4期101卷 045414-045414页

作者： Joshua D. Elliott Zhemi Xu Paolo Umari Gaurav Jayaswal Mingguang Chen Xixiang Zhang Alessandro Martucci Margherita Marsili Michele Merano Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Galileo Galilei” Univeristà degli Studi di Padova via Marzolo 8 I-35131 Padova Italy CNR-IOM DEMOCRITOS Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche–Istituto Officina dei Materiali c/o SISSA Via Bonomea 265 34136 Trieste Italy King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Physical Science and Engineering Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Università degli studi di Padova via Marzolo 9 35131 Padova Italy Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés École Polytechnique CNRS F-91128 Palaiseau France

We employ a recent formulation for the optical properties of two-dimensional crystals from first principles [L. Matthes et al., New J. Phys. 16, 105007 (2014); L. Matthes et al., Phys. Rev. B 94, 205408 (2016)] to compute the surface susceptibility and surface conductivity of MoS2 and WSe2 monolayers [G. Jayaswal et al., Opt. Lett. 43, 703 (2018)]. As electron-hole interactions are known to be crucial for the description of the absorption spectrum of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, the excitonic dielectric function is computed at the Bethe-Salpeter equation level, including spin-orbit interactions. For both of these examples, excellent agreement with experimental ellipsometry measurements is obtained. Driven by the emergence of additional features in our theoretical results, we applied a second-derivative analysis in order to identify excited exciton peaks in the ellipsometric spectra.

关键词： Excitons 2-dimensional systems Transition metal dichalcogenides Bethe-Salpeter equation Ellipsometry

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Author Correction: Reconciliation of energy use disparities in brick production in India

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Nature Sustainability 2023年 1715页

作者： Kushal Tibrewal Chandra Venkataraman Harish Phuleria Anurag Gupta Pradnya Lokhande Veena Joshi Sameer Maithel Anand Damle Shahadev Rabha Binoy K. Saikia Sayantee Roy Gazala Habib Shubham Rathi Anubha Goel Sakshi Ahlawat Tuhin Kumar Mandal M. Azharuddin Hashmi Asif Qureshi Abisheg Dhandapani Jawed Iqbal Sandeep Devaliya Ramya Sunder Raman Yang Lian Govindan Pandithurai Sudheer Kumar Kuppili M. Shiva Nagendra Sauryadeep Mukherjee Abhijit Chatterjee Tanveer Ahmad Najar Arshid Jehangir Jitender Singh Baerbel Sinha Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India Pune Maharashtra India Greentech Knowledge Solutions Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi India De Boer Damle (India) Pvt. Ltd. Pune Maharashtra India Coal and Energy Division CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat India Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi India Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India Center on Global Change Environmental Sciences and Biomedical Metrology Division CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New Delhi India Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Hyderabad India Civil and Environmental Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Ranchi India Earth and Environmental Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal India Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pune Pune India Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai India Department of Environmental Sciences Bose Institute Kolkata India Department of Environmental Science University of Kashmir Srinagar Jammu and Kashmir India Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Punjab India

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EMPRESS. XII. Statistics on the Dynamics and Gas Mass Fraction of Extremely-Metal Poor Galaxies

