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Controlling photonic spin Hall effect via exceptional points

physical Review B 2019年第11期100卷 115429-115429页

作者： Xinxing Zhou Xiao Lin Zhicheng Xiao Tony Low Andrea Alù Baile Zhang Handong Sun Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications School of Physics and Electronics Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York 10031 USA Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies (CDPT) School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore MajuLab CNRS-UCA-SU-NUS-NTU International Joint Research Unit Singapore 637371 Singapore

The photonic spin Hall effect (SHE), featured by a spin-dependent transverse shift of an impinging optical beam driven by its polarization handedness, has many applications including precise metrology and spin-based nanophotonic devices. It is highly desirable to control and enhance the photonic SHE. However, such a goal remains elusive, due to the weak spin-orbit interaction of light, especially for systems with optical loss. Here we reveal a flexible way to modulate the photonic SHE via exceptional points, by exploiting the transverse shift in a parity-time (PT) symmetric system with balanced gain and loss. The underlying physics is associated with the near-zero value and abrupt phase jump of the reflection coefficients at exceptional points. We find that the transverse shift is zero at exceptional points, but it is largely enhanced in their vicinity. Moreover, the transverse shift switches its sign across the exceptional point, resulting from spontaneous PT-symmetry breaking. Due to the sensitivity of transverse shift at exceptional points, our work also indicates that the photonic SHE can enable a precise way to probe the location of exceptional point in photonic systems.

关键词： Light-matter interaction Metamaterials Nanophotonics Spin-orbit coupling PT-symmetry

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Terahertz excitonics in carbon nanotubes: exciton autoionization and multiplication

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Bagsican, Filchito Renee G. Wais, Michael Komatsu, Natsumi Gao, Weilu Weber, Lincoln W. Serita, Kazunori Murakami, Hironaru Held, Karsten Hegmann, Frank A. Tonouchi, Masayoshi Kono, Junichiro Kawayama, Iwao Battiato, Marco Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University Suita Osaka565-0871 Japan Institute for Solid State Physics TU Wien Vienna1040 Austria Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics Southern Illinois University Carbondale CarbondaleIL62901 United States Department of Physics University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 2E1 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University Kyoto606-8501 Japan

Excitons play major roles in optical processes in modern semiconductors, such as single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs),1–3 transition metal dichalcogenides,4–6 and 2D perovskite quantum wells.7,8 They possess extremely large binding energies (>100 meV), dominating absorption and emission spectra even at high temperatures.9,10 The large binding energies imply that they are stable, that is, hard to ionize, rendering them seemingly unsuited for optoelectronic devices that require mobile charge carriers, especially terahertz emitters and solar cells. Here, we have conducted terahertz emission and photocurrent studies on films of aligned single-chirality semiconducting SWCNTs11 and find that excitons autoionize, i.e., spontaneously dissociate into electrons and holes. This process naturally occurs ultrafast ( Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Excitons

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Organic Semiconductors: Fast‐Response, Highly Air‐Stable, and Water‐Resistant Organic Photodetectors Based on a Single‐Crystal Pt Complex (Adv. Mater. 2/2020)

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Advanced Materials 2020年第2期32卷

作者： Dharmaraj Periyanagounder Tzu‐Chiao Wei Ting‐You Li Chun‐Ho Lin Théo Piechota Gonçalves Hui‐Chun Fu Dung‐Sheng Tsai Jr‐Jian Ke Hung‐Wei Kuo Kuo‐Wei Huang Norman Lu Xiaosheng Fang Jr‐Hau He Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science & Technology Thuwal 23955–6900 Saudi Arabia Department of Molecular Science and Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei 106 Taiwan ROC KAUST Catalyst Centre Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science & Technology Thuwal 23955–6900 Saudi Arabia Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials National Taipei University of Technology Taipei 106 Taiwan ROC Department of Materials Science Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 999077 China

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Biomedical image analysis competitions: The state of current participation practice

