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Retinal Blood Vessel Tracking and Diameter Estimation via Gaussian Process With Rider Optimization Algorithm

IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2024年第3期28卷 1173-1184页

作者： Ahmad, Nehal Lai, Kuan-Ting Tanveer, M. Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol Department of Mathematics Indore453552 India National Taipei University of Technology Department of International Program of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Taipei106 Taiwan National Taipei University of Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Taipei106 Taiwan

Retinal blood vessels structure analysis is an important step in the detection of ocular diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity. Accurate tracking and estimation of retinal blood vessels in terms of their diameter remains a major challenge in retinal structure analysis. In this research, we develop a rider-based Gaussian approach for accurate tracking and diameter estimation of retinal blood vessels. The diameter and curvature of the blood vessel are assumed as the Gaussian processes. The features are determined for training the Gaussian process using Radon transform. The kernel hyperparameter of Gaussian processes is optimized using Rider Optimization Algorithm for evaluating the direction of the vessel. Multiple Gaussian processes are used for detecting the bifurcations and the difference in the prediction direction is quantified. The performance of the proposed Rider-based Gaussian process is evaluated with mean and standard deviation. Our method achieved high performance with the standard deviation of 0.2499 and mean average of 0.0147, which outperformed the state-of-the-art method by 6.32%. Although the proposed model outperformed the state-of-the-art method in normal blood vessels, in future research, one can include tortuous blood vessels of different retinopathy patients, which would be more challenging due to large angle variations. We used Rider-based Gaussian process for tracking blood vessels to obtain the diameter of retinal blood vessels, and the method performed well on the 'STrutred Analysis of the REtina (STARE) Database' accessed on Oct. 2020 (https://***/~ahoover/stare/). To the best of our knowledge, this experiment is one of the most recent analysis using this type of algorithm. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Blood vessels

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Pareto Optimal Hybrid Beamforming for Short-Packet Millimeter-Wave Integrated Sensing and Communication

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IEEE Transactions on Communications 2024年第6期73卷 4570-4585页

作者： Singh, Jitendra Naveen, Banda Srivastava, Suraj Jagannatham, Aditya K. Hanzo, Lajos Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Department of Electrical Engineering UP Kanpur208016 India Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Department of Electrical Engineering Rajasthan Jodhpur342030 India University of Southampton School of Electronics and Computer Science SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom

Pareto optimal solutions are conceived for radar beamforming error (RBE) and sum rate maximization in short-packet (SP) millimeter-wave (mmWave) integrated sensing and communication (ISAC). Our ultimate goal is to realize ultra-reliable low-latency communication (uRLLC) and real-time sensing capabilities for 6G applications. The ISAC base station (BS) transmits short packets in the downlink (DL) to serve multiple communication users (CUs) and detect multiple radar targets (RTs). We investigate the performance trade-off between the sensing and communication capabilities by optimizing both the radio frequency (RF) and the baseband (BB) transmit precoder (TPC), together with the block lengths. The optimization problem considers the minimum rate requirements of the CUs, the maximum tolerable radar beamforming error (RBE) for the RTs, the unit modulus (UM) elements of the RF TPC, and the finite transmit power as the constraints for SP transmission. The resultant problem is highly non-convex due to the intractable rate expression of the SP regime coupled with the non-convex rate and UM constraints. To solve this problem, we propose an innovative two-layer bisection search (TLBS) algorithm, wherein the RF and BB TPCs are optimized in the inner layer, followed by the block length in the outer layer. Furthermore, a pair of novel methods, namely a bisection search-based majorizer and minimizer (BMM) as well as exact penalty-based manifold optimization (EPMO) are harnessed for optimizing the RF TPC in the inner layer. Subsequently, the BB TPC and the block length are derived via second-order cone programming (SOCP) and mixed integer programming methods, respectively. Finally, our exhaustive simulation results reveal the effect of system parameters for various settings on the RBE-rate region of the SP mmWave ISAC system and demonstrate a significantly enhanced performance compared to the benchmarks. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Integer programming

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Swarm Optimization-Based Hyperparameter Selection for Machine Learning Algorithms in Indoor Localization 8

Swarm Optimization-Based Hyperparameter Selection for Machin...

