In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL)-based controller design methods have emerged as a powerful alternatives to traditional methods, providing a novel paradigm that overcomes limitations associated with the ne...
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Privacy-preserving k-nearest neighbor (PPkNN) classification for multiple clouds enables categorizing queried data into a class in keeping with data privacy, where the database and key servers jointly perform cryptogr...
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In this paper, a new block diagonal chaotic model (BDC) is investigated due to higher necessity of advanced secure data transmission method in wireless medium and considerable limitation on computational storage space...
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Modern automobiles are equipped with connectivity features to enhance the user's *** is one such communication technology that is used to pair a personal device with an automotive infotainment *** pairing,the user...
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Modern automobiles are equipped with connectivity features to enhance the user's *** is one such communication technology that is used to pair a personal device with an automotive infotainment *** pairing,the user could access the personal information on the phone through the automotive head unit with minimum distraction while ***,such connectivity introduces a possibility for privacy ***,performing an in-depth analysis of the system with privacy constraints is extremely important to prevent unauthorized access to personal *** this work,we perform a systematic analysis of the Bluetooth network of an automotive infotainment unit to exploit security and privacy-related *** model the identifed threat with respect to privacy constraints of the system,emphasize the severity of attacks through a standardized rating metric and then provide potential countermeasures to prevent the *** perform System Theoretic Process Analysis for Privacy as a part of the systematic analysis and use the Common Vulnerability Scoring System to derive attack *** identifed vulnerabilities are due to design flaws and assumptions on Bluetooth protocol implementation on automotive infotainment *** then elicit the vulnerability by performing a privacy attack on the Automotive system in an actual *** use Android Open-Source Project to report our findings and propose defense strategies.
While spin-orbit interaction has been extensively studied,few investigations have reported on the interaction between orbital angular momenta(OAMs).In this work,we study a new type of orbit-orbit coupling between the ...
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While spin-orbit interaction has been extensively studied,few investigations have reported on the interaction between orbital angular momenta(OAMs).In this work,we study a new type of orbit-orbit coupling between the longitudinal OAM and the transverse OAM carried by a three-dimensional(3D)spatiotemporal optical vortex(STOV)in the process of tight *** 3D STOV possesses orthogonal OAMs in the x-y,t-x,and y-t planes,and is preconditioned to overcome the spatiotemporal astigmatism effect.x,y,and t are the axes in the spatiotemporal *** corresponding focused wavepacket is calculated by employing the Debye diffraction theory,showing that a phase singularity ring is generated by the interactions among the transverse and longitudinal vortices in the highly confined *** Fourier-transform decomposition of the Debye integral is employed to analyze the mechanism of the orbit-orbit *** is the first revelation of coupling between the longitudinal OAM and the transverse OAM,paving the way for potential applications in optical trapping,laser machining,nonlinear light-matter interactions,and more.
Assistive lower limb exoskeleton robot has been developed to help paraplegic patients walk again.A gait planning method of this robot must be able to plan a gait based on gait parameters,which can be changed during th...
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Assistive lower limb exoskeleton robot has been developed to help paraplegic patients walk again.A gait planning method of this robot must be able to plan a gait based on gait parameters,which can be changed during the stride according to human intention or walking *** gait is usually planned in cartesian space,which has shortcomings such as singularities that may occur in inverse kinematics equations,and the angular velocity of the joints cannot be entered into the ***,it is vital to have a gait planning method in the joint *** this paper,a minimum-time and minimum-jerk planner is proposed for the robot *** do so,a third-order system is defined,and the cost function is introduced to minimize the jerk of the joints throughout the *** minimum time required is calculated to keep the angular velocity trajectory within the range specified by the motor’s maximum *** conditions of the joints are determined to secure backward balance and fulfill gait ***,the proposed gait planning method is tested by its implementation on the Exoped®exoskeleton.
Multiagent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) plays a pivotal role in intelligent vehicle systems, offering solutions for complex decision-making, coordination, and adaptive behavior among autonomous agents. This review ai...
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Multiagent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) plays a pivotal role in intelligent vehicle systems, offering solutions for complex decision-making, coordination, and adaptive behavior among autonomous agents. This review aims to highlight the importance of fostering trust in MARL and emphasize the significance of MARL in revolutionizing intelligent vehicle systems. First, this paper summarizes the fundamental methods of MARL. Second, it identifies the limitations of MARL in safety, robustness, generalization, and ethical constraints and outlines the corresponding research methods. Then we summarize their applications in intelligent vehicle systems. Considering human interaction is essential to practical applications of MARL in various domains, the paper also analyzes the challenges associated with MARL's applications in human-machine systems. These challenges, when overcome, could significantly enhance the real-world implementation of MARL-based intelligent vehicle systems. IEEE
Power line communication (PLC) systems enable information exchange over existing electric power grids at a low deployment cost. Such systems constitute a crucial component of smart grids. However, PLC is negatively af...
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Hydrocephalus is characterized by the accumulation of excess cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)in the cranium due to an imbalance between production and absorption of *** standard treatment involves the implantation of a shunt ...
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Hydrocephalus is characterized by the accumulation of excess cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)in the cranium due to an imbalance between production and absorption of *** standard treatment involves the implantation of a shunt to divert excess CSF into the peritoneal cavity,but these shunts exhibit high failure rates over *** pursuit of improved reliability and performance,this study proposes a miniaturized valve designed to mimic the natural one-way valve function of the arachnoid granulations and thereby replace the shunts.A benchtop testing setup was employed to characterize the behavior of the fabricated ***,an animal study was conducted to assess the valve’s in vivo *** involved the injection of saline into the lateral ventricle to elevate intracranial pressure(ICP),followed by the drainage of the saline through the valve inserted into the cisterna magna(CM)to reduce *** prototype features a silicone duckbill valve design combined with a silicone tube as an *** benchtop testing,the valve exhibited unidirectional flow with negligible reverse leakage,revealing that critical parameters such as the width of the fluid channel(W)and bill length(L)could be controlled to optimize valve ***,the valve configuration with W=0.8mm and L<0.5mm achieved the lowest cracking pressure(2.22±0.07 mmHg)and outflow resistance(22.00±0.70 mmHg/mL/min)within the low cracking pressure range of conventional *** observations of the in vivo test demonstrated that when untreated states,pressure differences from baseline to peak exceeded 20 mmHg due to the absence of drainage,resulting in sustained pressure ***,upon treating states by removing the clamp,pressure differences from baseline to peak remained below 5 mmHg,indicating effective drainage of injected saline through the *** promising results highlight the potential of the miniaturized duckbill valve as an alternative for ICP management in hydr
Two types of Fe-based nanocrystalline powder composite magnetic core for tens of MHz were fabricated and applied to the planar power inductor. One was Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu-C spherical fine powder composite magnetic core for ...
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