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Asian Control Conference

作者： Imron Rosyadi Yul Yunazwin Nazaruddin Parsaulian Ishaya Siregar Doctoral Program of Engineering Physics Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Electrical Engineering Department Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto Indonesia Department of Engineering Physics Instrumentation and Control Research Group Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia National Center for Sustainable Transporation Technology CRCS Building 2nd Floor Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9789887581598

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540845

This paper explores the integration of Digital Twin (DT) technology and machine learning (ML) techniques for predictive maintenance in electric vehicles (EVs), particularly focusing on fault diagnosis in electric motors (EMs). DT technology, which creates a digital replica of a physical entity, combined with real-time sensor data analytics, offers significant potential for improving the reliability and operational efficiency of EMs under variable and intense conditions. By incorporating advanced ML models like Transformers, which are adept at capturing long-range dependencies, into the DT framework, the study addresses critical challenges in fault diagnosis under non-stationary conditions typical in EVs. The research introduces a novel approach that combines Transformers with convolutional layers to enhance the fault diagnosis capabilities by effectively capturing complex patterns in time-series data. Furthermore, incremental learning is proposed within the DT framework to adapt to evolving environments and maintain high diagnostic performance, aiming for domain invariance in fault diagnosis models. The paper evaluates various deep learning models, including Transformers, FCNs, CNNs, Inception, ResNet, and MLP, across metrics such as accuracy, training duration, and inference time, identifying CNNs and FCNs as optimal due to their balance between performance and processing time. This study not only demonstrates the feasibility of advanced ML techniques in enhancing DT-based fault diagnosis but also provides insights into selecting appropriate models for predictive maintenance applications in EVs, highlighting the potential for future research in adapting these technologies to different datasets and operational scenarios.

关键词： Fault diagnosis Deep learning Training Adaptation models Accuracy Transformers Digital twins

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A Study on Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator for Interior Sound Control System of the Ultra-Compact Mobility: Fundamental Consideration on Formation of the Giant Magnetostrictive Phases Depending on Heat Treatment Condition

A Study on Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator for Interior Soun...

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International Conference on electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS)

作者： Taro Kato Ryusei Naganuma Koki Bando Kentaro Sawada Wu Wenbao Ikkei Kobayashi Jumpei Kuroda Daigo Uchino Kazuki Ogawa Keigo Ikeda Ayato Endo Hideaki Kato Takayoshi Narita Mitusaki Furui Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University of Technology Hachioji-shi Tokyo Japan Sustainable Engineering Program Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo University of Technology Hachioji-shi Tokyo Japan Course of Mechanical Engineering Tokai University Hiratsuka-shi Kanagawa Japan Course of Science and Technology Tokai University Hiratsuka-shi Kanagawa Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology (KOSEN) Numazu College Numazu-shi Shizuoka Japan Department of Electronic Robotics Aichi University of Technology Gamagori-shi Aichi Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Hokkaido University of Science Sapporo Hokkaido Japan Department of Electrical Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology Fukuoka-shi Fukuoka Japan Department of Mechanical System Engineering Tokai University Hiratsuka-shi Kanagawa Japan

ISBN: (数字)9784886864406

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379105

An active noise control system using giant magnetostrictive actuator has been proposed as a countermeasure for interior noise of the ultra-compact mobilities, which is a new transportation tools. In this paper, as basic research toward the development of the proposed giant magnetostrictive actuator for active noise control, we conduct experiments on the material properties when terbium, dysprosium, and iron powder, which make up the giant magnetostrictive material, are mixed and the heat treatment conditions are changed. In this study, the heat treatment temperature was varied from $800^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ to $1100^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ in $100^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ incrementsbased on the equilibrium state temperature of each material, and the heat treatment time was set in 30-minute increments from 1 hour to 3 hours. As a result, TbFe2 was confirmed after heat treatment at an electric furnace temperature of $1000^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ for 3 hours, although its strength was insufficient.

