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Synthesis and characterization of folic acid-functionalized, doxorubicin-loaded magnetic nanoparticles as drug delivery system for cancer

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2536卷

作者： Prihartini Widiyanti Maria L. V. Theja Andi H. Zaidan Institute of Tropical Disease Universitas Airlangga Jl. Mulyorejo Surabaya Indonesia 60115. Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Jl. Mulyorejo Surabaya Indonesia 60115. Physics Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Jl. Mulyorejo Surabaya Indonesia 60115.

Cancer is one of the primary causes of death in the world and the prevalence in Indonesia reaches 1,4% per year. One method of the most developed cancer therapies right now is targeting drug delivery. Targeting drug delivery makes it possible for drugs to be delivered directly to the targeted cells and released once they reach the destination. The aim of this research is to develop a nanocarrier using folic acid-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles to improve the effectiveness of antitumor drugs for cancer therapy. The magnetic nanoparticles synthesis method used in this research is chemical synthesis. Chemical materials FeCl3 and FeCl2 are mixed with NH4OH until magnetic nanoparticles appear. The magnetic nanoparticles obtained are then coated using bovine serum albumin, loaded with the drug doxorubicin, and functionalized with folic acid. The characterization methods used are Brine Shrimp Lethal Test (BSLT), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and MTT Assay. The success of drug release test is performed using UV-Vis. The results of this research showed that the magnetic nanoparticles were non-toxic with no impurities, but had not passed the size requirement as a good nanocarrier. Drug release in acidic pH, which is 5.4, had the highest release rate, thus it would be suitable for cancer cells which have lower pH compared to normal cells. Cytotoxicity test using MTT Assay method with murine osteoblastic cell line MC3T3 cells showed quite high cell viability, so it will not affect normal tissues and cells. It can be concluded that folic acid-functionalized, doxorubicin-loaded magnetic nanoparticles have potential to be used as nanocarrier in drug delivery system.

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Android Based Heart-rate Monitoring System using ECG Sensor

Android Based Heart-rate Monitoring System using ECG Sensor

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International Conference on Sustainable engineering and Creative Computing (ICSECC)

作者： Rosalina Grace Selina Rila Mandala Faculty of Computing Information Technology Study Program President University Bekasi Indonesia School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728175898

This research aims to help the user monitor their heart’s condition and notify other people in case of an emergency due to an abnormal heartbeat (normal heartbeat around 60-100 beats per minute). From the heart rate graph, the user could do a consultation with an expert in the nearest hospital using a map feature that will show the nearest hospital with a 1 KM radius from the user’s current location. The heart is undeniably an essential part of the human body system. The heart's missions are to pump blood to the lungs to expel the waste carbon dioxide that resulted from the respiration and pump blood that will deliver oxygen throughout the human body's circulation system. While the blood that carries oxygen being pumped throughout the human body, the heart will provide the oxygen to all cells. Body cells need to use oxygen to get the energy from food through a process called cellular respiration. Monitoring our heartbeat and pulse rate can increase people’s awareness about their heart’s health, motivating, and encouraging people to maintain a healthy eating plan and exercise. This research will be implemented ECG Sensor. The sensor will then send the data to the android application via HC-06 Bluetooth module. Monitoring the heart rate and analyzing the user’s heartbeat will be done in the android with a microcontroller device's help.

关键词： Bluetooth Heart beat Hospitals Microcontrollers Lung Electrocardiography Biomedical monitoring

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Piecewise Polynomial Interpolation function approach for solving nonlinear programming problems with disjoint feasible regions: Mathematical proofs

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Pinheiro, Ricardo B.N.M. Balbo, Antonio R. Nepomuceno, Leonardo Post-graduate program in Electrical Engineering Engineering Faculty Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP Bauru–SP Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering in the Engineering Faculty Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP Bauru–SP Brazil Department of Mathematics Science Faculty Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP Bauru–SP Brazil

The Piecewise Polynomial Interpolation (PPI) function approach is aimed at solving nonlinear programming problems with disjoint feasible regions. In such problems, disjointedness is generally associated with prohibited operating zones, which correspond to bands of values that a variable is not allowed to assume. An analytical implication of such prohibited operating zones is to make the objective function, as well as its domain, discontinuous. The PPI function approach consists in replacing the constraints associated with prohibited operating zones by an equivalent set of equality and inequality constraints, thereby allowing the application of any efficient gradient-based optimization method for solving the equivalent problem. In this paper, we present the definition of the PPI function and provide the mathematical proofs for its properties. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Constraint theory

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The effect of fiber volume fraction on tensile and impact properties of eleusine indica grass reinforced polypropylene bio composite 1

The effect of fiber volume fraction on tensile and impact pr...