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Xu, Yi Ouchi, Masami Isobe, Yuki Nakajima, Kimihiko Ozaki, Shinobu Bouché, Nicolas F. Wise, John H. Emsellem, Eric Kusakabe, Haruka Hattori, Takashi Nagao, Tohru Chiaki, Gen Fukushima, Hajime Harikane, Yuichi Hayashi, Kohei Hirai, Yutaka Kim, Ji Hoon Maseda, Michael V. Nagamine, Kentaro Shibuya, Takatoshi Sugahara, Yuma Yajima, Hidenobu Aoyama, Shohei Fujimoto, Seiji Fukushima, Keita Hatano, Shun Inoue, Akio K. Ishigaki, Tsuyoshi Kawasaki, Masahiro Kojima, Takashi Komiyama, Yutaka Koyama, Shuhei Koyama, Yusei Lee, Chien-Hsiu Matsumoto, Akinori Mawatari, Ken Moriya, Takashi J. Motohara, Kentaro Murai, Kai Nishigaki, Moka Onodera, Masato Ono, Yoshiaki Rauch, Michael Saito, Tomoki Sasaki, Rin Suzuki, Akihiro Takeuchi, Tsutomu T. Umeda, Hiroya Umemura, Masayuki Watanabe, Kuria Yabe, Kiyoto Zhang, Yechi Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Univ Lyon Univ Lyon1 ENS de Lyon CNRS Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574 Saint-Genis-LavalF-69230 France Center for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States European Southern Observatory Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2 Garching85748 Germany Observatoire de Genéve Université de Genéve 51 Ch. des Maillettes Versoix1290 Switzerland 650 North A’ohoku Place HiloHI96720 United States Research Center for Space and Cosmic Evolution Ehime University Bunkyo-cho 2-5 Ehime Matsuyama790-8577 Japan Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba Ten-nodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki305-8577 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom National Institute of Technology Ichinoseki College Hagisho Ichinoseki021-8511 Japan Astronomical Institute Tohoku University 6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Miyagi Sendai980-8578 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Notre Dame 225 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre DameIN46556 United States Astronomy Program Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of SNU Astronomy Research Center Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Astronomy University of Wisconsin-Madison 475 N. Charter Street MadisonWI53706 United States Theoretical Astrophysics Department of Earth & Space S

We present demography of the dynamics and gas-mass fraction of 33 extremely metal-poor galaxies (EMPGs) with metallicities of 0.015 − 0.195 Zo and low stellar masses of 104 − 108 Mo in the local universe. We conduct deep optical integral-field spectroscopy (IFS) for the low-mass EMPGs with the medium high resolution (R = 7500) grism of the 8m-Subaru FOCAS IFU instrument by the EMPRESS 3D survey, and investigate Hα emission of the EMPGs. Exploiting the resolution high enough for the low-mass galaxies, we derive gas dynamics with the Hα lines by the fitting of 3-dimensional disk models. We obtain an average maximum rotation velocity (vrot) of 15 ± 3 km s−1 and an average intrinsic velocity dispersion (σ0) of 27 ± 10 km s−1 for 15 spatially resolved EMPGs out of the 33 EMPGs, and find that all of the 15 EMPGs have vrot/σ0 rot/σ0 with the decreasing stellar mass and metallicity. We derive the gas mass fraction (fgas) for all of the 33 EMPGs, and find no clear dependence on stellar mass and metallicity. These vrot/σ0 and fgas trends should be compared with young high-z galaxies observed by the forthcoming JWST IFS programs to understand the physical origins of the EMPGs in the local universe. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies

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Toward Quantification and Visualization of Active Stress Waves for Myocardial Biomechanical Function Assessment

Toward Quantification and Visualization of Active Stress Wav...

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2019 Computing in Cardiology, CinC 2019

作者： Otani, Niels F. Linte, Cristian A. Dang, Dylan Beam, Christopher Mohammadi, Fariba Wentz, Brian Kamrul Hasan, S.M. Shontz, Suzanne M. Schwarz, Karl Q. Thomas, Sabu Rochester Institute of Technology School of Mathematical Sciences RochesterNY United States Mechanical Engineering University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States Bioengineering Graduate Program University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States Center for Imaging Science Rochester Institute of Technology RochesterNY United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States Division of Cardiology University of Rochester Medical Center RochesterNY United States RochesterNY14467 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781728169361

