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24th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2024

作者： Xu, Yuwei Zeng, Junyu Cao, Jie Dai, Shengjiang Xiang, Qiao Cheng, Guang School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China Purple Mountain Laboratories for Network and Communication Security Nanjing China Engineering Research Center of Blockchain Application Supervision and Management Nanjing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen’s University Kingston Canada School of Informatics Xiamen University Xiamen China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819615414

Consortium blockchains, with their decentralized characteristics, have found widespread applications across various industries. However, this also forms isolated data islands. These data islands have become obstacles to data sharing between industries, and the issue of cross-chain data consistency verification remains unresolved. Current mainstream cross-chain technologies solve asset transfer issues through complex transaction steps, thus failing to meet the need for efficient data transmission. Existing research has proposed solutions for cross-chain data consistency verification, but two major issues remain. Firstly, these schemes do not consider data changes or support data dynamic operations. Secondly, these schemes involve a significant amount of complex computations, leading to slow efficiency. To address the above issues, we propose DataJudge, a cross-chain data consistency verification scheme based on an extended Merkle hash tree. This scheme not only verifies cross-chain data consistency but also effectively fills the gap in existing schemes regarding dynamic operations. Additionally, we modify the paillier homomorphic encryption. To improve efficiency, we do not introduce many complex computations. Furthermore, the extended Merkle hash tree structure enhances efficiency. Finally, we implement a prototype system and evaluate it. The results demonstrate that DataJudge can effectively verify cross-chain data consistency and outperform existing schemes such as DCIV and BeDCV. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Data consistency

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Exploring Immersive Virtual Reality in Higher Education: Research Gap and Future Direction -A Scoping Review

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 76308-76321页

作者： Sunardi Meyliana Hendric, Spits Warnars Leslie Harco Rosmansyah, Yusep Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Information System Department School of Information System Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bandung Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Bandung40132 Indonesia

The rapid advancement of technology in the post-COVID-19 era has positioned immersive learning as a transformative approach to enhance educational experiences. Despite its vast potential, recent research developments reveal persistent challenges and gaps that impede widespread adoption. This study conducts a scoping review using the PRISMA methodology to systematically analyze current literature, identify research gaps, seek the challenge, and propose future research directions. From an initial pool of 414 papers, 75 were selected, comprising 60 research studies and 15 review papers. Notably, 55 studies focus on immersive virtual reality (IVR) purely for educational enhancement in traditional academic settings, while 20 explore the implementation of IVR in education with gaming activities. The analysis indicates a predominance of mixed-methods research within education, computer engineering, and computer science. Most studies are limited by short durations (typically 30 minutes) and small participant groups (under 50), raising concerns about the generalizability of findings. Key themes identified include learning context (21 papers), learning design strategies (10 papers), and immersion elements such as avatars and haptic feedback (six papers). While positive impacts like increased satisfaction, motivation, engagement, knowledge enhancement, and usability are reported, negative effects such as motion sickness (13 papers) and dizziness (11 papers) persist. Crucially, only 11 studies exhibit high statistical power, underscoring the need for more robust research designs. Challenges identified encompass participant limitations, homogeneity, user discomfort, hardware unfamiliarity, and cognitive load - all intricately linked to design strategies. The implications of this review highlight the necessity for future research to focus on long-term studies, optimize user experience, develop cost-effective content creation methods, and integrate gamification into learning desig

关键词： engineering education

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Design of mmWave Broadband Rotary Joint and 360° Beam-Steering Rotenna Based on Gap Waveguide Technology

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IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 2025年

作者： Farahbakhsh, Ali Zarifi, Davood Mrozowski, Michal Gdansk University of Technology Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics Department of Microwave and Antenna Engineering Gdansk80-233 Poland Graduate University of Advanced Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kerman Iran University of Kashan School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kashan Iran