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8th International Conference on computer Science and engineering, UBMK 2023

作者： Kam, Yasin Bayraktar, Mert Ulusar, Umit Deniz Akdeniz University Electrical-Electronics Engineering Department Antalya Turkey Akdeniz University Computer Engineering Department Antalya Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340815

In this study, we compare multiple machine learning algorithms for indoor positioning applications, offering insights into the application of swarm optimization algorithms for hyperparameter selection in indoor positioning tasks. The study's findings demonstrate that both Particle S warm Optimization (PSO) and Whale Optimization Algorithms (WOA) improve the performance of machine learning models. Specifically, Random Forest (RF)-based classification demonstrates the highest accuracy, precision, and recall. The results also indicate that an increased number of access points results in improved performance and decreased standard deviations. The study contributes to the optimization and refinement of machine learning algorithms for indoor localization, opening avenues for more accurate and reliable positioning systems. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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Demonstration of synaptic and resistive switching characteristics in W/TiO_(2)/HfO_(2)/TaN memristor crossbar array for bioinspired neuromorphic computing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第1期96卷 94-102页

作者： Muhammad Ismail Umesh Chand Chandreswar Mahata Jamel Nebhen Sungjun Kim Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Dongguk UniversitySeoul 04620South Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj 11942Saudi Arabia

In this study,resistive random-access memory(RRAM)-based crossbar arrays with a memristor W/TiO_(2)/HfO_(2)/TaN structure were fabricated through atomic layer deposition(ALD)to investigate synaptic plasticity and resistive switching(RS)characteristics for bioinspired neuromorphic computing.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)was employed to explore oxygen vacancy concentrations in bilayer TiO_(2)/HfO_(2)*** fitting for O1s peaks confirmed that the HfO_(2)layer contained a larger number of oxygen vacancies than the TiO_(2)*** addition,HfO_(2)had lower Gibbs free energy(ΔG°=-1010.8 kJ/mol)than the TiO_(2)layer(ΔG°=-924.0 kJ/mol),resulting in more oxygen vacancies in the HfO_(2)*** results andΔG°magnitudes confirmed that formation/disruption of oxygen-based conductive filaments took place in the TiO_(2)*** W/TiO_(2)/HfO_(2)/TaN memristive device exhibited excellent and repeatable RS characteristics,including superb 10^(3) dc switching cycles,outstanding 107 pulse endurance,and high-thermal stability(10^(4) s at 125℃)important for digital computing ***,some essential biological synaptic characteristics such as potentiation-depression plasticity,paired-pulse facilitation(PPF),and spike-timing-dependent plasticity(STDP,asymmetric Hebbian and asymmetric anti-Hebbian)were successfully mimicked herein using the crossbar-array memristive *** on experimental results,a migration and diffusion of oxygen vacancy based physical model is proposed to describe the synaptic plasticity and RS *** study demonstrates that the proposed W/TiO_(2)/HfO_(2)/TaN memristor crossbar-array has a significant potential for applications in non-volatile memory(NVM)and bioinspired neuromorphic systems.

关键词： Resistive switching Crossbar-array memristive device Synaptic plasticity TiO_(2)/HfO_(2)film Oxygen vacancy

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Literature Survey on Face Recognition of Occluded Faces 7

Literature Survey on Face Recognition of Occluded Faces

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7th International Conference on Circuit Power and Computing Technologies, ICCPCT 2024

作者： Anil, J. Suresh, L. Padma Muthukumar, P. Krishna Veni, S.H. Asha, P. Prasad, Rajesh Nooral Islam Centre for Higher Education Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu Thuckalay India Baselios Mathews II College of Engineering Sasthamcotta Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Kerala Kollam690 520 India Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Tiruvallur Saveetha School of Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamilnadu Chennai602105 India Baselios Mathews II College of Engineering Sasthamcotta Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kerala Kollam690 520 India Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India Stella Mary's College of Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372816

In this paper, a study of the recent advancements in occluded face recognition is made. Recently, this has become very relevant due to the outburst of corona virus. Because of the seriousness of the spread of the disease, every person wore a mask, and it became challenging for automated systems to identify the person. So, it became the need of the hour to find new techniques for occluded face detection. In the years 2021 to 2022, many papers have been published in this regard. Researchers all over the world have contributed significantly towards occluded face recognition. Also, the advancement of deep learning has helped researchers a lot in implementing innovative techniques to deal with the challenges in face recognition, especially occluded faces, which is considered one of the most difficult challenges to overcome. This paper intends to push the limits further and encourage researchers to find more innovative techniques for occlusion-independent face recognition. In this paper, the recent publications in this field are studied. This paper gives an insight into different algorithms which use Convolutional Neural Networks, Deep Learning, Attention mechanism, Dictionary representation, Simultaneous segmentation, Joint segmentation and identification, etc., for occluded face detection and recognition. Incorporating these strategies in face recognition has substantially improved the recognition rate, specifically for occluded face recognition. Additionally, the databases for training occluded face recognition algorithms lack adequate data. This paper also gives an insight into the recent databases available for training occluded face recognition algorithms. Also, different methods for obtaining synthesised occluded faces are discussed. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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IoT-Assisted AI Framework for Preserving Biodiversity: Monitoring Rare Trees in Dynamic Forest Ecosystems

IoT-Assisted AI Framework for Preserving Biodiversity: Monit...

