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Plasma proteomic analysis of intermuscular fat links muscle integrity with processing speed in older adults

Alzheimer's and Dementia 2025年第5期21卷 e70261页

作者： Tanaka, Toshiko Rosano, Caterina Huang, Xiaoning Tian, Qu Landman, Bennett A. Moore, Ann Z. Miljkovic, Iva Perry, Andrew Khan, Sadiya Kalhan, Ravi Carr, John Jeffrey Terry, James G. Yaffe, Kristine Walker, Keenan A. Candia, Julián Ferrucci, Luigi Longitudinal Studies Section Translational Gerontology Branch NIH NIA Baltimore MD United States Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL United States Department of Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN United States Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN United States Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN United States UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California–San Francisco San Francisco CA United States Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program Baltimore MD United States

INTRODUCTION: More intermuscular fat (IMF) has been associated with lower cognitive performance through mechanisms that are not fully elucidated. METHODS: The associations of 7628 plasma proteins with IMF were assessed in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging (n = 941, mean age = 66.7 ± 15.2) and validated in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (n = 2451, mean age = 50.2 ± 3.6). Processing speed was assessed by Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Associations between the main exposures, outcome, and mediators were evaluated using linear regression, and mediating effects were assessed by causal mediation analysis. RESULTS: There were 722 plasma proteins associated with IMF in both the discovery and replication cohorts (false discovery rate [FDR] adjusted p ≤ 0.05). Of these, 26 mediated the relationship between IMF and DSST, with effects ranging from 2.8% to 20.9% (p ≤ 0.05). These proteins represented synaptic function and organization, and growth factor binding (FDR adjusted p ≤ 0.05). DISCUSSION: Reducing IMF may improve processing speed through effects on growth factor and synaptic activity. Highlights: Higher intermuscular fat is associated with lower processing speed, consistently across populations that represent different demographic characteristics. There is a robust plasma proteomic profile of intermuscular fat that is assessed in the abdominal and thigh skeletal muscle. The proteins associated with intermuscular fat reflect signals that are reflective of synaptic function and organization, as well as other molecular pathways such as growth factor binding. Circulating proteins partially explain the association between higher intermuscular fat and lower processing speed, suggesting that higher intermuscular fat effects processing speed through pathways including synaptic functions and growth factor binding. © 2025 The Author(s). Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association. This

关键词： aging epidemiology intermuscular fat processing speed proteomics

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[email protected] core-shell nanoparticles as a p-type gas sensor: Novel synthesis, characterization, and their gas sensing properties with sensing mechanism

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Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2018年 268卷 223-231页

作者： Sanjit Manohar Majhi Gautam Kumar Naik Hu-Jun Lee Ho-Geun Song Cheul-Ro Lee In-Hwan Lee Yeon-Tae Yu Division of Advanced Materials Engineering and Research Center for Advanced Materials Development College of Engineering Chonbuk National University Jeonju 561-756 South Korea Electrical Engineering Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Ogam Technology Jeonju 54882 South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea

In this work, [email protected] core-shell nanoparticles (C-S NPs) as a p-type gas sensing material was synthesized by a facile wet-chemical method, and evaluated their gas sensing properties as compared to the pristine NiO NPs gas sensors. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) results exhibited the well-dispersed formation of [email protected] C-S NPs having the total size of 70–120 nm and NiO shells having 30–50 nm thickness. The C-S morphology as well as the overall particle sizes are unchanged even at 500 °C. The gas sensing result reveals that the response of [email protected] C-S NPs gas sensor is higher than pristine NiO NPs gas sensor for 100 ppm of ethanol at 200 °C operating temperature. The baseline resistance in the air for [email protected] C-S NPs sensor is lowered as compared to pristine NiO NPs, which is due to the increased number of holes as charge carriers in [email protected] C-S NPs. The high response of [email protected] core-shell NPs as compared to pristine NiO NPs is attributed to electronic and chemical sensitization effects of Au. In [email protected] C-S structure, the contact between metal (Au) and semiconductor (NiO) formed a Schottky junction since Au metal acted as electron acceptor, a withdrawal of electrons from NiO by Au metal core leaved behind number of holes as charge carriers in [email protected] C-S NPs. Therefore, the baseline resistance of [email protected] C-S NPs greatly decreased than pristine NiO NPs, as a result the [email protected] C-S NPs showed higher response. On the other hand, in chemical sensitization effect, Au NPs catalyzed to dissociate O 2 molecules into ionic species. This work will give some clue to the researchers for the further development of p-type based C-S NPs sensors.