关键词： Actuators Heat treatment Powders Temperature Magnetostriction Noise Terbium Iron Resistance heating Material properties

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Meaningful human control: actionable properties for AI system development

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AI and Ethics 2022年第1期3卷 241-255页

作者： Cavalcante Siebert, Luciano Lupetti, Maria Luce Aizenberg, Evgeni Beckers, Niek Zgonnikov, Arkady Veluwenkamp, Herman Abbink, David Giaccardi, Elisa Houben, Geert-Jan Jonker, Catholijn M. van den Hoven, Jeroen Forster, Deborah Lagendijk, Reginald L. AiTech Interdisciplinary Research Program on Meaningful Human Control Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands Faculty of Mechanical Maritime and Materials Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands Faculty of Technology Policy and Management Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

How can humans remain in control of artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems designed to perform tasks autonomously? Such systems are increasingly ubiquitous, creating benefits - but also undesirable situations where moral responsibility for their actions cannot be properly attributed to any particular person or group. The concept of meaningful human control has been proposed to address responsibility gaps and mitigate them by establishing conditions that enable a proper attribution of responsibility for humans; however, clear requirements for researchers, designers, and engineers are yet inexistent, making the development of AI-based systems that remain under meaningful human control challenging. In this paper, we address the gap between philosophical theory and engineering practice by identifying, through an iterative process of abductive thinking, four actionable properties for AI-based systems under meaningful human control, which we discuss making use of two applications scenarios: automated vehicles and AI-based hiring. First, a system in which humans and AI algorithms interact should have an explicitly defined domain of morally loaded situations within which the system ought to operate. Second, humans and AI agents within the system should have appropriate and mutually compatible representations. Third, responsibility attributed to a human should be commensurate with that human’s ability and authority to control the system. Fourth, there should be explicit links between the actions of the AI agents and actions of humans who are aware of their moral responsibility. We argue that these four properties will support practically minded professionals to take concrete steps toward designing and engineering for AI systems that facilitate meaningful human control.

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Ga2O3 nanorods synthesized by hydrothermal method for dual-functional sensing of pH value and glucose

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Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 2023年 363卷

作者： Chou, Hsin-Yu Yadlapalli, Bharath Kumar Yen, Chao-Chun Singh, Anoop Kumar Chiang, Jung-Lung Wuu, Dong-Sing Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung40227 Taiwan Ph.D. Program Prospective Technology of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411030 Taiwan Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou54561 Taiwan

In this work, hydrothermal (HT)-synthesized gallium oxide (Ga2O3) nanorods were applied on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates to create a dual-functional pH-glucose sensing device. Extended-gate field-effect transistors (EGFETs) were designed for pH and glucose sensing, and the response to pH levels ranging from 1 to 11 was tested using both chemical bath deposition (CBD) and high-pressure hydrothermal methods. Two sensor configurations, Ga2O3(CBD)/ITO/glass and Ga2O3(HT)/ITO/glass, were immersed in solution pH1 to 11 and cultured medium for hydrogen ion and glucose sensing. The results demonstrated that, for pH sensing in different samples, both IDS-VDS analysis and IDS-VGS analysis showed superior linearity and sensitivity with the HT method. For glucose detection, the HT method was selected for further experiments due to its maintained concentration-dependent relationship and selectivity towards various common sugars. When using culture medium DMEM as the sample (4.5 mg/ml glucose concentration), the accuracy of glucose estimation reached 99%. Stability and biocompatibility tests were also conducted, and the results indicated consistent performance. In summary, the HT-synthesized Ga2O3 nanorods exhibited high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability without affecting cell growth. Therefore, they hold great potential for applications not only in general blood glucose sensing but also in studying cell microenvironment metabolism. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Nanorods

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Morphological Investigation and Ph Sensing Properties of β-Ga2O3 Egfet-Ph Sensor

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wuu, Dong-Sing Yadlapalli, Bharath Kumar Chou, Hsin-Yu Chiang, Jung-Lung Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung40227 Taiwan Ph.D. Program Prospective Technology of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411030 Taiwan Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou54561 Taiwan

In our study, β-Ga2O3 particles of various morphologies deposited on FTO glass substrates through hydrothermal method under different pH conditions and pre-stirring temperatures. The particles examined using XRD, FESEM, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy instruments. The results showed that the β-Ga2O3 microrods prepared with pH=3.15 solution at different pre-stirring temperatures followed by hydrothermal reaction had several crystalline orientations ([−401], [002], [403]). The FTIR and Raman spectra measurements confirmed the existence of Ga−O−Ga and Ga−OH bending modes. In the range of pH=3-11, the EGFET-pH sensor prepared with β-Ga2O3 microrods shown a high current-pH sensitivity of 0.541 (mA)1/2 /pH with a linearity of 97.83 % and a high voltage-pH sensitivity of 73.99 mV/pH with linearity of 96.85 %. These results suggest that β-Ga2O3 microrods have pH sensitivity higher than the ideal Nernstian response. This confirms the use of β-Ga2O3 microrods as a sensing membrane in high-performance pH sensors or biosensors. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gallium compounds