Estimating and visualizing myocardial active stress wave patterns is crucial to understanding the mechanical activity of the heart and provides a potential non-invasive method to assess myocardial function. These patterns can be reconstructed by analyzing 2D and/or 3D tissue displacement data acquired using medical imaging. Here we describe an application that utilizes a 3D finite element formulation to reconstruct active stress from displacement data. As a proof of concept, a simple cubic mesh was used to represent a myocardial tissue "sample" consisting of a 10 x 10 x 10 lattice of nodes featuring different fiber directions that rotate with depth, mimicking cardiac transverse isotropy. In the forward model, tissue deformation was generated using a test wave with active stresses that mimic the myocardial contractile forces. The generated deformation field was used as input to an inverse model designed to reconstruct the original active stress distribution. We numerically simulated malfunctioning tissue regions (experiencing limited contractility and hence active stress) within the healthy tissue. We also assessed model sensitivity by adding noise to the deformation field generated using the forward model. The difference image between the original and reconstructed active stress distribution suggests that the model accurately estimates active stress from tissue deformation data with a high signal-to-noise ratio. © 2019 Creative Commons.

关键词： Medical imaging

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All-dielectric terahertz half-wave plate with antireflection layer

All-dielectric terahertz half-wave plate with antireflection...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Pacific Rim, CLEOPR 2018

作者： Zi, Jianchen Xu, Quan Wang, Qiu Tian, Chunxiu Li, Yanfeng Zhang, Xixiang Han, Jiaguang Zhang, Weili Tianjin300072 China Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University StillwaterOK74078 United States

We present an all-dielectric terahertz half-wave plate with an antireflection layer. The device is made of pure silicon, and can realize cross polarization conversion with almost 100% conversion rate and 90% of transm... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580453

关键词： Light polarization

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Student Space Missions – Facilitating Pathways to Success for Next Generation Professionals in Space

Student Space Missions – Facilitating Pathways to Success f...

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IAF Space Education and Outreach Symposium 2021 at the 72nd International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2021

作者： Bering, Edgar A. Khan, Shuhab Moges, Mequanint Hampton, Donald Mölders, Nicole Thorsen, Denise Dunbar, Bonnie J. Lefer, Barry L. Gamblin, Rachel B. Greer, Michael Greer, Presley Gunawan, Bryan Hernandez, Elizabeth Lehnen, Jamie Nguyencuu, Andy Piña, Megan Porat, Itay Prince, John R. Pessoa, Ana Gabriela Simmons, James Tovar, Chloe Ulinski, Alexandra Departments of Physics and Electrical Engineering University of Houston 3507 Cullen Blvd. #617 HoustonTX77204-5005 United States Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Houston 3507 Cullen Blvd. #312 HoustonTX77204-5007 United States Department of Engineering Technology 4730 Calhoun Road #304 HoustonTX77204-4020 United States Geophysical Institute University of Alaska Fairbanks 2156 Koyukuk Drive FairbanksAK99775 United States Department of Aerospace Engineering Texas A&M University 701 H.R. Bright Bldg. #609B College StationTX77843-3141 United States Tropospheric Composition Program Earth Sciences Division NASA Headquarters 300 E St SW WashingtonDC20024 United States NASA Johnson Space Center Cimarron Software Services Inc. 2101 NASA Parkway HoustonTX77058 United States Alumni University of Houston 3507 Cullen Blvd. HoustonTX77204 United States UT Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd DallasTX75390 United States Department of Computer Science University of Houston 3551 Cullen Blvd. #501 HoustonTX77204-3010 United States University of Pennsylvania School of Design 210 S. 34th St. PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713843177

The Undergraduate Student Instrumentation Project (USIP) was a NASA program created to engage undergraduate students in rigorous scientific research for the purposes of innovation and developing the next generation of professionals in space research. It is now run by the University of Houston using local resources. This student-led project, based on the 5E instructional model, is executed by the students from initial ideation of research objectives to the design, testing, and deployment of scientific payloads. The 5E Instructional model places the student at the center of knowledge building, while instructors facilitate interaction with content and guide the inquiry process. Since 2013, this project has been not only an effective vehicle for delivering STEM education but is also effective in increasing classroom engagement and interest in space. Space research is inherently interdisciplinary and crosscuts Geoscience, engineering, and Technology. The project is designed to integrate engineering, technology, physics, material science, and earth and atmospheric sciences as an important opportunity for the students to gain access to cross-disciplinary experiential research. In addition to classroom engagement, the students build their own payloads and ground instruments. This project increases students’ command of essential skills such as teamwork, collaboration, problem solving, technology, communication, innovation, and leadership. For the faculty, the project was an extended exercise in professional development, learning how to implement project level inquiry-based education on this scale. For the students, this formative experience continues to encourage the development of a much broader range of technical skills than is typically offered within an undergraduate degree. Furthermore, the extensive time and energy that students commit to this project promotes a strong sense of personal and professional responsibility and emphasizes the necessity of coherent teamwork.