This work presents the design and fabrication of a groove gap waveguide-based rotary joint and a rotenna (rotary antenna) with 360° mechanical beam-steering for wideband mmWave applications. The proposed rotary joint incorporates two WR-22 to groove gap waveguide transitions, connected back-to-back with an innovative transformer. A key advantage of gap waveguide technology is its ability to operate without physical contact between the rotary joint's components, allowing the rotor to rotate freely near the stator with an air gap, while wave leakage is suppressed. By replacing common coaxial connectors with standard waveguide flanges and introducing a novel transformer between the rotor and stator, we have successfully developed a wideband rotary joint suitable for mmWaves. To demonstrate the practical applicability of this concept, we designed a rotenna with 360° mechanical beam-steering. This design addresses the common limitations of electronically steerable antennas, such as limited steering range, gain degradation, and high cost and complexity. To validate the concept, prototypes of the proposed rotary joint and rotenna were fabricated and measured. The measured and simulated results show good agreement. The rotary joint exhibits a 44.4% fractional bandwidth over the frequency range of 35 to 55 GHz with an insertion loss below 0.68 dB. Additionally, the engineered rotenna demonstrates a peak realized gain of 13 dBi with no scan loss over the full 360° steering range. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Steerable antennas

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Respiratory Anomaly and Disease Detection using Multi-Level Temporal Convolutional Networks

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IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health informatics 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Le, Kim-Ngoc T. Byun, Gyurin Raza, Syed M. Le, Duc-Tai Choo, Hyunseung The Department of AI Systems Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of The James Watt School of Engineering University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of The Department of AI Systems Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Computing and Informatics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of

An automated analysis of respiratory sounds using Deep Learning (DL) plays a pivotal role in the early detection of lung diseases. However, current DL methods often examine the spatial and temporal characteristics of respiratory sounds in isolation, which inherently limit their potential. This study proposes a novel DL framework that captures spatial features through convolution operations and exploits the spatiotemporal correlations of these features using temporal convolution networks. The proposed framework incorporates MultiLevel Temporal Convolutional Networks (ML-TCN) to considerably enhance the model accuracy in detecting anomaly breathing cycles and respiratory recordings from lung sound audio. Moreover, a transfer learning technique is also employed to extract semantic features efficiently from limited and imbalanced data in this domain. Thorough experiments on the well-known ICBHI 2017 challenge dataset show that the proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods in both binary and multi-class classification tasks for respiratory anomaly and disease detection. In particular, improvements of up to 2.29% and 2.27% in terms of the Score metric, average sensitivity and specificity, are demonstrated in binary and multi-class anomaly breathing cycle detection tasks, respectively. In respiratory recording classification tasks, the classification accuracy is improved by 2.69% for healthy-unhealthy binary classification and 1.47% for healthy, chronic, and non-chronic diagnosis These results highlight the marked advantage of the ML-TCN over existing techniques, showcasing its potential to drive future innovations in respiratory healthcare technology. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Holistic Pose Estimation and Dynamic Motion Analysis for Telerehabilitation of Physically Disabled Individuals

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 81279-81297页

作者： Kamal, Aleena Najam, Shaheryar Alshehri, Mohammed AlQahtani, Yahya Alshahrani, Abdulmonem Alabdullah, Bayan Park, Jeongmin Riphah International University Department of Biomedical Engineering Islamabad Pakistan Bahria University Department of Electrical Engineering Islamabad Pakistan King Khalid University Department of Computer Science Abha61421 Saudi Arabia King Khalid University Department of Informatics and Computer Systems Abha61421 Saudi Arabia College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Department of Information Systems P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Tech University of Korea Department of Computer Engineering 237 Sangidaehak-ro Gyeonggi-do Siheung-si15073 Korea Republic of

Telerehabilitation systems leveraging depth video analysis provide an effective solution for remote physiotherapy, particularly for individuals with physical disabilities. This study presents an advanced exercise classification framework that integrates multi-modal feature extraction and attention-based transformation to enhance rehabilitation monitoring. The proposed pipeline begins with depth image preprocessing, followed by human detection using a pre-trained Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG)-Support Vector Machine (SVM) model. The human silhouette is segmented using the GrabCut algorithm, enabling robust region-of-interest extraction. We propose a novel Lightweight Two-tier Key Body Point Detection (LT-KBPD) algorithm to efficiently and accurately identify key skeletal points, which are then used to extract both static and dynamic kinematic features. In parallel, silhouette-based analysis is performed, where shape descriptors, dense optical flow, Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM)-based body part segmentation, and contour analysis extract spatial and motion-related features. The extracted feature sets are fused into a comprehensive feature vector and further refined using an attention-based transformation mechanism to highlight salient features relevant to exercise classification. Finally, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is employed to model temporal dependencies and classify exercises with high accuracy. The proposed approach is validated on three benchmark depth-video datasets: Kimore, K3DA and MEx - Multi-modal Exercise Dataset, achieving classification accuracies of 92.19%, 91.35%, and 85.51%, respectively. These results demonstrate the system’s effectiveness in accurately recognizing rehabilitation exercises for individuals with physical disabilities. Future work aims to enhance the adaptability of the system through personalized rehabilitation feedback and improved temporal modeling techniques. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Motion estimation

