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Building Japanese Conversational Systems based on the Galaxy Architecture

NTT Technical Review 2003年第6期1卷 15-20页

作者： Nakano, Mikio Minami, Yasuhiro Glass, James Seneff, Stephanie Zue, Victor NTT Commun. Science Laboratories Atsugi-shi 243-0198 Japan Media Information Laboratory NTT Commun. Science Laboratories Spoken Language Systems Group MIT Comp. Sci./Artif. Intell. Lab. Speech/Hear. Biosci./Technol. Prog. Harvard-MIT Division of Health MIT Comp. Sci./Artif. Intell. Lab. Department of Electrical Engineering MIT Institute's Computer Science Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

This paper reviews research on multi-lingual conversational systems conducted during the five-year collaboration between NTT and mit. It describes the development of Mokusei, a telephone-based Japanese conversational system in the weather domain, and Japanese SpeechBuilder, a toolkit that enables nonexperts to build Japanese conversational systems. Both are based on the Galaxy conversational systems architecture. The experience gained by developing these systems demonstrates that the Galaxy architecture is a viable framework for multi-lingual conversational system research.

关键词： Speech communication

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Alloy: A new technology for software modelling 8

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8th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2002 Held as Part of the Joint European Conferenceson Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2002

作者： Jackson, Daniel Software Design Group Laboratory for Computer Science Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT 200 Technology Square CambridgeMA02139 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540434194

Alloy is a lightweight language for software modelling. It’s designed to be flexible and expressive, and yet amenable to fully automatic simulation and checking. At its core, Alloy is a simple first order logic extended withrelational operators. A simple structuring mechanism allows Alloy to be used in a variety of idioms, and supports incremental construction of models. Alloy is analyzed by translation to SAT. The current version of the tool uses the Chaff and Berkmin solvers;these are powerful enoughto handle a searchspace of 2100 or more. Alloy has been applied to problems from very different domains, from checking the conventions of Microsoft COM to debugging the design of a name server. Most recently, we have used it to check distributed algorithms that are designed for arbitrary topologies. We are also investigating the use of Alloy to analyze object-oriented code. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Object oriented programming

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On the complexity of market power assessment in the electricity spot markets

On the complexity of market power assessment in the electric...

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IEEE Winter Meeting Power engineering Society

作者： P. Visudhiphan M.D. Ilic M. Mladjan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT Cambridge MA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences MIT Cambridge MA USA MIT Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780373227

In this paper, the authors point out various factors which should be taken into consideration when assessing market power in the evolving electricity markets. Of particular interest are the effects of the electricity market design rules, type of software employed when computing electricity clearing price, and the generation technology-specific costs, such as start up and shut down costs. In this paper, they propose a method of estimating a benchmark price which accounts for these factors unique to electricity markets; when assessing market power the actual price is compared to this benchmark price. The pros and cons of assessing market power using such aggregate benchmark price and/or more direct analysis of individual bids are illustrated using the New England market data.

关键词： Costs Electricity supply industry Power generation Power system economics Power generation economics ISO Power systems Abstracts Aggregates Electric variables measurement

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Fabrication technologies for three-dimensional integrated circuits

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IEEE International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design

作者： R. Reif A. Fan Kuan-Neng Chen S. Das Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT Cambridge MI USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering MIT Cambridge MI USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769515614

The mit approach to 3D VLSI integration is based on low-temperature Cu-Cu wafer bonding. Device wafers are bonded in a face-to-back manner, with short vertical vias and Cu-Cu pads as the inter-wafer throughway. In our scheme, there are several reliability criteria, which include: (a) structural integrity of the Cu-Cu bond; (b) Cu-Cu contact electrical characteristics; and (c) process flow efficiency and repeatability. In addition, CAD tools are needed to aid in design and layout of 3DICs. This paper discusses recent results in all these areas.

关键词： Fabrication Integrated circuit technology Three-dimensional integrated circuits Wafer bonding Epitaxial growth Integrated circuit interconnections computer science System-on-a-chip CMOS technology Materials science and technology

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Potential benefits of implementing load control

Potential benefits of implementing load control

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IEEE Winter Meeting Power engineering Society

作者： M. Ilic J.W. Black J.L. Watz Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT Cambridge MA USA Engineering Systems Division in the Technology Management and Policy Program MIT Cambridge MA USA Engineering Systems Division in the Technology and Policy Program MIT Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780373227

The design of wholesale electricity markets through deregulation has focused almost exclusively on the development of competitive supply (generation). The demand side of the market has been virtually ignored. Mostly, this is due to the assumption that electricity demand is almost completely inelastic. As a result, deregulated wholesale markets universally fail to pass price signals down to the end-users. This paper challenges the assumption of inelastic demand by exploring the potential benefits of implementing a simple load control scheme. This load control scheme allows consumers to shift demand from high priced hours to low priced hours during the day. The benefits to the individual consumer are explored through an example applied to residential air conditioning using price and demand data from California. This example shows that "smart" use of air conditioning can lead to great savings for residential consumers, without sacrificing comfort. The potential for multiple consumers implementing load control to reduce wholesale prices is also examined.

