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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Alibekov, Ulugbek Banerjee, Avijit Satpute, Sumeet Gajanan Nikolakopoulos, George ERASMUS MUNDUS JOINT MASTER in Intelligent Field Robotic Systems Faculty of Informatics Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Robotics and AI research group Department of Computer Science Electrical and Space Engineering Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

This article presents an onboard perception-assisted high-fidelity simulation framework for autonomous planetary soft-landing, enabling visual information processing tightly integrated with advanced onboard guidance system in a realistic simulation environments. Utilizing the open source Unity game engine, a physics-based simulation toolbox integrated with the Robotic Operating System (ROS2), we effectively emulate the motion of spacecraft approaching planetary terrain. The simulation environment features a realistic 3D terrain model and a lander spacecraft equipped with onboard camera to effectively capture detailed local terrain images. The simulation engine accurately captures the spacecraft’s 6-degrees of freedom motion, seamlessly integrating space craft orientation with the associated camera feed while incorporating various illumination conditions using a light source representing the Sun. To demonstrate the efficacy of the framework, we implement a recently developed attitude-constrained minimum jerk guidance algorithm to emulate spacecraft motion. Concurrently, the visual feed from the onboard RGB camera is processed through a gradient extraction-based perception system, providing the visual odometer. This system identifies provably safe landing sites, effectively avoiding potential risks of landing on uneven terrain. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Planetary landers

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EPM: Evolutionary Perception Method for Anomaly Detection in Noisy Dynamic Graphs

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IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data engineering 2025年

作者： Wang, Huan Chen, Junyang Wu, Yirui Leung, Victor C. M. Wang, Di King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Saudi Arabia Huazhong Agricultural University College of Informatics China Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering China Hohai University College of Computer and Information China

With the rapid expansion of interactions across various domains such as knowledge graphs and social networks, anomaly detection in dynamic graphs has become increasingly critical for mitigating potential risks. However, existing anomaly detection methods often assume noise-free dynamic graphs, overlooking the prevalence of noisy dynamic graphs in real-world applications. Specifically, noisy dynamic graphs affected by structural noises-such as spurious and missing nodes and edges-struggle to consistently provide reliable structural evidence for anomaly detection. To tackle this challenge, we propose an Evolutionary Perception Method (EPM) for identifying anomalous nodes in noisy dynamic graphs by resisting the interference of structural noises. EPM primarily consists of two components: a dynamic fitter and a filtering reviser. The dynamic fitter characterizes the interaction dynamics of nodes that removes and generates links at each period as a multiple superposition state, utilizing various link prediction algorithms to fit evolutionary mechanisms. Additionally, the filtering reviser designs evolutional entropies to quantify the evolutional uncertainty in multiple superposition states, further designing the Kalman filter to optimize these entropies. Extensive experiments show that the proposed EPM method surpasses state-of-the-art approaches in detecting anomalous nodes in noisy dynamic graphs. © 1989-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Kalman filters

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Increasing Reliability in Hybrid RF-Optical Networks: A Cross-Band Modulation Design

Increasing Reliability in Hybrid RF-Optical Networks: A Cros...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Thrassos K. Oikonomou Sotiris A. Tegos Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Department of Applied Informatics University of Macedonia Thessaloniki Greece

ISBN: (数字)9798350368369

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368376

This paper presents a novel hybrid cross-band radio frequency (RF)-optical system that utilizes coherent RF detection with $M$ -QAM modulation and optical intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) to fully utilize the diversity gains of cross-band architectures. By performing joint signal processing in the RF and optical domains, the proposed system achieves significant improvements in reliability, spectral efficiency, and data rates compared to conventional approaches. A key feature of the system is an optimized linear mapping between the RF and optical signals, which ensures seamless signal integration and improved performance. To evaluate the system, we derive the theoretical mutual information (MI) and a tight closed-form approximation for the symbol error probability (SEP) of the proposed modulation scheme. Numerical results validate the theoretical analysis and show that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms state-of-the-art cross-band modulations in terms of MI and SEP. The proposed scheme, with its low-complexity design and superior performance, is a promising candidate for next-generation wireless networks.