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2025 International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems for Collaborative Intelligence, ICMSCI 2025

作者： Rajan, K. Palanivel Raj, J. Relin Francis Krishnan, R. Santhana Balamuralikrishnan, G. Vidyasree, G. Jothi, J. Nirmal Psna College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dindigul India Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chennai India Scad College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Cheranmahadevi India Velammal College of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Madurai India Sri Sai Ranganathan Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Avadi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509828

The preservation of biodiversity, particularly the monitoring of rare tree species in dynamic forest ecosystems, presents significant challenges due to the complexities in detecting and analyzing forest changes. This research introduces a novel IoT -assisted AI framework, termed FoLiA-Net (Forest Lightweight Adaptive Network), designed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of monitoring rare trees. The proposed algorithm combines IoT sensor data with machine learning techniques to adaptively detect, classify, and track rare tree species across large and dynamically changing forest areas. The framework utilizes a lightweight neural network structure to ensure real-time processing while minimizing computational resources, making it suitable for deployment in resource-constrained environments. Simulation experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of FoLiA-Net in comparison with existing algorithms, including Faster R-CNN (F-R-CNN), Random Forest Classifier (RFC), and Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM). The evaluation was based on several key performance metrics such as accuracy, latency and detection efficiency. The results revealed that FoLiA-Net outperformed the existing algorithms in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency, demonstrating a notable improvement in the monitoring of rare tree species in diverse forest ecosystems. The proposed framework is particularly effective in large-scale forest monitoring, providing a valuable tool for biodiversity conservation efforts © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Biodiversity Forest Ecosystems Machine Learning Rare Trees Simulation Sustainability

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Design of Microcontroller Based Automated Diesel Level and Pump Control System for Efficient Pit Dewatering in Botswana Mines 4

Design of Microcontroller Based Automated Diesel Level and P...

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4th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing and Intelligent Information Systems, ICUIS 2024

作者： Kokoro, Abotle Tito Yahya, Abid Samikannu, Ravi Begam, K.Maruliya Meeradevi, T. Kaliappan, Vishnu Kumar Botswana International University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Communications Systems Engineering Palapye Botswana Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Thanjavur India Kongu Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Tamil Nadu Perundurai India Kpr Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529635

This paper proposes a novel strategy to address the difficulties encountered in Botswana's open-pit mine dewatering procedures. The conventional approach, which relies on labor-intensive manual labor and mechanical switching, is expensive, time-consuming, and present significant safety hazards. To overcome these limitations, this project proposes a multi-sensor network system that automates and optimizes the dewatering process and improve operational efficiency. The system integrates real-time sensor data to monitor fuel consumption and water levels in mining pits, enabling precise pump operation control. The system has two sets of sensors for data collection on fuel levels in the reserve and dewatering pump tank. Water level sensors are also used to monitor the water levels in the tank and turn the pump on or off based on predetermined thresholds. After receiving the sensor data, a microcontroller controls the entire process and shows the fuel levels and consumption on an LCD screen. The system's circuitry was designed and simulated using Proteus software, and the LCD successfully displayed measurements obtained from the sensors. When the sump level surpassed the predetermined threshold, a relay was energized to initiate the motor, thereby pumping out the water. Similarly, the tank level sensor (LV800) detected water levels exceeding 80% capacity, sending a signal to the microcontroller, which, in turn, energized the relay to activate the stage motor. The LCD also displayed readings from the temperature and current sensors. Simulation results indicate that the proposed sensor-based approach effectively monitors the condition of the pumps. At the same time, the microcontroller, in conjunction with the sensors, can adequately control the pump's operation during the dewatering process in the mining pit. This research demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of employing sensors and a microcontroller in managing and controlling dewatering pumps. By automating the

关键词： Open pit mining

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ForeScanGuard: Proactive Monitoring and Detection for Sustainable Forest Conservation 7

ForeScanGuard: Proactive Monitoring and Detection for Sustai...