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1st International Conference on Design, Energy, Materials and Manufacture, ICDEMM 2018

作者： Lokantara, I.P. Suardana, N.P.G. Surata, I.W. Winaya, I.N.S. Doctoral Study Program of Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Kampus Sudirman Denpasar-Bali Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Udayana University Street of Bukit Jimbaran Bali Badung Indonesia

The purpose of this research was to investigate the tensile strength and impact strength of eleusine indica grass fiber-reinforced polypropylene recycle composite. In this study, the fiber was treated with alkali at 5% NaOH for 2 hours. The eleusine indica grass fiber cut with a length of 3 cm and the matrix used recycle polypropylene. In this research, the volume fraction of eleusine indica grass fiber varied by 20%, 25%, and 30% respectively. The composite molded with a hot press at temperature 200°C with a holding time for 2 hours. Tensile test used ASTM D3039 and impact test used ASTM D256. The highest tensile and impact strength results on fiber volume fraction 30%. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Polypropylenes

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Analyzing Diversity in Healthcare LLM Research: A Scientometric Perspective

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Restrepo, David Wu, Chenwei Vásquez-Venegas, Constanza Matos, João Gallifant, Jack Celi, Leo Anthony Bitterman, Danielle S. Nakayama, Luis Filipe Laboratory for Computational Physiology Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Departamento de Telematica Universidad del Cauca Cauca Popayán Colombia Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Scientific Image Analysis Lab Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Chile RM Santiago Chile Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Universidad de Concepción Biobio Concepción Chile Department of Biostatistics Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health BostonMA United States Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center BostonMA United States Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Program Mass General Brigham Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Department of Ophthalmology São Paulo Federal University São Paulo São Paulo Brazil

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare has demonstrated substantial potential for enhancing clinical decision-making, administrative efficiency, and patient outcomes. However, the underrepresentation of diverse groups in the development and application of these models can perpetuate biases, leading to inequitable healthcare delivery. This paper presents a comprehensive scientometric analysis of LLM research for healthcare, including data from January 1, 2021, to July 1, 2024. By analyzing metadata from PubMed and Dimensions, including author affiliations, countries, and funding sources, we assess the diversity of contributors to LLM research. Our findings highlight significant gender and geographic disparities, with a predominance of male authors and contributions primarily from high-income countries (HICs). We introduce a novel journal diversity index based on Gini diversity to measure the inclusiveness of scientific publications. Our results underscore the necessity for greater representation in order to ensure the equitable application of LLMs in healthcare. We propose actionable strategies to enhance diversity and inclusivity in artificial intelligence research, with the ultimate goal of fostering a more inclusive and equitable future in healthcare innovation. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Decision making

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A simple approach for curcumin extraction from turmeric roots

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2537卷 040016页

作者： Siti Fauziyah Rahman Adella Josephin Ridha Alviny Syakirah Grace Priscilla Nadia Wulandari Nurul Intan Yudan Whulanza Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia Research Center for Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

Turmeric, particularly its most active ingredient, curcumin, has a long list of scientifically documented health advantages, including the ability to boost heart health and protect against a variety of diseases. Curcumin is one of the most important active components in turmeric, with a wide range of bioactivity and medicinal uses. Preparing samples from biological components is a time-consuming and difficult operation. This study aims to understand the process of extracting curcumin from turmeric and to analyze the appropriate solvent for curcumin extraction. The method used is Soxhlet extraction with acetone and ethanol as solvents. The analysis of curcumin content was carried out using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the curcumin extracted with acetone solvent had a higher concentration than the extraction with ethanol. Therefore, extracting curcumin from turmeric using the Soxhlet method, acetone is a superior solvent than ethanol.

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Effects of slurry concentration and rotational speeds of drum drier to the characteristics of pregelatinized breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) flours 1

Effects of slurry concentration and rotational speeds of dru...

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1st International Conference on Mechanical Electronic and Biosystem engineering, MEBSE 2018

作者： Sunarti, T.C. Sinaga, W.S.L. Pandji, C. Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology Bogor Agricultural University Indonesia Program Study of Food Science Faculty of Science and Technology University of Pelita Harapan Tangerang Indonesia

Breadfruit is one alternative carbohydrate source in Indonesia. However, breadfruit is seasonal and climacteric crops;it should be processed immediately to produce flour. Native breadfruit flour has many limitations since it is difficult to be solubilized and swollen in cold water. The flour is modified physically by pregelatinization to improve its properties. Pragelatinized breadfruit flour can be used as instant food, porridge, and baby food. This research is aimed to investigate the effect of slurry concentration (20 and 30%) of native breadfruit flour and rotational speeds (4, 6 and 8 rpm) of double drum drier to the chemical composition and physico-chemical properties of the pregelatinized flours. The results showed that pregelatinization did not influence to the chemical composition. Pregelatinization of the flour improved the water solubility and swelling power on room (30°C) and hot (70°C) solutions, reduced the freeze-thaw stability, caused partial gelatinization which is monitored by losing the birefringence of starch granule, and darkened the flour. The pregelatinization also reduced the gelatinization temperature and had low final viscosity. Low concentration of slurry and low rotation speed of drum increased the gelatinized part of the flour, which is influenced to the cold and hot water solubility. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Solubility

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Index Risk of Sanitation (IRS) Modeling to Determine Domestic Waste Water System 1

Index Risk of Sanitation (IRS) Modeling to Determine Domesti...