关键词： [email protected] Core-shell NPs Baseline resistance Sensitivity [email protected]

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Hydration layers at the graphite-water interface: Attraction or confinement

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physical Review B 2019年第20期100卷 205410-205410页

作者： Hagen Söngen Ygor Morais Jaques Lidija Zivanovic Sebastian Seibert Ralf Bechstein Peter Spijker Hiroshi Onishi Adam S. Foster Angelika Kühnle Physical Chemistry I Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany COMP Centre of Excellence Department of Applied Physics Aalto University Helsinki FI-00076 Finland Department of Chemistry Kobe University 1-1 Rokkodai-cho Nada-ku Kobe Hyogo 657-8501 Japan Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz Staudingerweg 9 55128 Germany Division of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan

Water molecules at solid surfaces typically arrange in layers. The physical origin of the hydration layers is usually explained by two different reasons: (1) the attraction between the surface and water and (2) the water confinement due to the surface. While the attraction is specific to the particular solid, the confinement is a general property of surfaces; a differentiation between the two effects is, therefore, critical for research on interactions at aqueous interfaces. Here, we investigate the graphite-water interface, which is a widely used model system where the solid-water attraction is often considered to be negligible. Similar to previous studies, we observe hydration layers using three-dimensional atomic force microscopy at the graphite-water interface. We explain why the confinement could cause the formation of hydration layers even in the absence of attraction between surface and water by employing Monte Carlo simulations. Using additional molecular dynamics simulations, we continue to show that at ambient conditions, however, the confinement alone does not cause the formation of layers at the graphite-water interface. We thereby demonstrate that there is a significant graphite-water attraction.

关键词： Interactions & forces Graphite Liquid-solid interfaces Water

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Terahertz spoof surface-plasmon-polariton subwavelength waveguide

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Photonics Research 2018年第1期9卷 18-23页

作者： YING ZHANG YUEHONG XU CHUNXIU TIAN QUAN XU XUEQIAN ZHANG YANFENG LI XIXIANG ZHANG JIAGUANG HAN WEILI ZHANG Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering Tianjin University and the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology Tianjin Ministry of Education of China Tianjin 300072 China Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma 74078 USA

Surface plasmon polaritons(SPPs) with the features of subwavelength confinement and strong enhancements have sparked enormous interest. However, in the terahertz regime, due to the perfect conductivities of most metals, it is hard to realize the strong confinement of SPPs, even though the propagation loss could be sufficiently low. One main approach to circumvent this problem is to exploit spoof SPPs, which are expected to exhibit useful subwavelength confinement and relative low propagation loss at terahertz frequencies. Here we report the design,fabrication, and characterization of terahertz spoof SPP waveguides based on corrugated metal surfaces. The various waveguide components, including a straight waveguide, an S-bend waveguide, a Y-splitter, and a directional coupler, were experimentally demonstrated using scanning near-field terahertz microscopy. The proposed waveguide indeed enables propagation, bending, splitting, and coupling of terahertz SPPs and thus paves a new way for the development of flexible and compact plasmonic circuits operating at terahertz frequencies.

关键词：亚波长通讯技术传导速度传播损耗

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Physics Performance of the Large-Sized Telescope prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array 37

Physics Performance of the Large-Sized Telescope prototype o...

