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arXiv 2024年

作者： Das, Prasanna Rudra, Sourav Rao, Dheemahi Banerjee, Souvik Indiradevi, Ashalatha Pillai, Kamalasanan Garbrecht, Magnus Boltasseva, Alexandra Bondarev, Igor V. Shalaev, Vladimir M. Saha, Bivas Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit International Centre for Materials Science Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Bangalore560064 India Sydney Microscopy and Microanalysis The University of Sydney CamperdownNSW2006 Australia Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Mathematics & Physics North Carolina Central University DurhamNC27707 United States School of Advanced Materials and Sheikh Saqr Laboratory Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Bangalore560064 India

Plasmon resonance in metals represents the collective oscillation of the free electron gas density and enables enhanced light-matter interactions in nanoscale dimensions 1–4. Traditionally, the classical Drude model describes the plasmonic excitation, wherein the plasma frequency exhibits no spatial dispersion 5. Here, we show conclusive experimental evidence of the breakdown of the plasmon resonance and a consequent photonic metal-insulator transition in an ultrathin archetypal refractory plasmonic material, hafnium nitride (HfN). Epitaxial HfN thick films exhibit a low-loss and high-quality Drude-like plasmon resonance in the visible spectral range 6,7. However, as the film thickness is reduced to nanoscale dimensions, the Coulomb interaction among electrons increases due to the electron confinement, leading to the spatial dispersion of the plasma frequency 8,9. Importantly, with the further decrease in thickness, electrons lose their ability to shield the incident electric field, turning the medium into a dielectric. The breakdown of the plasmon resonance in epitaxial ultrathin metals could be useful for fundamental physics studies in transdimensional regimes 10 and novel photonic device applications. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Electrons

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Over-the-Air Federated Multi-Task Learning via Model Sparsification and Turbo Compressed Sensing

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ma, Haoming Yuan, Xiaojun Ding, Zhi Fan, Dian Fang, Jun The National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communication The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at Davis DavisCA95616 United States

To achieve communication-efficient federated multitask learning (FMTL), we propose an over-the-air FMTL (OA-FMTL) framework, where multiple learning tasks deployed on edge devices share a non-orthogonal fading channel under the coordination of an edge server (ES). In OA-FMTL, the local updates of edge devices are sparsified, compressed, and then sent over the uplink channel in a superimposed fashion. The ES employs over-the-air computation in the presence of inter-task interference. More specifically, the model aggregations of all the tasks are reconstructed from the channel observations concurrently, based on a modified version of the turbo compressed sensing (Turbo-CS) algorithm (named as M-Turbo-CS). We analyze the performance of the proposed OA-FMTL framework together with the M-Turbo-CS algorithm. Furthermore, based on the analysis, we formulate a communication-learning optimization problem to improve the system performance by adjusting the power allocation among the tasks at the edge devices. Numerical simulations show that our proposed OA-FMTL effectively suppresses the inter-task interference, and achieves a learning performance comparable to its counterpart with orthogonal multi-task transmission. It is also shown that the proposed inter-task power allocation optimization algorithm substantially reduces the overall communication overhead by appropriately adjusting the power allocation among the tasks. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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Evaluating Electric Vehicle Charging Impacts on Distribution Grid Stability and Efficiency Through Adaptive Load Management Strategies

Evaluating Electric Vehicle Charging Impacts on Distribution...

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2025 International Conference on Intelligent Control, Computing and Communications, IC3 2025

作者： Janakiraman, V. Ahmad, Sabbir Revathi, V. Dutt, Amit Rani, K.Pushpa Al-Rubaye, Taqi Mohammed Khattab Bobba, Phaneendra Babu Galgotias university Department of Electrical Electronics & Communication Engineering Uttar Pradesh Gerater Noida203201 India University Polytechnic Jamia Millia Islamia Department of Electronics Engineering F/O Engineering & Tech India New Horizon College of Engineering Department of Applied Sciences Bangalore India Lovely Professional University Phagwara India Mlr Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Telangana Hyderabad India College of Medical Technologies The Islamic University Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Najaf Iraq Griet Department of Eee Telangana Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527495