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1st International Conference on Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Its Application in science, Technology, engineering, Education, and Mathematics, ICSTEEM 2019 and 3rd Global Research on Sustainable Transport and Logistics, Grostlog 2019

作者： Rooslan Edy Santosa, Florianus Dwi Atmoko, Arief Arifin, Bustomi Narotama University Department of Civil Engineering Surabaya Jawa Timur60117 Indonesia Narotama University Department of Law Surabaya Jawa Timur60117 Indonesia Program Study of Law Faculty of Law Narotama University Narotama University Department of Education and Science Surabaya Jawa Timur60117 Indonesia

Indonesian government through National Medium Development Term Plan (2015-2019) aims 100% easy access of clean and fresh drink water, and 100% decent access of sanitation. The present study aims to determine index risk of sanitation modeling (IRS) of domestic waste water as an effort in achieving the target of Universal Access 2020. Discriminants that resulted from the present study are: Z1 = -41.86 - (1,16*IRS) + (0,07*PM) + (0,16*PP) + (0,11*PWM) dan Z2 = 6.74 + (1,54*IRS) + (0,01*PM) + (0,21*PP) - (0,26*PWM) in which it is used to determine domestic waste water system. Variables that influence this system are index risk of sanitation (IRS), female participant (PP), poor people (PWM), and beneficiary (PM). When the equation mentioned above is applied into 154 districts in Surabaya, the result will be as follow: 1) Based on Domestic Waste Water System there are 57 districts (37,01%) that can be included into communal system, 31 (20,13%) districts are included into domestic IPAL system and 66 districts (42,86%) are included into combination between communal and IPAL system. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Pulse width modulation

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Tools and Strategy for Distance Learning to Respond COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

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Ingenierie des Systemes d'Information 2020年第3期25卷 383-390页

作者： Utomo, Muhammad Nur Yasir Sudaryanto, Memet Saddhono, Kundharu Computer and Network Engineering Study Program Department of Electrical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang Makassar90245 Indonesia Faculty of Teacher and Training Graduate School of Javanese Language and Literature Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta57126 Indonesia

Distance learning is a learning process that allows students and instructors are in different physical locations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, various countries including Indonesia chose the distance learning option to avoid the spread of the pandemic. However, the implementation of distance learning is not without problems. In Indonesia, the problems to implement distance learning are enormous both in terms of equitable distribution of infrastructure and costs for accessing the internet. To overcome these problems, research about best distance learning tools and its implementation strategy is really needed. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the strategies and tools for implementing distance learning that reliable and cost-effective for the student at the same time. Based on research that has been conducted by analyzing questionnaire surveys of 256 students in Indonesia, this research recommends tools combination strategy consists of Google Classroom tool as a learning app, Whatsapp group as broadcast messaging and Zoom as a video conference media for distance learning. This research also recommended to maximize the e-learning/learning app features for theoretical lessons and consider video conference just in practical lessons so that the distance learning costs become cheaper for students. © 2020 International Information and engineering Technology Association. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Textural characteristics of activated carbons derived from tabah bamboo manufactured by using H 3 PO 4 chemical activation

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 22卷 148-155页

作者： Dewa Ngakan Ketut Putra Negara Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia I Wayan Surata Fadjar Hidajat Made Sucipta Doctoral Study Program of Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Bali-80234 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering of Udayana University Jimbaran Badung Bali-80362 Indonesia PPPTMGB “Lemigas” Jl. Ciledug Raya Kav. 109 Jakarta Selatan 12230 Indonesia

Activated carbon utilization in a different application requires a specific characteristic. Textural characteristics such as pore volume (V P ), surface area (S A ), pore diameter (D P ) and pore size distribution (PSDs) have an important effect on the quality and utility of activated carbon. Such characteristics are attributed to the activated carbon adsorption capacity. This research is concerned to investigate the textural properties of activated carbons derived from tabah bamboo ( Gigantochloa nigrociliata ) which are chemically activated using H 3 PO 4 activating agent. Carbonization was carried out up to 800 O C for 1.5 hours. Activations were set up to 820 O C for each 50, 100 and 150 minutes. The activated carbons produced are expressed as AC-50min, AC-100min, and AC-150min each for activation during 50, 100, and 150 minutes. The results of the research show that the higher activation time produced activated carbons with higher pore volume and wider average pore diameter but no pattern was observed on the surface area. The highest surface area of 398.400 m 2 /g and the highest pore volume of 0.680 cc/g were achieved by AC-100min and AC-150min activated carbons, respectively. The highest N 2 adsorption capacity of 48.743 cc/g was achieved on the activated carbon of AC-150min. AC-50min, AC-100min, and AC-150min have average pore diameters, respectively, around of 1.258 nm, 1.750 nm, and 3.950 nm. AC-50min and AC-100min produced pores with a monomodal pore size distribution and a bimodal pore size distribution was found on AC-150min

关键词： Activated carbon bamboo chemical activation adsorption textural characteristic

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