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Cyber Risk Identification and Classification-Based Load Forecasting Tool for Pandemic Situations

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IET Cyber-Physical Systems: Theory and Applications 2025年第1期10卷

作者： Shivran, Kuldeep Singh Swire-Thompson, Kyle Saxena, Neetesh Das, Sarasij Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom

Smart grid operators use load forecasting algorithms to predict energy load for the reliable and economical operation of the electricity grid. COVID-19 pandemic-like situations (PLS) can significantly impact energy load demand due to uncertainties in factors such as regulatory orders, pandemic severity and human behavioural patterns. Additionally, in a smart grid, cyberattacks can manipulate forecasted load data, leading to suboptimal decisions, economic losses and potential blackouts. Forecasting load during these situations is challenging for traditional load forecasting tools, as they struggle to identify cyberattacks amidst uncertain load demand, where cyberattacks may mimic pandemic-like load patterns. Traditional forecasting methods do not incorporate factors related to pandemics and cyberattacks. Recent studies have focused on forecasting by considering factors such as COVID-19 cases, social distancing, weather, and temperature but fail to account for the impact of regulatory orders and pandemic severity. They also lack the ability to differentiate between normal and anomalous forecasts and classify the type of attack in anomalous data. This paper presents a tool for short-term load forecasting, anomaly detection and cyberattack classification for pandemic-like situations (PLS). The proposed short-term load forecasting algorithm uses a weighted moving average and an adjustment factor incorporating regulatory orders and pandemic severity, making it computationally efficient and deterministic. Additionally, the proposed anomaly detection and cyberattack classification algorithm provides robust options for detecting anomalies and classifying various types of cyberattacks. The proposed tool has been evaluated using K-Fold cross-validation to improve generalisability and reduce overfitting. The mean squared error (MSE) was used to measure prediction accuracy and detect discrepancies. It has been analysed and tested on real-load data from the State Load Dispatch Ce

关键词： Mean square error

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A DNN Framework on Waveform Design for Over-the-Air Computation

A DNN Framework on Waveform Design for Over-the-Air Computat...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Nikos G. Evgenidis Nikos A. Mitsiou Sotiris A. Tegos Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis Panagiotis Sarigiannidis George K. Karagiannidis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Department of Informatics and Telecommunication Engineering University of Western Macedonia Kozani Greece

ISBN: (数字)9798350368369

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368376

One of the main applications expected to be enabled by next-generation networks is computing. The goal-oriented nature of computing allows the use of different implementation techniques, with over-the-air (OTA) computation being one of the main proposed schemes due to its effective resource management and computational efficiency. In this work, we aim at optimizing the waveform of the system in the presence of intersymbol interference (ISI) and sampling error. To this end, we propose a deep neural network (DNN) framework that generates an optimal waveform that minimizes the mean square error (MSE) of the OTA computation system. To ensure that the generated waveform exhibits the same behavior as other common waveforms, weighted energy and spectrum constraints are included in the loss function of the training phase. To better mitigate ISI, the spectrum constraint integrates the roll-off factor of the waveform, allowing for the generation of different waveforms. Simulation results verify that the desired constraints are met and show a significant performance gain over state-of-the-art waveforms.

关键词： Training Wireless networks Simulation Intersymbol interference Artificial neural networks Mean square error methods Performance gain Computational efficiency Resource management Next generation networking

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Improvement of the Teaching Process Using the Genetic Algorithm 8th

Improvement of the Teaching Process Using the Genetic Algori...