The high growth rates of the EV market create complex issues for distribution grids, forcing a detailed examination of grid responses at high rates of EV deployment. This paper seeks to elucidate the effects of EV charging on the distribution grid stability With this, the impact of the pod on voltage fluctuations, line load, and power loss is assessed using the IEEE 37-bus system. Load patterns of EV charging stations are consequently simulated successfully by a number of real and statistically created synthetic data sources, which truly represent averaged fluctuations in load. The study looks at several charging methods of the EV, such as time of use and smart charging, to determine their impact on the grids. Furthermore, the utilization of renewable energy sources for improving the aspects of grid reliability is explored. Regarding performance aspects related to the expansion of widespread EV charging and the efficiency of the applied measures for grid stabilization, the results of this study offer beneficial information. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Electric buses

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High Rectification, Low Leakage p-Si/n-AlN Heterojunction PN Diode

IEEE Electron Device Letters

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IEEE Electron Device Letters 2025年

作者： Lu, Yi Zhou, Jie Gong, Jiarui Liu, Yang Cao, Haicheng Nong, Mingtao Liu, Zhiyuan Alam, Md.Tahmidul Gupta, Chirag Li, Xiaohang Ma, Zhenqiang University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MadisonWI53706 United States CEMSE Division Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

Ultrawide bandgap AlN is a highly attractive material for power and radio frequency electronics. Unipolar n-AlN Schottky barrier diodes have demonstrated their strengths, whereas further development of AlN-based bipolar devices is desired but lacked. In this letter, we report single-crystalline p-Si/n-AlN p-n diodes (PNDs) with superior performance, accomplished by grafting a p-type Si nanomembrane onto an n-AlN film. Improved Ohmic contact directly on n-AlN was obtained through high temperature annealing at 1100 °C with contact resistivity of 4.9×10-3 Ω. cm2. The PNDs exhibited remarkable uniformity across the wafer, excellent rectifying characteristics with a high ratio of ~3×107 at ±10 V, low leakage current density of ~6.25×10-9 A/cm2 at -10 V, and hysteresis-free operation from -10 V to 30 V. Furthermore, the devices demonstrated superior thermal stability, with the on-resistance decreasing from 15.8 to 0.33 Ω. cm2 as temperature increased from room temperature to 100 °C, revealing an activation energy of ~425 meV for deep donor state in AlN. No destructive breakdown of the devices was observed up to –894 V. These results highlight the Si/AlN PNDs’ potential for development of AlN-based electronic devices. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Heterojunctions

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DNA serial dilution: an investigation toward accurate broadband plasmonic signature 22

DNA serial dilution: an investigation toward accurate broadb...

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Plasmonics in Biology and Medicine XXII 2025

作者： Dehzangi, Arash Ghasemi, Masih Choudhury, P.K. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Dallas RichardsonTX United States Laser and Plasma Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University Daneshju Blvd.Evin Tehran Iran College of Optical Science and Engineering International Research Center for Advanced Photonics Zhejiang University Building 1A 718 East Haizhou Rd. Zhejiang Haining China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684225

Serial dilution of Balb/c rat DNA in the visible broadband plasmonic spectroscopy was explored as a promising technique to reduce this genomic substance concentration in the nanoscale. The physical DNA of a living creature, after extraction from the resources (such as blood, nail, hair, tissue, and other possible organs) assumes amorphous pile of strands in the microscale or larger. The serial dilution technique was exploited to exponentially decrease the DNA concentration of BALB/c rat - the target living mammal - in the nanoscale, and the diluted DNA was deposited over a thin film of gold (for fixturing and removing moisture). Plasmonic surface waves of different frequencies were found to promote wave propagation more efficiently when lower thickness of unstructured-nanoscale-DNA layer was deposited (over gold thin film). The results manifest that the most diluted DNA sample reveals distinguishable plasmonic conditions. The sensitivity of the configuration was enhanced in the presence of a DNA sample (as compared to the case of non-existing measurand), which was further increased for larger incidence angles. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Surface plasmon resonance

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Interferometric Purcell Suppression of Spontaneous Emission in a Superconducting Qubit

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yen, Alec Ye, Yufeng Peng, Kaidong Wang, Jennifer Cunningham, Gregory Gingras, Michael Niedzielski, Bethany M. Stickler, Hannah Serniak, Kyle Schwartz, Mollie E. O'Brien, Kevin P. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States MIT Lincoln Laboratory LexingtonMA02421 United States