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Broadband Beamforming via Frequency Invariance Transformation and PARAFAC Decomposition for Jamming Mitigation in V2X Scenarios

Broadband Beamforming via Frequency Invariance Transformatio...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular technology (VTC)

作者： Daniel V. de Lima João Paulo J. da Costa Antonio Arlis S. da Silva Giovanni A. Santos José Alfredo R. Vargas Auzuir R. de Alexandria Postgraduate Program in Telecommunications Engineering (PPGET) IFCE Fortaleza Brazil Hamm-Lippstadt University of Applied Sciences (HSHL) Lippstadt Germany Graduate School for Applied Research in North Rhine-Westphalia (PKNRW) Bochum Germany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Gennany Graduate Program in Computing (PPGC) UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering UnB Brasilia Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350387414

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387421

Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication can considerably improve the efficiency and safety of autonomous driving and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADASs). However, V2X communication can be considerably degraded in the presence of cyberattacks, such as radio jamming. Traditionally, beamforming techniques can be applied to increase the signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR). This paper evaluates broadband beamforming in the mmWave spectrum against radio jamming in V2X communication. The exploitation of the mm Wave spectrum in 5G-V2X communication has a natural advantage against radio jamming. First, attenuation is stronger in the mmWave spectrum in the range of 40 GHz or higher than in the traditional 5.9 GHz. Second, to generate broadband radio jamming, the radio jammer requires much more complex hardware and energy consumption. Third, by using broadband beamforming, broadband radio jamming can be considerably attenuated, limiting the degradation of the spectrum by the radio jamming. According to our numerical results, gains of close to 30 dB SINR can be achieved. We propose a broad-band beamforming technique based on the canonical polyadic decomposition via generalized eigenvalue decomposition (CPD-GEVD). The CPD-GEVD broadband beamforming outperforms state-of-the-art beamforming algorithms in most V2X scenarios presented in this paper.

关键词： Vehicular and wireless technologies Array signal processing Interference Attenuation Broadband communication Jamming Millimeter wave communication

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Electronic and Structural Insights into Boron Nitride Counterparts of Net-(Y,W)

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Lima, Kleuton Antunes Lopes dos Santos, Emanuel José Alexandrino de Mendonça, Fábio Lúcio Lopes da Silva, Daniel Alves Giozza, William Ferreira Ribeiro, Luiz Antonio Institute of Physics University of Brasília Brasília70910-900 Brazil Computational Materials Laboratory LCCMat Institute of Physics University of Brasília Brasília70910-900 Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technology University of Brasília Brasília Brazil Professional Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering - PPEE University of Brasília Brasília Brazil

Computational materials play a crucial role in comprehending various material classes and their properties, offering valuable insights for predicting novel structures and complementing experimental approaches. Net-(C,Y,W) has emerged as stable two-dimensional carbon allotropes of 4-6-8 carbon rings within this framework. This study uses density functional theory calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to explore the structural, electronic, optical, and mechanical properties of their boron nitride counterparts, named NetBN-W and NetBN-Y, with NetBN-C already investigated. The electronic analysis reveals an insulating characteristic for NetBN-W and a potential wide band gap semiconducting nature for NetBN-Y, with values of 5.12 eV and 3.71 eV, respectively. Optical properties examination indicates UV activity for these materials, accompanied by optical anisotropy between the x and y directions. Evaluation of mechanical properties also uncovers significant anisotropy in both materials, with Young's moduli reaching 417.58 GPa for NetBN-W and 433.31 GPa for NetBN-Y when stretched in the y-direction of the basal plane. The nearly zero Young's modulus for NetBN-Y in the x-direction signifies its substantial instability under tension due to nitrogen bonds parallel to the strain direction. These findings offer valuable insights into the fundamental properties of NetBN-W and NetBN-Y and their potential applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Gate Stack engineering in n-type (−201) $\upbeta-\text{Ga}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}$ Transistors

Gate Stack Engineering in n-type (−201) $\upbeta-\text{Ga}_...