关键词： Load flow control Aggregates Electricity supply industry Power generation Electricity supply industry deregulation Air conditioning Energy management Energy consumption Power engineering and energy Systems engineering and theory

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Expertmental Observation of Quantum-limited Timing Jitter in an Active, Harmonically Modelocked Fiber Laser

Expertmental Observation of Quantum-limited Timing Jitter in...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2002

作者： Grein, M.E. Jiang, L.A. Haus, H.A. Ippen, E.P. McNeilage, C. Searls, J.H. Research Laboratory of Electronics Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT 36-325 77 Massachusetts Avenue CambridgeMA02139 United States Poseidon Scientific Instruments Ltd Unit I 95 Queen Victoria Sreet FremantleWA6160 Australia

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Mobile context-aware stories

Mobile context-aware stories

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： L. Doyle G. Davenport D. O'Mahony Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering Trinity College Dublin Ireland Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering Trinity College Dublin Ireland MIT Media Lab Cambridge MA USA Department of Computer Science Trinity College Dublin Ireland

An interactive narrative is a story that is shaped by digital technology and that allows the dynamic presentation of scenes or sequences based on input from the user. In this paper we present a new foundation for interactive storytelling that allows a mobile user to interact with a story. The user is placed at the center of the story and the story comes to the user in transit. The behavior and actions of the user influence the scenes and sequences of the story the user experiences. The framework for this system is an ad-hoc network. Ad-hoc networks allow localized presentation of story elements to users who are in transit and able to receive story elements on a mobile device. Furthermore ad-hoc networks have the capability to be context-aware and respond to the physical and social context of the user both on an individual and group level. This mobile context-aware story form is a powerful format in the fields of education and entertainment. It allows the story to be connected with the surrounding environment and it allows the user to see cause and effect of individual and group behavior. In this paper we present an ad-hoc network story system and examine a case study of its use for a prototype mobile context-aware story.

关键词： Ad hoc networks Context Educational institutions Layout computer science Prototypes Humans Mobile communication Digital art Shape

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High resolution optical imaging and spectroscopy of biological tissues

High resolution optical imaging and spectroscopy of biologic...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Xingde Li M.E. Brezinski J.G. Fujimoto Department of Bioengineering University of Washington Seattle WA Department of Bioengineering University of Washington Seattle WA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT Cambridge MA USA

In this paper we present the recent technological development of optical coherence tomography (OCT). We also discuss the potential clinical applications of OCT for diagnosing pathological changes in different organs a... 详细信息

关键词： Image resolution Optical imaging Spectroscopy Biological tissues Optical scattering Biomedical optical imaging Ultrafast optics Esophagus Coherence Probes

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Sub-10 cm/sup 3/ interferometric accelerometer with nano-g resolution

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Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 2002年第3期11卷 182-187页

作者： N.C. Loh M.A. Schmidt S.R. Manalis Media Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Zyomyx Inc. Hayward CA USA Microsystems Technology Laboratories Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachsuetts lnstitute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Media Laboratory MIT Cambridge MA USA

A high-resolution accelerometer with a bulk-micromachined silicon proof mass and an interferometric position sensor was developed for measuring vibratory accelerations. The interferometer consists of interdigitated ringers that are alternately attached to the proof mass and support substrate. Illuminating the fingers with coherent light generates a series of diffracted beams. The intensity of a given beam depends on the out-of-plane separation between the proof mass fingers and support fingers. Proof masses with mechanical resonances ranging from 80 Hz to 1 kHz were fabricated with a two mask process involving two deep reactive ion etches, an oxide etch stop, and a polyimide protective layer. The structures were packaged with a laser diode and photodiode into 8.6-cm/sup 3/ acrylic housings. The 80-Hz resonant proof mass has a noise equivalent acceleration of 40 ng/rt Hz and a dynamic range of 85 dB at 40 Hz.

关键词： Fingers Optical interferometry Acceleration Resonance Etching Accelerometers Silicon Position measurement Vibration measurement Diffraction

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Fast Full Wave Analysis of A Cylindrical Antenna Using A Single Integral with An Exact Kernel

Fast Full Wave Analysis of A Cylindrical Antenna Using A Sin...

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2002 3rd International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology

作者： Chan-Ping Lim Le-Wei Li Er-Ping Li Computational Electromagnetics and Electronics Division Institute of High Performance Computing 1 Science Park Road Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Singapore-MIT Alliance National University of Singapore 10 Kent Ridge CrescentSingapore 119260.

ISBN: (纸本)078037486X

This paper presents a fast approach in the method of moments(MoM) analysis so as to obtain the non-uniform current distributions of cylindrical antennas with electrically large *** oblique incident field in its general form and a delta-gap source are considered in the formulation of non-uniform current distributions. In the Galerkin's MoM procedure,the Fourier cosine series is considered as the entire domain basis function *** this formulation,the kernel is represented by a series of weighted spherical Hankel functions of the second kind and the convergence of this series is *** the result,the computation time is *** package is used to obtain and plot the current distributions along the cylindrical antennas.

关键词： Dipole Antennas Cylindrical Antennas Electromagnetic Radiation Method of Moment and Current distribution

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