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Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Anthony Kuh Thomas Petsche Ronald L. Rivest Dept. of Electrical Engineering University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu HI Siemens Corporate Research Princeton NJ Laboratory for Computer Science MIT Cambridge MA

ISBN: (纸本)9781558602229

We present a distribution-free model for incremental learning when concepts vary with time. Concepts are caused to change by an adversary while an incremental learning algorithm attempts to track the changing concepts by minimizing the error between the current target concept and the hypothesis. For a single half-plane and the intersection of two half-planes, we show that the average mistake rate depends on the maximum rate at which an adversary can modify the concept. These theoretical predictions are verified with simulations of several learning algorithms including back propagation.

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Parallel smoothing algorithms for causal and acausal systems

Parallel smoothing algorithms for causal and acausal systems

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： D. Taylor A.S. Willsky Laboratory of Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Information and Decision Systems MIT Laboratory Cambridge MA USA

Parallel processing algorithms for optimal smoothing of discrete-time linear systems described by two-point boundary value difference equations are presented. These algorithms involve the partitioning of the data interval with one processor for each subinterval. The processing structures consist of independent parallel processing on each subinterval, followed by an information exchange between processors and then a final sweep of independent subinterval processing. The local processing procedures described produce maximum-likelihood (ML) estimates in which dynamics and a priori conditions play the same role as measurements. Consideration of such ML procedures for descriptor systems requires a general procedure for recursive estimation in situations in which neither the error covariance nor its inverse is well defined. This leads to a generalization of a two-filter algorithm in which the two directions of processing are treated symmetrically. For the local processing, it also simplifies the information exchange. A two-filter implementation of this step and a highly parallel implementation exactly matched to the hypercube computer architecture are presented.< >

关键词： Smoothing methods Parallel processing Laboratories Linear systems Difference equations Maximum likelihood estimation Matched filters Hypercubes computer architecture computer applications

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An immersible relative saturation moisture sensor with application to transformer oil

An immersible relative saturation moisture sensor with appli...

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International Conference on Properties and Applications of Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials

作者： P.A. von Guggenberg J.R. Melcher Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Laboratory for Electromagnetic and Electronic Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci. MIT Cambridge MA USA

Two polyimide-based capacitive humidity sensors were calibrated in Shell Diala A transformer oil and 10 cSt silicone oil at 35, 50, and 70 degrees C. The moisture content of the oils was found to be a linear function of the output voltage with the slope increasing with temperature. Thus, the sensitivity of the sensors to changes in the absolute moisture content of the oils was found to decrease with increasing temperature. For transformer oil the sensitivity changed from 30 mV/p.p.m. at 35 degrees C to 9 mV/p.p.m. at 70 degrees C; for silicone oil the sensitivity changed from 10 mV/p.p.m. at 35 degrees C to 4 mV/p.p.m. at 70 degrees C. Normalization of the absolute moisture content to the saturation level of moisture in the oil for all three calibration temperatures and both oils demonstrated that the sensors respond to the relative saturation of moisture in the oil. The saturation level of moisture in the oils was measured for the three calibration temperatures and could be expressed in Arrhenius form with an activation energy of 0.317 eV for transformer oil and 0.231 eV for silicone oil.< >

关键词： Oil insulation Petroleum Temperature sensors Power transformers Power transformer insulation Circuit faults Moisture measurement Plasma temperature Application software Humidity

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Enhanced electrification charge densities due to recirculatory flow

Enhanced electrification charge densities due to recirculato...