In superconducting qubits, suppression of spontaneous emission is essential to achieve fast dispersive measurement and reset without sacrificing qubit lifetime. We show that resonator-mediated decay of the qubit mode to the feedline can be suppressed using destructive interference, where the readout resonator is coupled to the feedline at two points. This "interferometric Purcell filter" does not require dedicated filter components or impedance mismatch in the feedline, making it suitable for applications such as all-pass readout. We design and fabricate a device with the proposed scheme and demonstrate suppression of resonator-mediated decay that exceeds 2 orders of magnitude over a bandwidth of 400MHz. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spontaneous emission

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Evaluating Electric Vehicle Charging Impacts on Distribution Grid Stability and Efficiency Through Adaptive Load Management Strategies

Evaluating Electric Vehicle Charging Impacts on Distribution...

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Intelligent Control, Computing and Communications (IC3), International Conference on

作者： V. Janakiraman Sabbir Ahmad Revathi V Amit Dutt K.Pushpa Rani Taqi Mohammed Khattab Al-Rubaye Phaneendra babu Bobba Department of Electrical Electronics & Communication Engineering Galgotias university Gerater Noida Uttar Pradesh India Department of Electronics Engineering University Polytechnic F/O Engineering & Tech Jamia Millia Islamia India Department of Applied Sciences New Horizon College of Engineering Bangalore India Lovely Professional University Phagwara India Department of Computer Science and Engineering MLR Institute of Technology Hyderabad Telangana India Department of Medical Laboratory Technology College of Medical Technologies The Islamic University Najaf Iraq Department of EEE GRIET Hyderabad Telangana India

ISBN: (数字)9798331527495

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527501

关键词： Renewable energy sources Fluctuations Voltage fluctuations Power system stability Stability analysis Voltage control Vehicle dynamics Thermal stability Smart charging Synthetic data

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Chiral, Topological, and Knotted Colloids in Liquid Crystals

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yuan, Ye Smalyukh, Ivan I. Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Department of Physics Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

The geometric shape, symmetry, and topology of colloidal particles often allow for controlling colloidal phase behavior and physical properties of these soft matter systems. In liquid crystalline dispersions, colloidal particles with low symmetry and nontrivial topology of surface confinement are of particular interest, including surfaces shaped as handlebodies, spirals, knots, multi-component links, and so on. These types of colloidal surfaces induce topologically nontrivial three-dimensional director field configurations and topological defects. Director switching by electric fields, laser tweezing of defects, and local photo-thermal melting of the liquid crystal host medium promote transformations among many stable and metastable particle-induced director configurations that can be revealed by means of direct label-free three-dimensional nonlinear optical imaging. The interplay between topologies of colloidal surfaces, director fields, and defects is found to show a number of unexpected features, such as knotting and linking of line defects, often uniquely arising from the nonpolar nature of the nematic director field. This review article highlights fascinating examples of new physical behavior arising from the interplay of nematic molecular order and both chiral symmetry and topology of colloidal inclusions within the nematic host. Furthermore, the article concludes with a brief discussion of how these findings may lay the groundwork for new types of topology-dictated self-assembly in soft condensed matter leading to novel mesostructured composite materials, as well as for experimental insights into the pure-math aspects of low-dimensional topology. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Crystal symmetry

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ComBat harmonization for multicenter MRI based radiomics features

ComBat harmonization for multicenter MRI based radiomics fea...

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IEEE International Workshop on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST)

作者： Elisavet Stamoulou Georgios C. Manikis Manolis Tsiknakis Kostas Marias Computational Biomedicine Laboratory Institute of Computer Science FORTH-Hellas Heraklion Greece Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Computational Biomedicine Laboratory Institute of Computer Science FORTHHellas Hellenic Mediterranean University Heraklion Greece