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Eisenmann, Matthias Reinke, Annika Weru, Vivienn Tizabi, Minu Dietlinde Isensee, Fabian Adler, Tim J. Godau, Patrick Cheplygina, Veronika Kozubek, Michal Maier-Hein, Klaus Jäger, Paul F. Kopp-Schneider, Annette Maier-Hein, Lena Ali, Sharib Gupta, Anubha Kybic, Jan Noble, Alison de Solórzano, Carlos Ortiz Pachade, Samiksha Petitjean, Caroline Sage, Daniel Wei, Donglai Wilden, Elizabeth Alapatt, Deepak Andrearczyk, Vincent Baid, Ujjwal Bakas, Spyridon Balu, Niranjan Bano, Sophia Bawa, Vivek Singh Bernal, Jorge Bodenstedt, Sebastian Casella, Alessandro Choi, Jinwook Commowick, Olivier Daum, Marie Depeursinge, Adrien Dorent, Reuben Egger, Jan Eichhorn, Hannah Engelhardt, Sandy Ganz, Melanie Girard, Gabriel Hansen, Lasse Heinrich, Mattias Heller, Nicholas Hering, Alessa Huaulmé, Arnaud Kim, Hyunjeong Li, Hongwei Bran Landman, Bennett Li, Jianning Ma, Jun Martel, Anne Martín-Isla, Carlos Menze, Bjoern Nwoye, Chinedu Innocent Oreiller, Valentin Padoy, Nicolas Pati, Sarthak Payette, Kelly Sudre, Carole van Wijnen, Kimberlin Vardazaryan, Armine Vercauteren, Tom Wagner, Martin Wang, Chuanbo Yap, Moi Hoon Yu, Zeyun Yuan, Chun Zenk, Maximilian Zia, Aneeq Zimmerer, David Bao, Rina Choi, Chanyeol Cohen, Andrew Dzyubachyk, Oleh Galdran, Adrian Gan, Tianyuan Guo, Tianqi Gupta, Pradyumna Haithami, Mahmood Ho, Edward Jang, Ikbeom Li, Zhili Luo, Zhengbo Lux, Filip Makrogiannis, Sokratis Müller, Dominik Oh, Young-Tack Pang, Subeen Pape, Constantin Polat, Gorkem Reed, Charlotte Rosalie Ryu, Kanghyun Scherr, Tim Thambawita, Vajira Wang, Haoyu Wang, Xinliang Xu, Kele Yeh, Hung Yeo, Doyeob Yuan, Yixuan Zeng, Yan Zhao, Xin Abbing, Julian Adam, Jannes Adluru, Nagesh Agethen, Niklas Ahmed, Salman Al Khalil, Yasmina Alenyà, Mireia Alhoniemi, Esa An, Chengyang Arega, Tewodros Weldebirhan Avisdris, Netanell Aydogan, Dogu Baran Bai, Yingbin Calisto, Maria Baldeon Basaran, Berke Doga Beetz, Marcel Bian, Hao Blansit, Kevin Bloch, Louise Bohnsack, Robert Bosticardo, Sara Breen, Jack Brudfors, Mikael Brüngel, Raphael Cabezas, Mariano Cacciola, Alb Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Germany Heidelberg HI Helmholtz Imaging Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Division of Biostatistics Germany Heidelberg Division of Medical Image Computing Germany Heidelberg HI Applied Vision Lab Germany IT University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic Heidelberg Interactive Machine Learning Group Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science and Medical Faculty Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany NCT Heidelberg DKFZ University Hospital Heidelberg Germany School of Computing University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom SBILab Department of ECE IIIT-Delhi India Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University Prague Czech Republic Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Oxford United Kingdom Center for Applied Medical Research Pamplona Spain Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology Maharashtra Nanded India Université de Rouen Normandie France Lausanne Switzerland School of Engineering and Applied Science Harvard University United States ICube University of Strasbourg CNRS France Institute of Informatics School of Management HES-SO Valais-Wallis University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland Techno-Pôle 3 Sierre3960 Switzerland Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Lausanne University Hospital Rue du Bugnon 46 LausanneCH-1011 Switzerland University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Radiology University of Washington United States Wellcome EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences University College London London United Kingdom Visual Artificial Intelligence Lab Oxford Brookes University Oxford United Kingdom Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona & Computer Vision Center Spain Dresden Fetscherstraße 74 PF 64 Dresden01307 Germany