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International Conference on Properties and Applications of Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials

作者： A.P. Washabaugh M. Zahn J.R. Melcher Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci. MIT Cambridge MA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Laboratory for Electromagnetic and Electronic Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

A model is developed for volume charge accumulation in recirculatory flow between a charge source and several charge relaxation regions. According to the model, large volume charge densities result if the residence time in the relaxation volumes is small compared to the oil dielectric relaxation time. Under these conditions, charge can accumulate in the oil with each pass through the flow loop, until charge leakage just balances charge generation. To stimulate the volume charge accumulation in a transformer, a flow loop experiment was developed in which transformer oil was circulated at volume flow rates of 2-20 GPM between a 55-gallon reservoir and a paper cellulose filter. The charge density entering and exiting the filter was simultaneously measured using absolute charge sensors. Bypassing the reservoir resulted in increased volume charge densities, in agreement with the model. It is concluded that charge densities can be enhanced by recirculated flow if the charge is not allowed to significantly relax before re-entering a paper filter charge source.< >

关键词： Volume relaxation Filters Petroleum Oil insulation Lubricating oils Dielectrics Hydrocarbon reservoirs Density measurement Current measurement Charge measurement

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MEMCAD capacitance calculations for mechanically deformed square diaphragm and beam microstructures

MEMCAD capacitance calculations for mechanically deformed sq...

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International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators (TRANSDUCERS)

作者： B.P. Johnson S. Kim S.D. Senturia J. White Microsystems Technology Laboratory and the Research Laboratory of Electronics Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci. MIT Cambridge MA USA

A Micro-ElectroMechanical computer-Aided Design (MEMCAD) system is being developed to make it possible for microsensor designers to perform realistic simulations easily and quickly. Carefully selected commercial software packages have been linked with specialized databases and numerical programs to allow a designer to enter a three-dimensional microsensor geometry and quickly perform both mechanical and electrical analysis. The authors briefly describe the system and demonstrate its effectiveness by accurately calculating the capacitance versus pressure (or force) curve for a square diaphragm deformed by a differential pressure and for a rectangular beam deflected by a centrally applied force. The MEMCAD system has successfully implemented the following: querying a material property database for material property insertion, combining a 3-D solid model with displacement information from the finite element method, and interfacing the 3-D solid model format with a capacitance extraction program.< >

关键词： Capacitance Microsensors Material properties Solid modeling Design automation Computational modeling computer simulation Software packages Spatial databases Geometry

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K-distribution and multi-frequency polarmetric terrain radar clutter

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Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 1991年第1期5卷 1-15页

作者： Yueh, S.H. Kong, J.A. Jao, J.K. Shin, R.T. Zebker, H.A. Toan, T. Le Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States MIT Lincoln Laboratory Lexington MA 02173 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91109 United States Centre d’Etudes Spatiales des Rayonnements Toulouse Cedex 31029 France

A multivariate K-distribution, well supported by experimental data, is proposed to model the statistics of fully polarimetric radar clutter of earth terrain. In this approach, correlated polarizations of backscattered radar returns are characterized by a covariance matrix and homogeneity of terrain scatterers is characterized by a parameter . As compared with C-, L- and P-band polarimetric SAR image simultaneously measured by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) on Mt. Shasta, it is found that appears to decrease from C- to P-band for both the forest and burned areas. © 1991 VSP.

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Noise overshoot at drain current kink in SOI MOSFET

Noise overshoot at drain current kink in SOI MOSFET

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1990 IEEE SOS/SOI Technology Conference

作者： Chen, Jian Fang, Peng Ko, Ping Keung Hu, Chenming Solomon, Ray Chan, Tung-Yi Sodini, Charles G. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences UC Berkeley United States Intel Corporation Santa Clara United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT United States

ISBN: (纸本)0879425733

Bias dependence of the drain current noise power of SOI MOSFET's were studied and low frequency noise overshoot at the drain current kink is observed for the first time in SOI MOSFET. The overshoot has a width of about 0.7 V and exhibits a peak noise power which is two orders of magnitude higher than the normal noise level. This newly found noise phenomena will affect the usefulness of SOI device in precision analogy circuits. It also provides a new way for studying traps related SOI film and device phenomena. © 1990 IEEE.