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8th EAI International Conference on Future Access Enablers of Ubiquitous and Intelligent Infrastructures, FABULOUS 2024

作者： Šimić, Goran Jevremović, Aleksandar Strugarević, Danilo School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Academy of Technical and Art Applied Studies Belgrade11000 Serbia Faculty of Informatics and Computing Singidunum University Belgrade11000 Serbia Academy of Applied Preschool Teaching and Health Studies Kruševac37000 Serbia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031723926

Teaching is a process that requires permanent observation and improvement. With the rapid development of e-learning, there was a need to review, improve and optimize the process of evaluating students’ performance. The main objective of this study is to develop and implement the procedure for automatized generation of assessment tests. For this purpose, the proposed solution includes the application of a genetic algorithm. The procedure is developed on a sample of 29 existing test cases of "Internet programming" course. The optimization resulted in better selection and reduced number of questions used for evaluation of students` performance. The results of the study and the topicality of the issue point to the need for further research, both in the aspect of students` performance assessment, as well as in other aspects of higher education. © ICST Institute for computer Sciences, Social informatics and Telecommunications engineering 2025.

关键词： Conceptual framework e-learning Genetic algorithm Higher education Students` performance

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Design of Secure Multi-User Coded-SSK with Index Selecting Capability

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IEEE Transactions on Communications 2025年

作者： Hassan, Sumeyra Panayirci, Erdal Helleseth, Tor Vincent Poor, H. Kadir Has University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Istanbul34083 Turkey University of Bergen Department of Informatics Bergen Norway Princeton University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering PrincetonNJ08544 United States

We propose a new coded space shift keying (CSSK) signaling technique for multi-user (MU), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems incorporating physical layer security (PLS). Besides its error correction ability, the designed linear code is capable of choosing transmit antenna indices automatically and selecting the best set of antenna combinations that minimizes the bit error rate (BER). Results obtained for the single-user (SU) schemes are then extended to a general single-cell downlink MU CSSK setting. A precoder design is proposed with a maximum ratio combining (MRC) technique to eliminate the multi-user interference (MUI) entirely by taking advantage of channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter. It is shown that the same precoding provides a very effective jamming signal for the PLS against passive eavesdroppers, degrading their signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) severely. A closed-form expression for the achievable secrecy rates is derived and it is maximized by the proposed power allocation algorithm. Finally, it is shown analytically and by computer simulations that substantially better BER performance is achieved by each user over interference-free transmission compared to an SU transmission with a maximum likelihood (ML) detector. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Enhancing Solar Photovoltaic Efficiency:A Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis

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Energy engineering 2025年第1期122卷 153-166页

作者： Rahool Rai Fareed Hussain Mangi Kashif Ahmed Sudhakar Kumaramsay Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahPekan26600PahangMalaysia Faculty of Engineering Science&Technology Hamdard UniversityKarachi74600Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department SUKKUR IBA UniversitySukkur65200Pakistan Berlin School of Business and Innovation BSBI Faculty of Computer Science and InformaticsBerlin12043Germany Automotive Engineering Centre University Malaysia Pahang Al Sultan AbdullahPekan26600PahangMalaysia Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid&Processes(Fluid Centre) Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah(UMPSA)Paya BesarKuantan26300PahangMalaysia

The growing need for sustainable energy solutions,driven by rising energy shortages,environmental concerns,and the depletion of conventional energy sources,has led to a significant focus on renewable *** energy,among the various renewable sources,is particularly appealing due to its abundant ***,the efficiency of commercial solar photovoltaic(PV)modules is hindered by several factors,notably their conversion efficiency,which averages around 19%.This efficiency can further decline to 10%–16%due to temperature increases during peak sunlight *** study investigates the cooling of PV modules by applying water to their front surface through Computational fluid dynamics(CFD).The study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for cooling the PV module by analyzing the interplay between water film thickness,Reynolds number,and their effects on temperature reduction and heat *** CFD analysis revealed that the most effective cooling condition occurred with a 5 mm thick water film and a Reynolds number of *** specific parameters were found to maximize the heat transfer and temperature reduction *** finding is crucial for the development of practical and efficient cooling systems for PV modules,potentially leading to improved performance and longevity of solar *** cooling fluids or advanced cooling techniques that might offer even better efficiency or practical benefits.

关键词： PV module efficiency water film thickness reynolds number CFD analysis PV/T renewable energy

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