The number of international benchmarking competitions is steadily increasing in various fields of machine learning (ML) research and practice. So far, however, little is known about the common practice as well as bottlenecks faced by the community in tackling the research questions posed. To shed light on the status quo of algorithm development in the specific field of biomedical imaging analysis, we designed an international survey that was issued to all participants of challenges conducted in conjunction with the IEEE ISBI 2021 and MICCAI 2021 conferences (80 competitions in total). The survey covered participants' expertise and working environments, their chosen strategies, as well as algorithm characteristics. A median of 72% challenge participants took part in the survey. According to our results, knowledge exchange was the primary incentive (70%) for participation, while the reception of prize money played only a minor role (16%). While a median of 80 working hours was spent on method development, a large portion of participants stated that they did not have enough time for method development (32%). 25% perceived the infrastructure to be a bottleneck. Overall, 94% of all solutions were deep learning-based. Of these, 84% were based on standard architectures. 43% of the respondents reported that the data samples (e.g., images) were too large to be processed at once. This was most commonly addressed by patch-based training (69%), downsampling (37%), and solving 3D analysis tasks as a series of 2D tasks. K-fold cross-validation on the training set was performed by only 37% of the participants and only 50% of the participants performed ensembling based on multiple identical models (61%) or heterogeneous models (39%). 48% of the respondents applied postprocessing steps. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Entanglement properties of disordered quantum spin chains with long-range antiferromagnetic interactions

引用

physical Review B 2020年第21期102卷 214201-214201页

作者： Y. Mohdeb J. Vahedi N. Moure A. Roshani Hyun-Yong Lee R. N. Bhatt Stefan Kettemann Stephan Haas Department of Physics and Earth Sciences Jacobs University Bremen Bremen 28759 Germany Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Mathematische Physik Mendelssohnstr. 3 38106 Braunschweig Germany Department of Physics Sari Branch Islamic Azad University Sari 48164-194 Iran Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Southern California Los Angeles California 90089-0484 USA Department of Applied Physics Graduate School Korea University Sejong 30019 Korea Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics Korea University Sejong 30019 Korea Interdisciplinary Program in EċICT-Culture-Sports Convergence Korea University Sejong 30019 Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced Study Princeton New Jersey 08540 USA Division of Advanced Materials Science Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 790-784 Korea

Entanglement measures are useful tools in characterizing otherwise unknown quantum phases and indicating transitions between them. Here we examine the concurrence and entanglement entropy in quantum spin chains with random long-range couplings, spatially decaying with a power-law exponent α. Using the strong disorder renormalization group (SDRG) technique, we find by analytical solution of the master equation a strong disorder fixed point, characterized by a fixed point distribution of the couplings with a finite dynamical exponent, which describes the system consistently in the regime α>12. A numerical implementation of the SDRG method yields a power-law spatial decay of the average concurrence, which is also confirmed by exact numerical diagonalization. However, we find that the lowest-order SDRG approach is not sufficient to obtain the typical value of the concurrence. We therefore implement a correction scheme which allows us to obtain the leading-order corrections to the random singlet state. This approach yields a power-law spatial decay of the typical value of the concurrence, which we derive both by a numerical implementation of the corrections and by analytics. Next, using numerical SDRG, the entanglement entropy (EE) is found to be logarithmically enhanced for all α, corresponding to a critical behavior with an effective central charge c=ln(2), independent of α. This is confirmed by an analytical derivation. Using numerical exact diagonalization (ED), we confirm the logarithmic enhancement of the EE and a weak dependence on α. For a wide range of partition size l, the EE fits a critical behavior with a central charge close to c=1, which is the same as for the clean Haldane-Shastry model with a power-law-decaying interaction with α=2. Only for small l≪L, in a range which increases with the number of spins N, we find deviations which are rather consistent with the strong disorder fixed point central charge c=ln(2). Furthermore, we find using ED that the conc

关键词： Magnetism Quantum entanglement Disordered systems Doped semiconductors Density matrix methods Exact diagonalization Renormalization group Tensor network methods

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Cloud-AC-OPF: Model reduction technique for multi-scenario optimal power flow via chance-constrained optimization

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Frolov, Vladimir Roald, Line Chertkov, Michael Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Nobel Street 3 Moscow Region143026 Russia Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin 1415 Engineering Drive MadisonWI53706 United States Center for Nonlinear Studies and Theoretical Division T-4 LANL Los AlamosNM87545 United States Program in Applied Mathematics University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States