关键词： Drain current

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Redefining tomorrow's user interface (plenary address) 90

Redefining tomorrow's user interface (plenary address)

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Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

作者： Michael L. Dertouzos MIT Professor of Computer Science & Electrical Engineering and Director of the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science

ISBN: (纸本)9780201509328

When computers first appeared, input-output commands were minor afterthoughts to cohesive, often well crafted and occasionally pretentious programming languages. Today, these commands occupy over 70 percent of a programming system's instructions. Yet they, along with the user interface structures that they define, are far from cohesive, and, at least up until now, immune to standardization. We must therefore turn our thinking around and create a new breed of programming languages that are first and foremost input-output oriented and that integrate traditional processing commands into new user-oriented structures. And just as we know today that traditional commands fall into a handful of fixed categories - decision, repetition, naming, procedure definition and use — we need to search for and identify the corresponding natural classes of commands for user *** even if user interfaces were ideally programmed in divine new languages, they would still be ineffective, under our current mindset. For it is an unfortunate fact that despite a great deal of hype about look and feel, today's user interfaces have not appreciably reduced the difficulty of interaction between humans and machines. How can we explain, for example, the disturbing paradox that although computing accounts for some 10 percent of the U.S. G.N.P., it has not resulted in any measurable gains in conventionally measured productivity except in very few areas, like computer aided design. In fact, among office workers, net productivity seems to have decreased during the same period that computer purchases and uses have *** us then ask what we should do in tomorrow's user interfaces to increase productivity and empower people, as the theme of this conference charges. In simpler terms, let us turn our attention on what we can do to help ordinary mortals who are trying to get a job done in spite of the well meaning efforts of hardware and software designers and managers. I, for one, believe that w

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Noise overshoot at drain current kink in SOI MOSFET

Noise overshoot at drain current kink in SOI MOSFET

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IEEE Conference on SOS/SOI Technology

作者： J. Chen P. Fang P.K. Ko C. Hu R. Solomon T.-Y. Chan C.G. Sodini Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT Cambridge MA USA Intel Corporation Santa Clara CA USA

The bias dependence of the drain current noise power of SOI (silicon-on-insulator) MOSFETs was studied, and low frequency noise overshoot at the drain current was observed. The overshoot has a width of about 0.7 V and exhibits a peak noise power which is two orders of magnitude higher than the normal noise level. The SOI devices used in this study were N-channel polysilicon gate MOSFETs on SIMOX (separation by implantation of oxygen) wafers fabricated with conventional submicron CMOS technology. The SOI film thickness, the buried-oxide thickness, and the gate oxide are 100 nm, 300 nm, and 11.5 nm, respectively. A computer-controlled test system was used to conduct the I-V and noise measurement automatically. A model explaining the occurrence of the noise overshoot and the noise peak is proposed.< >

关键词： MOSFET circuits Low-frequency noise Noise level CMOS technology Silicon on insulator technology Power MOSFET Automatic testing System testing Noise measurement Semiconductor device modeling

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Improved detection and classification of arrhythmias in noise-corrupted electrocardiograms using contextual information

Improved detection and classification of arrhythmias in nois...

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computers in Cardiology (CinC)

作者： S.D. Greenwald R.S. Patil R.G. Mark Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard and MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science M.I.T. Cambridge MA USA

A novel approach for employing contextual information to process noisy electrocardiograms (ECGs) is described. The method is embedded in HOBBES, an expert arrhythmia analysis system. HOBBES is a post-processor to ARISTOTLE, a classical arrhythmia detector. ARISTOTLE and HOBBES were evaluated using a database of 35 half-hour records containing a mixture of supraventricular and ventricular ectopic activity. The HOBBES-assisted system performed dramatically better than ARISTOTLE alone in processing noisy ECGs.< >

关键词： Electrocardiography Humans Morphology Noise figure Event detection Expert systems Pattern analysis Shape measurement Heart rate computer science

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