关键词： Radio frequency Error probability Spectral efficiency Wireless networks Symbols Reliability theory Optical receivers Adaptive optics Optical signal processing Mutual information

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CRCL: Causal Representation Consistency Learning for Anomaly Detection in Surveillance Videos

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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 2025年 34卷 2351-2366页

作者： Liu, Yang Wang, Hongjin Wang, Zepu Zhu, Xiaoguang Liu, Jing Sun, Peng Tang, Rui Du, Jianwei Leung, Victor C. M. Song, Liang Fudan University Academy for Engineering and Technology Shanghai200433 China University of Toronto Department of Computer Science TorontoONM5S 1A1 Canada Hunan University College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan Changsha410082 China Duke Kunshan University Division of Natural and Applied Sciences Jiangsu Suzhou215316 China University of California at Davis DataLab: Data Science and Informatics DavisCA95616 United States The University of British Columbia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada Duke Kunshan University Division of Natural and Applied Sciences Suzhou215316 China Fudan University School of Information Science and Technology Shanghai200433 China China Mobile Chengdu Institute of Research and Development Chengdu610065 China

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) remains a fundamental yet formidable task in the video understanding community, with promising applications in areas such as information forensics and public safety protection. Due to the rarity and diversity of anomalies, existing methods only use easily collected regular events to model the inherent normality of normal spatial-temporal patterns in an unsupervised manner. Although such methods have made significant progress benefiting from the development of deep learning, they attempt to model the statistical dependency between observable videos and semantic labels, which is a crude description of normality and lacks a systematic exploration of its underlying causal relationships. Previous studies have shown that existing unsupervised VAD models are incapable of label-independent data offsets (e.g., scene changes) in real-world scenarios and may fail to respond to light anomalies due to the overgeneralization of deep neural networks. Inspired by causality learning, we argue that there exist causal factors that can adequately generalize the prototypical patterns of regular events and present significant deviations when anomalous instances occur. In this regard, we propose Causal Representation Consistency Learning (CRCL) to implicitly mine potential scene-robust causal variable in unsupervised video normality learning. Specifically, building on the structural causal models, we propose scene-debiasing learning and causality-inspired normality learning to strip away entangled scene bias in deep representations and learn causal video normality, respectively. Extensive experiments on benchmarks validate the superiority of our method over conventional deep representation learning. Moreover, ablation studies and extension validation show that the CRCL can cope with label-independent biases in multi-scene settings and maintain stable performance with only limited training data available. © 1992-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Evaluating Beam Sweeping for AoA Estimation with an RIS Prototype: Indoor/Outdoor Field Trials

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Vordonis, Dimitris Kompostiotis, Dimitris Paliouras, Vassilis Alexandropoulos, George C. Grec, Florin Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Patras Greece Department of Informatics and Telecommunications National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Greece Noordwijk Netherlands

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a promising technology to enhance wireless communication systems by enabling dynamic control over the propagation environment. However, practical experiments are crucial towards the validation of the theoretical potential of RISs while establishing their real-world applicability, especially since most studies rely on simplified models and lack comprehensive field trials. In this paper, we present an efficient method for configuring a 1-bit RIS prototype at sub-6 GHz, resulting in a codebook oriented for beam sweeping;an essential protocol for initial access and Angle of Arrival (AoA) estimation. The measured radiation patterns of the RIS validate the theoretical model, demonstrating consistency between the experimental results and the predicted beamforming behavior. Furthermore, we experimentally prove that RIS can alter channel properties and by harnessing the diversity it provides, we evaluate beam sweeping as an AoA estimation technique. Finally, we investigate the frequency selectivity of the RIS and propose an approach to address indoor challenges by leveraging the geometry of environment. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Frequency estimation

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Closed-Loop Clustering-Based Global Bandwidth Prediction in Real-Time Video Streaming

IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and ...