—Many practical planning and operational applications in power systems require simultaneous consideration of a large number of operating conditions or Multi-Scenario AC-Optimal Power Flow (MS-AC-OPF) solution. However, when the number of exogenously prescribed conditions is large, solving the problem as a collection of single AC-OPFs may be time-consuming or simply intractable computationally. In this paper, we suggest a model reduction approach, coined Cloud-AC-OPF, which replaces a collection of samples by their compact representation in terms of mean and standard deviation. Instead of determining an optimal generation dispatch for each sample individually, we parametrize the generation dispatch as an affine function. The Cloud-AC-OPF is mathematically similar to a generalized Chance-Constrained AC-OPF (CC-AC-OPF) of the type recently discussed in the literature, but conceptually different as it discusses applications to long-term planning. We further propose a tractable formulation and implementation, and illustrate our construction on the example of 30-bus IEEE model. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acoustic generators

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Current-induced helicity reversal of a single skyrmionic bubble chain in a nanostructured frustrated magnet

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Hou, Zhipeng Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Xichao Xu, Guizhou Xia, Jing Ding, Bei Li, Hang Zhang, Senfu Batra, Nitin M. Costa, Pedro M.F.J. Liu, Enke Wu, Guangheng Ezawa, Motohiko Liu, Xiaoxi Zhou, Yan Zhang, Xixiang Wang, Wenhong Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Institute for Advanced Materials South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia School of Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Guangdong518172 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Department of Applied Physics University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Tokyo113-8656 Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shinshu University 4-17-1 Wakasato Nagano380-8553 Japan

Helicity indicates the in-plane magnetic-moment swirling direction of a skyrmionic configuration. The ability to reverse the helicity of a skyrmionic bubble via purely electrical means has been predicted in frustrated magnetic systems, however its experimental observation has remained challenging. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the current-driven helicity reversal of the skyrmionic bubble in a nanostructured frustrated Fe3Sn2 magnet. The critical current density required to trigger the helicity reversal is 109 - 1010 A/m2, with a corresponding pulse-width varying from 1 μs to 100 ns. Computational simulations reveal that both the pinning effect and dipole-dipole interaction play a crucial role in the helicity-reversal process. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic moments

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FLAIR MRI biomarkers of the Normal-Appearing Brain Matter (NABM) are related to APOE-4 status and CSF markers Aβ42 and Tau

引用

Alzheimer's & Dementia 2023年第S3期19卷

作者： Karissa Chan Corinne E. Fischer Houman Khosravani Sandra E. Black Pascal Tyrrell Pejman Jabehdar Maralani Alan R. Moody April Khademi Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Department Ryerson University Toronto ON Canada St. Michael’s Hospital Toronto ON Canada University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science St. Michael’s Hospital Toronto ON Canada Faculty of Medicine Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Institute of Medical Sciences University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael’s Hospital Toronto ON Canada Division of Neurology Department of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery Toronto ON Canada Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto ON Canada Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto ON Canada Toronto Dementia Research Alliance Toronto ON Canada LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto ON Canada Department of Statistical Science University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Department of Medical Imaging University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael’s Hospital Toronto ON Canada Ryerson University IAMLAB Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Toronto ON Canada

Background Reduced amyloid-beta-42 (Aβ42) and elevated total tau (t-tau) protein concentrations in the CSF are characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology [1]. Aβ42 contributes to extracellular plaque formation between neurons [2]. The total level of tau, a microtubule-stabilizer in neuron axons [3], is associated with neuronal death [1]. Additionally, presence of ApoE4 (ε4) alleles is an established identifier for increased risk of AD [4]. Non-invasive imaging-based correlates of the CSF markers are lacking. This study examines correlations of novel FLAIR texture, intensity, and volume biomarkers, along with white matter lesion (WML) burden, with Aβ42, t-tau, and ε4 status. Method FLAIR volumes (n = 4044) from the ADNI database were used for analysis with CSF biomarkers. A subset (n = 921) was used for ε4 analysis based on available data. Normal-appearing brain matter (NABM) was obtained by removing CSF and WML. Macrostructural damage (MAD), microstructural damage (MID), and integrity (MII) texture biomarkers [5] were extracted from each NABM volume (Fig. 1), along with median intensity, NABM/ICV ratio, and normalized WML volume [5]. Relationships between FLAIR biomarkers and AD markers were described using parametric statistical analyses. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Result All FLAIR biomarkers were statistically significantly correlated with CSF Aβ42 levels. All features except MID and WML burden were significantly correlated with CSF t-tau levels (Table 1). MAD, MID, and WML burden showed negative correlations with Aβ42, while MAD showed a positive correlation with t-tau. Opposite trends were seen with MII, intensity, and NABM/ICV (Fig. 2). Significant differences between groups without and with one ε4 allele were found in all FLAIR biomarkers except WML burden. Significant differences in MAD, MII and NABM/ICV were found between groups with one and two ε4 alleles (Table 2). Conclusion FLAIR biomarkers were inversely associated with CSF Aβ