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7th International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies, ICICT 2024

作者： Krishnan, R. Santhana Balamurugan, S. Rekha, M. Jose, R. Arul Haribabu, K. Muthu, A. Essaki Scad College of Engineering And Technology Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering Cheranmahadevi India Velammal College of Engineering And Technology Department of Mathematics Madurai India P.S.R.R College of Engineering Department of Computer Science And Engineering Sivakasi India RajaRajeswari College of Engineering Department of Electrical And Electronics Engineering Bangalore India Scad College of Engineering And Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Cheranmahadevi India Scad College of Engineering And Technology Department of Computer Science And Engineering Cheranmahadevi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359299

In response to the increasing environmental threats, ForeScanGuard emerges as a vital forest monitoring system. Integrating advanced sensors and a proactive anomaly detection algorithm, it employs a 5-channel fire sensor for early fire detection, ultrasonic and vibration sensors for identifying tree cutting activities, and a BMP120 sensor to confirm tree falls. GPS modules attached to trees allow real-time location tracking, transmitted via Wi-Fi to a cloud server. The ForeScanGuard Algorithm analyzes sensor data for anomalies like fire outbreaks, illegal logging, and tree falls. Its proactive alerts facilitate rapid responses from forest officials, ensuring effective forest management. ForeScanGuard, with multiple sensors and cloud-based analytics, represents a significant advancement in smart forest monitoring, promoting conservation efforts through real-time anomaly detection and informed decision-making. This comprehensive solution enhances ecosystem protection, fostering a sustainable and proactive approach to forest conservation. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deforestation

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Deep Transfer Learning Models for Mobile-Based Ocular Disorder Identification on Retinal Images

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 139-161页

作者： Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun Joseph Bamidele Awotunde Hakeem Babalola Akande Cheng-Chi Lee Agbotiname Lucky Imoize Department of Multimedia Engineering Kaunas University of TechnologyKaunas44249Lithuania Department of Computer Science Landmark UniversityOmu Aran251103Nigeria Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information and Communication SciencesUniversity of IlorinIlorin240003Nigeria Department of Telecommunication Science University of IlorinIlorin230003Nigeria Department of Library and Information Science Fu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei City24205TaiwanChina Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Fintech and Blockchain Research CenterAsia UniversityTaichung City41354TaiwanChina Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of LagosAkokaLagos100213Nigeria Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Institute of Digital CommunicationRuhr UniversityBochum44801Germany

Mobile technology is developing *** phone technologies have been integrated into the healthcare industry to help medical ***,computer vision models focus on image detection and classification ***2 is a computer vision model that performs well on mobile devices,but it requires cloud services to process biometric image information and provide predictions to *** leads to increased *** biometrics image datasets on mobile devices will make the prediction faster,but mobiles are resource-restricted devices in terms of storage,power,and computational ***,a model that is small in size,efficient,and has good prediction quality for biometrics image classification problems is *** pre-trained CNN(PCNN)MobileNetV2 architecture combined with a Support Vector Machine(SVM)compacts the model representation and reduces the computational cost and memory *** proposed novel approach combines quantized pre-trained CNN(PCNN)MobileNetV2 architecture with a Support Vector Machine(SVM)to represent models efficiently with low computational cost and *** contributions include evaluating three CNN models for ocular disease identification in transfer learning and deep feature plus SVM approaches,showing the superiority of deep features from MobileNetV2 and SVM classification models,comparing traditional methods,exploring six ocular diseases and normal classification with 20,111 images postdata augmentation,and reducing the number of trainable *** model is trained on ocular disorder retinal fundus image datasets according to the severity of six age-related macular degeneration(AMD),one of the most common eye illnesses,Cataract,Diabetes,Glaucoma,Hypertension,andMyopia with one class *** the experiment outcomes,it is observed that the suggested MobileNetV2-SVM model size is *** testing accuracy for MobileNetV2-SVM,InceptionV3,and MobileNetV2 is 90.11%,86.88%,a

关键词： Retinal images ocular disorder deep transfer learning disease identification mobile device

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AI-Enabled Smart Hybrid Energy Optimization Management System for Green Hydrogen-Based Islanded Microgrids 6

AI-Enabled Smart Hybrid Energy Optimization Management Syste...

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6th IEEE Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging Sciences Conference, NILES 2024

作者： Mohamed, Noor El-Deen M. El Zoghby, Helmy M. Abdelhakam, Mostafa M. Elmesalawy, Mahmoud M. Helwan University Faculty of Engineering Computer and Systems Engineering Department Cairo Egypt Helwan University Department of Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Cairo Egypt Helwan University Faculty of Engineering Electronics and Communications Engineering Department Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378511

Renewable hybrid energy systems are crucial for ensuring energy sustainability. This work presents an advanced control and management system for green hydrogen production, leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The system optimizes renewable energy utilization, improves hydrogen production efficiency, and ensures a reliable energy supply to meet varying demands. AI algorithms are used, including Random Forest, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to forecast photovoltaic (PV) energy production and load consumption. These models are integrated into a centralized control system that dynamically adjusts energy distribution between immediate consumption and hydrogen production. Using data from the Rye microgrid, the system's effectiveness is demonstrated in enhancing decision-making for energy management in small-scale islanded operations. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Clean energy

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