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IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking 2025年 3卷 448-462页

作者： Afshar, Sepideh Razavi, Reza Moshirpour, Mohammad Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of Calgary CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada Userful CalgaryABT2G 4Y5 Canada Department of Informatics Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences University of California at Irvine IrvineCA92697 United States

Accurate throughput forecasting is essential for ensuring the seamless operation of Real-Time Communication (RTC) applications. These demands for accurate throughput forecasting become particularly challenging when dealing with wireless access links, as they inherently exhibit fluctuating bandwidth. Ensuring an exceptional user Quality of Experience (QoE) in this scenario depends on accurately predicting available bandwidth in the short term since it plays a pivotal role in guiding video rate adaptation. Yet, current methodologies for short-term bandwidth prediction (SBP) struggle to perform adequately in dynamically changing real-world network environments and lack generalizability to adapt across varied network conditions. Also, acquiring long and representative traces that capture real-world network complexity is challenging. To overcome these challenges, we propose closed-loop clustering-based Global Forecasting Models (GFMs) for SBP. Unlike local models, GFMs apply the same function to all traces enabling cross-learning, and leveraging relationships among traces to address the performance issues seen in current SBP algorithms. To address potential heterogeneity within the data and improve prediction quality, a clustered-wise GFM is utilized to group similar traces based on prediction accuracy. Finally, the proposed method is validated using real-world datasets of HSDPA 3G, NYC LTE, and Irish 5G data demonstrating significant improvements in accuracy and generalizability. © 2023 CCBY.

关键词： Video streaming

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NDAS: Noise-Decomposed Abnormal Segmentation for Robust Medical Image Retrieval

NDAS: Noise-Decomposed Abnormal Segmentation for Robust Medi...

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International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication (IMCOM)

作者： Ju-Chan Kim Pham Van Nguyen Duc-Tai Le Hyunseung Choo College of Computing and Informatics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798331507817

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507824

This paper presents NDAS (Noise-Decomposed Ab-normal Segmentation), an innovative framework for robust med-ical image retrieval and segmentation. By explicitly decomposing noise and abnormal features, NDAS enhances retrieval accuracy and segmentation precision. Experimental results on the BraTS 2019 dataset validate NDAS's superiority over CBMIR and SBMIR methods, achieving the highest Top-5 accuracy and Dice coefficient. This demonstrates its effectiveness in handling noise, isolating pathological regions, and retrieving diagnostically relevant medical images. NDAS offers a significant advancement in medical imaging analysis, emphasizing its potential for clinical applications requiring precision and reliability.

关键词： Image segmentation Pathology Accuracy Noise Image retrieval Information management Reliability Medical diagnostic imaging

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Automatic melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer diagnosis using advanced adaptive fine-tuned convolution neural networks

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Discover Oncology 2025年第1期16卷 1-27页

作者： Khan, Muhammad Amir Mazhar, Tehseen Ali, Muhammad Danish Khattak, Umar Farooq Shahzad, Tariq Saeed, Mamoon M. Hamam, Habib School of Computing Sciences College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam 40450 Malaysia School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration and Economics Lahore 54000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060 Pakistan School of Information Technology UNITAR International University Kelana Jaya Petaling Jaya 47301 Malaysia Department of Computer Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Sahiwal 57000 Pakistan Department of Communications and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Modern Sciences (UMS) Yemen Sana’a 00967 Yemen Faculty of Engineering University de Moncton Moncton E1A3E9 NB Canada School of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa Hodmas University College Taleh Area Mogadishu Banadir 521376 Somalia Bridges for Academic Excellence—Spectrum Tunis Centre-Ville 1002 Tunisia Department of Computer Science School Education Department Government of Punjab Layyah 31200 Pakistan