关键词： Students

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Complete mitochondrial genome of Spanish flag snapper,Lutjanus carponotatus(Perciformes: Lutjanidae)

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Mitochondrial DNA Part B 2019年第1期4卷 568-569页

作者： Gyungryul Kim Ji-Hyun Lee Md. Jobaidul Alam Soo Rin Lee Sapto Andriyono Fisheries Resource Research Division National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS) Busan Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan Republic of KoreaDepartment of Marine Fisheries and Marine Faculty Universitas Airlangga Surabaya East Java Indonesia

The comple mitogenome of Spanish flag snapper,Lutjanus carponotatuswas determined by next generation sequencing (NGS) technique. The mitogenome ofL. carponotatus(16,514bp) habors 37 genes (22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, 13 polypeptides) and two non-coding regions, the origin of light strand replication (OL) and the putative control region (D-Loop). Among the 37 genes inL. carponotatusmitogenome, 28 were encoded on the H-strand, whereas only 9 were on the L-strand. Phylogenetic relationship showed that the full mitochondrial genome sequencesL. carponotatuswas most closely related toLutjanus russelliiwith 93% sequence identity clustering withLutjanus fulviflamma(92%) andLutjanus vitta(91%).

关键词： Next generation sequencing Lutjanus carponotatus mitogenome Spanish flag snapper

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Isolated Electron Trap-Induced Charge Accumulation for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第25期135卷

作者： Prof. Dr. Wenhuan Huang Chenyang Su Dr. Chen Zhu Dr. Tingting Bo Dr. Shouwei Zuo Prof. Wei Zhou Yuanfu Ren Prof. Yanan Zhang Prof. Jing Zhang Prof. Magnus Rueping Prof. Huabin Zhang Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710021 P. R. China KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Department of Applied Physics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology Faculty of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting) Chemistry Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China Contribution: Conceptualization (equal)

The solar-driven evolution of hydrogen from water using particulate photocatalysts is considered one of the most economical and promising protocols for achieving a stable supply of renewable energy. However, the efficiency of photocatalytic water splitting is far from satisfactory due to the sluggish electron-hole pair separation kinetics. Herein, isolated Mo atoms in a high oxidation state have been incorporated into the lattice of Cd 0.5 Zn 0.5 S (CZS@Mo) nanorods, which exhibit photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 11.32 mmol g −1 h −1 (226.4 μmol h −1 ; catalyst dosage 20 mg). Experimental and theoretical simulation results imply that the highly oxidized Mo species lead to mobile-charge imbalances in CZS and induce the directional photogenerated electrons transfer, resulting in effectively inhibited electron-hole recombination and greatly enhanced photocatalytic efficiency.

关键词： Electron Pump High-Oxidation State Photocatalysis Single-Atom Catalysts Water Splitting

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Short-Term Effects of a Therapeutic Diet on Biochemical Parameters in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Crossover Trial

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Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation 2023年第6期33卷 731-739页

作者： Wan-Chuan Tsai Shih-Ping Hsu Yen-Ling Chiu Hon-Yen Wu Chia-Chin Luan Ju-Yeh Yang Mei-Fen Pai Cheng-Jui Lin Wan-Yu Lin Wen-Huei Sun Yu-Sen Peng Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan Center for General Education Lee-Ming Institute of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan. School of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei City Taiwan. Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics Yuan Ze University Taoyuan City Taiwan. Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan Faculty of Medicine School of Medicine National Yang-Ming University Taipei City Taiwan. Dietary Department Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan. Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan. Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Mackay Memorial Hospital Taipei City Taiwan Department of Medicine Mackay Medical College Taipei City Taiwan Mackay Junior College of Medicine Nursing and Management Taipei City Taiwan. Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan. Dietary Department Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan. Electronic address: 830636231@mail.femh.org.tw. Department of Applied Cosmetology Lee-Ming Institute of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan City Taiwan. Electronic address: taan70@***.