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. De Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Montaruli, T. Monteiro, I. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Mrakovcic, K. Murase, K. Nagai, A. Nakamori, T. Nickel, L. Nieto, D. Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha Kashiwa Chiba277-8582 Japan Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Granada18080 Spain INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM France 08193 Spain IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay France LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 9 Chemin de Bellevue - BP 110 AnnecyCedex 74941 France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan EMFTEL Department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain INAF Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza Spazio di Bologna Italy Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Brazil INFN Sezione di Padova PadovaI-35131 Italy Università degli Studi di Padova Via Marzolo 8 Padova35131 Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Spain Max-Planck-Institut für Physik München80805 Germany Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Otto-Hahn-Str. 4 Dortmund44221 Germany Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Catania Italy Italy University of Geneva Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Switzerland Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Czech Republic CIEMAT Port d'Informació Científica Spain INFN Sezione di Torino via P. Giuria 1 Torino10125 Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Universitá degli Studi di Torino Italy INFN Sezione di Bari Università di Bari Italy University of Rijeka Department of Physics Croatia Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universität Würzburg Germany Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Japan INFN Sezione di Bari Politecnico di B

The Large-Sized Telescope (LST) prototype of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is located at the Northern site of CTA, on the Canary Island of La Palma. It is designed to provide optimal performance in the lowest part of the energy range covered by CTA, observing gamma rays down to energies of tens of GeV. The LST prototype started performing astronomical observations in November 2019 during the commissioning of the telescope and it has been taking data since then. In this contribution, we will present the tuning of the characteristics of the telescope in the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations to describe the data obtained, the estimation of its angular and energy resolution, and an evaluation of its sensitivity, both with simulations and with observations of the Crab Nebula. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

关键词： Telescopes

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Tailoring magnetic order via atomically stacking 3d/5d electrons

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Huang, Ke Wu, Liang Wang, Maoyu Swain, Nyayabanta Motapothula, M. Luo, Yongzheng Han, Kun Chen, Mingfeng Ye, Chen Yang, Allen Jian Xu, Huan Qi, Dong-Chen N’Diaye, Alpha T. Panagopoulos, Christos Primetzhofer, Daniel Shen, Lei Sengupta, Pinaki Ma, Jing Feng, Zhenxing Nan, Ce-Wen Wang, X. Renshaw Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers University PiscatawayNJ08854 United States School of Chemical Biological and Environmental Engineering Oregon State University CorvallisOR97331 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala University Box 516 UppsalaSE-75120 Sweden Department of Physics SRM University AP Andhra Pradesh Amaravati522-502 India Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117575 Singapore School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies School of Chemistry Physics and Mechanical Engineering Queensland University of Technology BrisbaneQLD4001 Australia Department of Chemistry and Physics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University MelbourneVIC3086 Australia Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States

The ability to tune magnetic orders, such as magnetic anisotropy and topological spin texture, is desired in order to achieve high-performance spintronic devices. A recent strategy has been to employ interfacial engineering techniques, such as the introduction of spin-correlated interfacial coupling, to tailor magnetic orders and achieve novel magnetic properties. We chose a unique polar-nonpolar LaMnO3/SrIrO3 superlattice because Mn (3d)/Ir (5d) oxides exhibit rich magnetic behaviors and strong spin-orbit coupling through the entanglement of their 3d and 5d electrons. Through magnetization and magnetotransport measurements, we found that the magnetic order is interface-dominated as the superlattice period is decreased. We were able to then effectively modify the magnetization, tilt of the ferromagnetic easy axis, and symmetry transition of the anisotropic magnetoresistance of the LaMnO3/SrIrO3 superlattice by introducing additional Mn (3d) and Ir (5d) interfaces. Further investigations using in-depth first-principles calculations and numerical simulations revealed that these magnetic behaviors could be understood by the 3d/5d electron correlation and Rashba spin-orbit coupling. The results reported here demonstrate a new route to synchronously engineer magnetic properties through the atomic stacking of different electrons, contributing to future applications. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrons

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Abstracts

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JOURNAL OF SPINAL CORD MEDICINE 2021年第SUPPL 1期44卷 S278-S324页