Skin Cancer is an extensive and possibly dangerous disorder that requires early detection for effective treatment. Add specific global statistics on skin cancer prevalence and mortality to emphasize the importance of early detection. Example: “Skin cancer accounts for 1 in 5 diagnosed cancers globally, with melanoma causing over 60,000 deaths annually. Manual skin cancer screening is both time-intensive and expensive. Deep learning (DL) techniques have shown exceptional performance in various applications and have been applied to systematize skin cancer diagnosis. However, training DL models for skin cancer diagnosis is challenging due to limited available data and the risk of overfitting. Traditionally approaches have High computational costs, a lack of interpretability, deal with numerous hyperparameters and spatial variation have always been problems with machine learning (ML) and DL. An innovative method called adaptive learning has been developed to overcome these problems. In this research, we advise an intelligent computer-aided system for automatic skin cancer diagnosis using a two-stage transfer learning approach and Pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). CNNs are well-suited for learning hierarchical features from images. Annotated skin cancer photographs are utilized to detect ROIs and reset the initial layer of the pre-trained CNN. The lower-level layers learn about the characteristics and patterns of lesions and unaffected areas by fine-tuning the model. To capture high-level, global features specific to skin cancer, we replace the fully connected (FC) layers, responsible for encoding such features, with a new FC layer based on principal component analysis (PCA). This unsupervised technique enables the mining of discriminative features from the skin cancer images, effectively mitigating overfitting concerns and letting the model adjust structural features of skin cancer images, facilitating effective detection of skin cancer features. The sys

关键词： Advanced adaptive fine-tuned Convolution neural networks Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer

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Optimizing 3D Flight Paths for Multiple UAVs with Connectivity Management in Urban Delivery Systems 19

Optimizing 3D Flight Paths for Multiple UAVs with Connectivi...

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19th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication, IMCOM 2025

作者： Lee, Yeongmin Syahran, Raihan Muhammad Spangenberger, Mael Yang, Huigyu Oh, Jiyong Choo, Hyunseung Dept. of Artificial Intelligence Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of Convergence Research Institute Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of Dept. of AI Systems Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of Dept. of Informatics Télécom SudParis Évry France

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507817

The dynamic deployment of aerial vehicles in urban delivery scenarios demands precise route planning, reliable data links, and efficient use of network infrastructure. Although prior efforts have explored various aspects of unmanned navigation or communication optimization, existing approaches often overlook the combined impact of three-dimensional path selection and robust connectivity maintenance. To address this gap, this paper proposes a deep reinforcement learning framework employing Independent Proximal Policy Optimization (IPPO) to steer the flight paths of unmanned vehicles while curtailing needless interactions with base stations (BSs). By incorporating communication-specific metrics, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), the proposed system adapts to urban conditions and upholds resilient network links. Comprehensive performance evaluations reveal the potential of the framework to reduce excessive BS connections by up to 82.24%, preserve RSRP levels above -80 dBm, and balance handover frequencies across flight trajectories. These findings affirm the scalability and effectiveness of the method for achieving efficient aerial navigation and consistent communication in urban delivery services. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Applied Federated Model Personalization in the Industrial Domain: A Comparative Study

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society

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IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 2025年 6卷 3192-3210页

作者： Siniosoglou, Ilias Argyriou, Vasileios Fragulis, George Fouliras, Panagiotis Papadopoulos, Georgios Th Lytos, Anastasios Sarigiannidis, Panagiotis University of Western Macedonia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kozani50100 Greece Kingston University Department of Networks and Digital Media LondonKT1 2EE United Kingdom University of Macedonia Department of Applied Informatics Thessaloniki546 36 Greece University of Athens Department of Informatics and Telematics Harokopio Athens157 72 Greece Sidroco Holdings Ltd. Research & Development Department Nicosia1082 Cyprus MetaMind Innovations P.C. Research & Development Department Kozani50100 Greece

The time-consuming nature of training and deploying complicated Machine and Deep Learning (DL) models for a variety of applications continues to pose significant challenges in the field of Machine Learning (ML). These challenges are heightened in the federated domain, where optimizing models for individual nodes is particularly difficult. Many methods have been developed to tackle this problem, aiming to reduce training expenses and time while maintaining efficient optimisation. Three suggested strategies to tackle this challenge include Active Learning, Knowledge Distillation, and Local Memorization. These methods enable the adaptive finetuning of the leveraged AI models allowing for model personalization with local data, thereby improving the effectiveness of current models. The present study delves into the fundamental principles of these three approaches and proposes an advanced Federated Learning System that utilises different Personalization methods towards improving the accuracy of AI models and enhancing user experience in real-time NG-IoT applications, investigating the efficacy of these techniques in the local and federated domain. The results of the original and optimised models are then compared in both local and federated contexts using a comparison analysis. The analysis reveals promising results for optimizing and personalizing models using the proposed techniques. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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