OBJECTIVE:Although unhealthy diets exacerbate nutritional and metabolic derangements in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), how therapeutic diets that possess a variety of different dietary strategies acutely modify diverse biochemical parameters related to cardiovascular disease remains underexplored. METHODS:Thirty-three adults with end-stage kidney disease undergoing thrice-weekly hemodialysis participated in a randomized crossover trial comparing a therapeutic diet with their usual diets for 7 days, separated by a 4-week washout period. The therapeutic diet was characterized by adequate calorie and protein amounts, natural food ingredients with a low phosphorus-to-protein ratio, higher portions of plant-based food, and high fiber content. The primary outcome measure was the mean difference in the change-from-baseline intact fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) level between the 2 diets. The other outcomes of interest included changes in mineral parameters, uremic toxins, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. RESULTS:Compared with the usual diet, the therapeutic diet lowered intact FGF23 levels (P = .001), decreased serum phosphate levels (P < .001), reduced intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (P = .003), lowered C-terminal FGF23 levels (P = .03), increased serum calcium levels (P = .01), and tended to lower total indoxyl sulfate levels (P = .07) but had no significant effect on hs-CRP levels. Among these changes, reduction in serum phosphate level achieved in 2 days, modifications of intact PTH and calcium levels in 5 days, and reductions in intact and C-terminal FGF23 levels in 7 days of therapeutic diet intervention. CONCLUSION:Within the 1-week intervention period, the dialysis-specific therapeutic diet rapidly reversed mineral abnormalities and tended to decrease total indoxyl sulfate levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis but had no effect on inflammation. Future studies to assess the long-term effects of such therapeuti

关键词： FGF23 dialysis inflammation therapeutic diet uremic toxin

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FUTURE-AI: International consensus guideline for trustworthy and deployable artificial intelligence in healthcare