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The definition of sng: The expert consensus by the sng taxonomy Task force of the Taiwan sng Society

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Journal of the Formosan Medical Association 2025年

作者： Han, Der-Sheng Lin, Jiann-Her Hung, Chih-Hsien Huang, Shuping Chen, Jen-Yin Chiang, Yung-Hsiao Chiu, Hsiao-Yean Chou, Li-Wei Hsieh, Cheng-Ta Huang, Ming-Chyi Huang, Wei-Lieh Kang, Jiunn-Horng Lee, Hsun-Hua Lin, Chia-Shu Lin, Chien-Min Lin, Chih-Peng Lin, Ying-Tung Liu, Yen-Chin Ro, Long-Sun Shen, Chiung-Chyi Su, Lily I-Wen Su, Yu-Jih Sun, Jui-Ming Sung, Jia-Ying Tsai, Rong-Kung Wang, Man-Ling Wen, Yeong-Ray Weng, Hao-Jui Wu, Ming-Shun Yu, Yu-Wen Hsieh, Sung-Tsang Wang, Shuu-Jiun Sun, Wei-Zen Chen, Chih-Cheng Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation National Taiwan University Hospital Beihu Branch Taipei Taiwan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan Division of Neurosurgery Department of Surgery Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Surgery School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Taipei Neuroscience Institute Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan TMU Research Center of Neuroscience Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Neurology Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan School of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Foreign Languages and Literature National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Anesthesiology Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan School of Medicine College of Medicine National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan School of Nursing College of Nursing Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Nursing Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Asia University Hospital Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Division of Neurosurgery Department of Surgery Cathay General Hospital Taipei Taiwan School of Medicine National Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Medicine School of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Psychiatry Taipei City Psychiatric Center Taipei City Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Psychiatry National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch Yunlin Taiwan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Taipei Medical University Hospital Taip

“Sng” is a Taiwanese term describing a distinct state of soreness. Accumulating evidence indicates that sng is a specific somatosensory modality, independent of pain, with distinct receptors and transduction pathways. In recent years, variations in its presentation across different medical specialties have highlighted the need for a standardized definition of sng-related terminology. To address this, the Taiwan Sng Society established a multidisciplinary Sng Taxonomy Task Force, comprising 32 experts in both clinical and basic sciences related to sng. Here we summarize the discussions and expert consensus from the Task Force. A total of 16 sng-related terminology was defined. The first edition of sng terminology aims to establish a clear, standardized framework for the clinical practice and research of sng. © 2025 Formosan Medical Association

关键词： Definition sng Sngception Taxonomy Terminology

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Magnetic Control of Soft Chiral Phonons in PbTe

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Baydin, Andrey Hernandez, Felix G.G. Rodriguez-Vega, Martin Okazaki, Anderson K. Tay, Fuyang Timothy Noe, G. Katayama, Ikufumi Takeda, Jun Nojiri, Hiroyuki Rappl, Paulo H.O. Abramof, Eduardo Fiete, Gregory A. Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo SP São Paulo05508-090 Brazil Theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Laboratório Associado de Sensores e Materiais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais SP São José dos Campos12201-970 Brazil Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics Graduate School of Engineering Science Yokohama National University Yokohama240-8501 Japan Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Department of Physics Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

PbTe crystals have a soft transverse optical phonon mode in the terahertz frequency range, which is known to efficiently decay into heat-carrying acoustic phonons, resulting in anomalously low thermal conductivity. Here, we studied this phonon via polarization-dependent terahertz spectroscopy. We observed softening of this mode with decreasing temperature, indicative of incipient ferroelectricity, which we explain through a model including strong anharmonicity with a quartic displacement term. In magnetic fields up to 25 T, the phonon mode splits into two modes with opposite handedness, exhibiting circular dichroism. Their frequencies display Zeeman splitting together with an overall diamagnetic shift with increasing magnetic field. Using a group-theoretical approach, we demonstrate that these observations are the result of magnetic field-induced morphic changes in the crystal symmetries through the Lorentz force exerted on the lattice ions. Thus, our study reveals a novel process of controlling phonon properties in a soft ionic lattice by a strong magnetic field. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic fields

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