ISBN: (数字)9781728173719

ISBN: (纸本)9781728173726

Radiomics, the high-throughput feature extraction from medical images, has gained momentum in radiology and the noninvasive assessment of the tumor, treatment response and therapy monitoring. A significant effort has been put to incorporate radiomics in the clinical setting, towards developing radiomics-based machine learning models from a large amount of images across multiple centers. However, multicenter radiomics has been proven to be sensitive to different scanner models, acquisition protocols and reconstruction settings, deriving imaging features of increased variability that hamper robustness and generalizability of the models. Recent literature has stressed the importance of utilizing harmonization techniques to compensate for multicenter effects. These include traditional image-based techniques and harmonization at the feature level using ComBat. The latter has been shown to have increased performance in several radiomics studies. To this end, this study investigated the capability of ComBat and M-ComBat to eliminate the “center-effect” of multicenter images from an heterogeneous TCIA public dataset. Both methods were tested on 102 patients with WHO grade IV glioblastomas and 64 patients with WHO grade II and III glioma and performance was assessed using a machine learning pipeline comprising combinations of different feature selection, data resampling and machine learning models. A significant increase in the performance was obtained using M-ComBat, yielding a Matthew Correlation Coefficient of $0.91 \pm 0.05$ compared to $0.76 \pm 0.08$ that was obtained with the absence of any harmonization prior to model development.

关键词： Protocols Pipelines Medical treatment Machine learning Radiology Feature extraction Robustness

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NTIRE 2023 Challenge on Light Field Image Super-Resolution: Dataset, Methods and Results

NTIRE 2023 Challenge on Light Field Image Super-Resolution: ...

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2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2023

作者： Wang, Yingqian Wang, Longguang Liang, Zhengyu Yang, Jungang Timofte, Radu Guo, Yulan Jin, Kai Wei, Zeqiang Yang, Angulia Guo, Sha Gao, Mingzhi Zhou, Xiuzhuang Van Duong, Vinh Huu, Thuc Nguyen Yim, Jonghoon Jeon, Byeungwoo Liu, Yutong Cheng, Zhen Xiao, Zeyu Xu, Ruikang Xiong, Zhiwei Liu, Gaosheng Jin, Manchang Yue, Huanjing Yang, Jingyu Gao, Chen Zhang, Shuo Chang, Song Lin, Youfang Chao, Wentao Wang, Xuechun Wang, Guanghui Duan, Fuqing Xia, Wang Wang, Yan Xia, Peiqi Wang, Shunzhou Lu, Yao Cong, Ruixuan Sheng, Hao Yang, Da Chen, Rongshan Wang, Sizhe Cui, Zhenglong Chen, Yilei Lu, Yongjie Cai, Dongjun An, Ping Salem, Ahmed Ibrahem, Hatem Yagoub, Bilel Kang, Hyun-Soo Zeng, Zekai Wu, Heng National University of Defense Technology China Aviation University of Air Force China University of Würzburg Germany Eth Zürich Switzerland Sun Yat-sen University The Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University China Bigo Technology Pte. Ltd. Singapore Smart Medical Innovation Lab Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China Global Explorer Ltd. Suzhou China National Engineering Research Center of Visual Technology School of Computer Science Peking University China School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of University of Science and Technology of China China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin University China Beijing Key Lab of Traffic Data Analysis and Mining School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University China Beijing Normal University China Toronto Metropolitan University Canada Beijing Institute of Technology China Shenzhen MSU-BIT University China State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University China Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang China Faculty of Applied Sciences Macao Polytechnic University China School of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai University China School of Information and Communication Engineering Chungbuk National University Korea Republic of Guangdong University of Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

In this report, we summarize the first NTIRE challenge on light field (LF) image super-resolution (SR), which aims at super-resolving LF images under the standard bicubic degradation with a magnification factor of 4. This challenge develops a new LF dataset called NTIRE-2023 for validation and test, and provides a toolbox called BasicLFSR to facilitate model development. Compared with single image SR, the major challenge of LF image SR lies in how to exploit complementary angular information from plenty of views with varying disparities. In total, 148 participants have registered the challenge, and 11 teams have successfully submitted results with PSNR scores higher than the baseline method LF-InterNet [1]. These newly developed methods have set new state-of-the-art in LF image SR, e.g., the winning method achieves around 1 dB PSNR improvement over the existing state-of-the-art method DistgSSR [2]. We report the solutions proposed by the participants, and summarize their common trends and useful tricks. We hope this challenge can stimulate future research and inspire new ideas in LF image SR. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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