作者： [Anonymous] Department of Medicine Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Toronto Toronto ON CA KITE - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute University Health Network Toronto ON CA Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto ON CA Rehabilitation Sciences Institute University of Toronto Toronto ON CA Institute of Medical Sciences University of Toronto Toronto ON CA. Rehabilitation Sciences Institute University of Toronto ON CA KITE Research Institute-Toronto Rehab-University Health Network Toronto ON CA Physical Therapy Department University of Toronto ON CA Praxis Spinal Cord Institute Vancouver BC Université de Montréal (École de réadaptation) Montreal QC CA Institut de réadaptation Gingras-Linsay-de-Montréal Montreal QC CA Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton AB CA University of Calgary Calgary AB CA Alberta Health Services Centre for Family Medicine Kitchener ON CA McMaster University Department of Family Medicine Hamilton ON CA Dept. of Physical Therapy University of Toronto Toronto ON CA KITE-University Health Network Toronto ON CA Praxis Spinal Cord Institute Vancouver BC CA Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS) Quebec City QC CA Dept. of Rehabilitation Laval University Quebec City QC CA Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto ON CA School of Rehabilitation Science University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK CA Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation Toronto ON CA Canadian Spinal Research Organization Toronto ON CA CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l ‘Île-de-Montréal (Installation Gingras-Lindsay) Montréal QC CA École de réadaptation Université de Montréal Montréal QC CA First Steps Wellness Centre Regina SK CA Stan Cassidy Centre for Rehabilitation Horizon Health Network Fredericton NB CA Departmen

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Revealing the Side-Chain-Dependent Ordering Transition of Highly Crystalline Double-Cable Conjugated Polymers

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Angewandte Chemie 2021年第48期133卷

作者： Guitao Feng Wenliang Tan Safakath Karuthedath Cheng Li Xuechen Jiao Amelia C. Y. Liu Hariprasad Venugopal Zheng Tang Long Ye Frédéric Laquai Christopher R. McNeill Weiwei Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash University Wellington Road Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) KAUST Solar Center (KSC) Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE) Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE) Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Wellington Road Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China

We developed a series of highly crystalline double-cable conjugated polymers for application in single-component organic solar cells (SCOSCs). These polymers contain conjugated backbones as electron donor and pendant perylene bisimide units (PBIs) as electron acceptor. PBIs are connected to the backbone via alkyl units varying from hexyl (C 6 H 12 ) to eicosyl (C 20 H 40 ) as flexible linkers. For double-cable polymers with short linkers, the PBIs tend to stack in a head-to-head fashion, resulting in large d -spacings (e.g. 64 Å for the polymer P12 with C 12 H 24 linker) along the lamellar stacking direction. When the length of the linker groups is longer than a certain length, the PBIs instead adopt a more ordered packing likely via H -aggregation, resulting in short d -spacings (e.g. 50 Å for the polymer P16 with C 16 H 32 linker). This work highlights the importance of linker length on the molecular packing of the acceptor units and the influences on the photovoltaic performance of SCOSCs.

关键词： cryo-transmission electron microscopy double-cable conjugated polymers lamellar stacking single-component organic solar cells

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Exploring Observational Heliophysics Across All Scales: Reflections and Insights From the 2023 NASA Heliophysics Summer School

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists

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Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists 2024年第1期5卷

作者： S. R. Shaver A. R. Smith S. S. Babu Y. Baruah M. Bauer V. Chaturmutha H. Chen B. Dalal G. B. Dias da Silva T. Eddy G. González S. Gu E. Gülay A. P. Hoffmann O. R. Idolor R. Khan Y. Liou N. Liu X. Lyu A. Maharana D. K. V. Radhakrishnan O. M. Romeo P. O. C. Silva H. M. Salah C. Thibeault A. Weiss Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder CO USA Geophysical Institute University of Alaska Fairbanks AK USA Department of Physics University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Department of Physical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal India Center of Excellence in Space Sciences India Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal India Austrian Space Weather Office GeoSphere Austria Graz Austria Department of Physics & Astronomy Georgia State University Atlanta GA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA Space and Atmospheric Sciences Physical Research Laboratory Ahmedabad Gujarat India National Institute for Space Research (INPE) São Paulo Brazil Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Space Sciences Laboratory University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Department of Physics University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkiye Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Indian Institute of Astrophysics Bangalore Karnataka India Department of Engineering Physics Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach FL USA New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX USA Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX USA Physics Department Faculty of Science Space Weather Monitoring Center Helwan University Cairo Egypt Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellowship NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA

The field of heliophysics encompasses a diverse range of research areas and rich plasma environments, from the solar dynamo and solar wind turbulence, to the complex terrestrial thermosphere-ionosphere-magnetosphere (TIM) system, to investigations of both induced and intrinsic magnetospheres across the solar system. This perspective paper delves into the experiences and outcomes of a summer school held in person in Boulder, Colorado, USA, from 7–11 August, which offered a platform for interdisciplinary learning and collaboration. The event, supported by NASA's Living with a Star program and hosted by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research and Cooperative programs for the Advancement of Earth System science, assembled a cohort of 26 graduate students and postdoctoral researchers from around the world, all engaged in heliophysics research. The summer school included a series of lectures, interactive activities, and a culminating capstone project. The participants' diverse backgrounds enriched discussions and encouraged novel approaches to traditional problems. The capstone projects spanned an array of topics, including investigating the origins of solar wind switchbacks, dissecting the sequence of events from solar eruptions and their corresponding terrestrial consequences, investigating the energy transfer from solar coronal mass ejections to Earth's magnetosphere, and advocating for the exploration of Coulomb collisions in understanding large-scale global systems. Through this perspective, we shed light on the value of international and interdisciplinary collaboration in advancing heliophysics research. This perspective paper encapsulates the ethos of the summer school, serving as a testament to the continuing and collective pursuit of unraveling the mysteries of the heliosphere. Cooperative programs for the Advancement of Earth System science/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research held the seventeenth annual NASA Heliophysics Summer School bot

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Suppression of the antiferromagnetic metallic state in the pressurized MnBi2Te4 single crystal

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physical Review Materials 2019年第9期3卷 094201-094201页

作者： K. Y. Chen B. S. Wang J.-Q. Yan D. S. Parker J.-S. Zhou Y. Uwatoko J.-G. Cheng Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan Guangdong 523808 China Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Institute for Solid State Physics University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Chiba 277-8581 Japan

We study the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the electrical transport, magnetic, and structural properties of MnBi2Te4 by measuring its resistivity, Hall effect, and x-ray diffraction under pressures up to 12.8 GPa supplemented by the first-principles calculations. At ambient pressure, MnBi2Te4 shows a metallic conducting behavior with a cusplike anomaly at around TN≈24K, where it undergoes a long-range antiferromagnetic (AF) transition. With increasing pressure, TN determined from the resistivity anomaly first increases slightly with a maximum at around 2 GPa and then decreases until vanishing completely at about 7 GPa. Intriguingly, its resistivity is enhanced gradually by pressure and even evolves from metallic to semimetal or semiconductinglike behavior as TN is suppressed. However, the density of the n-type charge carrier that remains dominant under pressure increases with pressure. In addition, the interlayer AF coupling seems to be strengthened under compression, since the critical field Hc1 for the spin-flop transition to the canted AF state is found to increase with pressure. No structural transition was evidenced up to 12.8 GPa, but some lattice softening was observed at about 2 GPa, signaling the occurrence of an electronic transition or crossover from a localized to itinerant state. We have rationalized these experimental findings by considering the pressure-induced enhancement of antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic competition and partial delocalization of Mn−3d electrons, which not only destroys long-range AF order but also promotes charge-carrier localization through enhanced spin fluctuations and/or the formation of a hybridization gap at high pressure.

关键词： Pressure effects Topological materials Antiferromagnets Single crystal materials Density functional theory Resistivity measurements

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