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International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)

作者： Vishal Khandelwal Saravanan Yuvaraja Chuanju Wang Dhanu Chettri Xiaohang Li Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Program CEMSE division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

A systematic study of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 dielectric on p-Ga2O3 is carried out including the effect of the forming gas annealing. Capacitance-voltage (C-V) curve of the Al 2 O 3 /Ga 2 O 3 gate stack shows a large hysteresis and sweep-to-sweep C-V shift compared to SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 /Ga 2 O 3 case, which suggests SiO2 interlayer reduces the defect density in Al 2 O 3 /Ga 2 O 3 gate stack. In addition, forming gas annealing further suppresses the interface and border traps density in both Al 2 O 3 /Ga 2 O 3 and SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 /Ga 2 O 3 gate stacks. A thin film transistor (TFT) with annealed SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 dielectric has an on-off ratio of ~106, a subthreshold swing (SS) of ~ 0.75 V/decade, and a hysteresis width $(\mathrm{V}_{\text{Hy}})$ of~ 0.5 V compared to an on-off ratio of~105, a SS of ~1.2 V/decade, and a VHy of ~2 V in the controlled TFT with unannealed Al 2 O 3 dielectric. The increased on-off ratio by one order, reduced SS by > 400 mV/decade, and $\mathrm{V}_{\text{Hy}}$ by >1.5 V is attributed to decreased interface and border traps in annealed SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 compared to unannealed Al 2 O 3 /Ga 2 O 3 gate stack. Interface trap density is calculated by $\mathbf{V}_{\text{Hy}}$ of the transistor, which showed a five-time reduction in annealed SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 /Ga 2 O 3 compared to the unannealed A;2O3/Ga 2 O 3 gate stack. This study suggests that annealed SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 dielectric stack is promising for $\boldsymbol{\upbeta}-\text{Ga}_2 \mathrm{O}_3$ transistors.

关键词： Silicon compounds Electron traps Annealing Capacitance-voltage characteristics Logic gates Dielectrics Thin film transistors

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Microstructuring of cobalt (Co) thin films by UV laser irradiation

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Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing 2023年第12期129卷 864-864页

作者： Itapu, Srikanth Borra, Vamsi Selvendran, S. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Alliance University Chandapura-Anekal Road Bengaluru562106 India Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Rayen College of Engineering Youngstown State University 1 University Plaza YoungstownOH44555 United States Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Kelambakam-Vandaloor Road Chennai600127 India

This work reports the microstructuring of cobalt (Co) thin films by high-energy UV pulsed laser irradiation. The parameters responsible for the efficient formation of such microstructures include laser fluence and film parameters. Cracks and island formations were observed for Co thin films deposited by RF sputtering. Such rough films rendered to produce inefficient microstructuring. To overcome this limitation, Co thin films were deposited by vacuum evaporation resulting in a smooth thin film compatible for laser-induced microstructuring. Two stages of conical patterning are discussed in terms of localized melting and abrupt condensation of the melted Co film owing to laser irradiation. An efficiency of 90% for laser-based microstructuring suggests that it is an efficient and non-invasive technique for fabricating nanostructures. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Vacuum evaporation

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MBSE Approach to Early Naval Ship Design Exploration with Power Electronic Power Distribution System in Power and Energy Corridors

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IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification 2025年

作者： Cuzner, Robert Chalfant, Julie Gross, David Shabani, Hamed Ali, Naqash Steurer, Mischa University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Department of Electrical Engineering MilwaukeeWI53211 United States Design Laboratory of the MIT Sea Grant College Program Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Florida State University Center for Advanced Power Systems TallahasseeFL32310 United States

The concept development of any system includes the definition of various parameters of interest and determination of the threshold (satisfactory) and goal (desired) value for each. These are classically organized into Measures of Effectiveness, Measures of Performance (MOPs), & Technical Performance Measures (TPMs). These form the basis of performance requirements, the means for evaluating design, and the measure by which systems are validated. A cross-cutting sub-set of MOPs and TPMs, Key Performance Parameters (KPPs) can define the trade space within which to optimize the emerging solution. Applying this systematic approach is substantially complicated when the system of interest aims for unprecedented capabilities from emerging technologies, which is the situation for electric ship research. This paper presents an Integration Framework that effectively maps out a process leading to defined parameter objectives, which is being developed and used in the U.S. Department of Navy sponsored Power Electronic Power Distribution System (PEPDS) research initiative. The method then integrates the Model-Based Systems engineering (MBSE) system model with genetic algorithm trade space exploration tools. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Warships

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