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lekadir, Karim Feragen, Aasa Fofanah, Abdul Joseph Frangi, Alejandro F. Buyx, Alena Emelie, Anais Lara, Andrea Porras, Antonio R. Chan, An-Wen Navarro, Arcadi Glocker, Ben Botwe, Benard O. Khanal, Bishesh Beger, Brigit Wu, Carol C. Cintas, Celia Langlotz, Curtis P. Rueckert, Daniel Mzurikwao, Deogratias Fotiadis, Dimitrios I. Zhussupov, Doszhan Ferrante, Enzo Meijering, Erik Weicken, Eva González, Fabio A. Asselbergs, Folkert W. Prior, Fred Krestin, Gabriel P. Collins, Gary S. Tegenaw, Geletaw S. Kaissis, Georgios Misuraca, Gianluca Tsakou, Gianna Dwivedi, Girish Kondylakis, Haridimos Jayakody, Harsha Woodruf, Henry C. Mayer, Horst Joachim Aerts, Hugo JWL Walsh, Ian Chouvarda, Ioanna Buvat, Irène Tributsch, Isabell Rekik, Islem Duncan, James Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree Zahir, Jihad Park, Jinah Mongan, John Gichoya, Judy W. Schnabel, Julia A. Kushibar, Kaisar Riklund, Katrine Mori, Kensaku Marias, Kostas Amugongo, Lameck M. Fromont, Lauren A. Maier-Hein, Lena Alberich, Leonor Cerdá Rittner, Leticia Phiri, Lighton Marrakchi-Kacem, Linda Donoso-Bach, Lluís Martí-Bonmatí, Luis Cardoso, M. Jorge Bobowicz, Maciej Shabani, Mahsa Tsiknakis, Manolis Zuluaga, Maria A. Bielikova, Maria Fritzsche, Marie-Christine Camacho, Marina Linguraru, Marius George Wenzel, Markus De Bruijne, Marleen Tolsgaard, Martin G. Ghassemi, Marzyeh Ashrafuzzaman, Md Goisauf, Melanie Yaqub, Mohammad Abadía, Mónica Cano Mahmoud, Mukhtar M.E. Elattar, Mustafa Rieke, Nicola Papanikolaou, Nikolaos Lazrak, Noussair Díaz, Oliver Salvado, Olivier Pujol, Oriol Sall, Ousmane Guevara, Pamela Gordebeke, Peter Lambin, Philippe Brown, Pieta Abolmaesumi, Purang Dou, Qi Lu, Qinghua Osuala, Richard Nakasi, Rose Zhou, S. Kevin Napel, Sandy Colantonio, Sara Albarqouni, Shadi Joshi, Smriti Carter, Stacy Klein, Stefan Petersen, Steffen E. Aussó, Susanna Awate, Suyash Raviv, Tammy Riklin Cook, Tessa Mutsvangwa, Tinashe E.M. Rogers, Wendy A. Niessen, Wiro J. Puig-Bosch, Xènia Zeng, Yi Mohammed, Yunusa G. Aquino, Yves Saint James Salahuddin, Zohaib Starmans, Martijn P.A. Department de Matemàtiques i Informàtica Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Barcelona Spain DTU Compute Technical University of Denmark Kgs Lyngby Denmark Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science and Technology Milton Margai Technical University Freetown Sierra Leone Center for Computational Imaging & Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine Schools of Computing and Medicine University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom Cardiovascular Science and Electronic Engineering Departments KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Faculty of Engineering of Systems Informatics and Sciences of Computing Galileo University Guatemala City Guatemala Department of Biostatistics and Informatics Colorado School of Public Health University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus AuroraCO United States Department of Medicine Women’s College Research Institute University of Toronto Toronto Canada Universitat Pompeu Fabra BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center Barcelona Spain Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical & Allied Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana Department of Midwifery & Radiography School of Health & Psychological Sciences City University of London United Kingdom Kathmandu Nepal European Heart Network Brussels Belgium Department of Thoracic Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston United States IBM Research Africa Nairobi Kenya Departments of Radiology Medicine and Biomedical Data Science Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford United States Institute for AI and Informatics in Medicine Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University Munich Munich Germany Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania United Republic of Ioannina Greece Almaty AI Lab Almaty Kazakhstan

Background: Despite major advances in artificial intelligence (AI) research for healthcare, the deployment and adoption of AI technologies remain limited in clinical practice. In recent years, concerns have been raised about the clinical, technical, ethical and legal risks associated with healthcare AI. To increase adoption in the real world, it is essential that AI technologies are trusted and accepted by patients, clinicians, health organisations and authorities. This paper describes the FUTURE-AI framework as the first international consensus guideline for trustworthy AI in healthcare. Methods: The FUTURE-AI consortium was founded in 2021 and now comprises 117 interdisciplinary experts from 50 countries representing all continents, including AI scientists, clinical researchers, biomedical ethicists, and social scientists. Over a two-year period, the consortium established guiding principles and best practices for trustworthy and deployable AI through an iterative process comprising an in-depth literature review, a modified Delphi survey, and online consensus meetings. Findings: The FUTURE-AI framework was established based on six guiding principles for trustworthy AI in healthcare, i.e. Fairness, Universality, Traceability, Usability, Robustness and Explainability. Through consensus, a set of 30 best practices were defined, addressing technical, clinical, socio-ethical and legal dimensions of trustworthy AI. The recommendations cover the entire lifecycle of healthcare AI, from design, development and validation to regulation, deployment, and monitoring. Interpretation: FUTURE-AI is a structured, risk-informed framework which provides guidance for constructing healthcare AI tools that will be trusted, deployed and adopted in real-world clinical practice. Researchers are encouraged to take the recommendations into account in proof-of-concept stages to facilitate future translation towards clinical practice of healthcare AI. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights

关键词： Clinical research

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