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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Lee, Kyungmin Kyung, Minwook Park, Jagang Kim, Yung Cho, Hyuckjoon Choi, Joonhee Min, Bumki Department of Physics Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States

We experimentally observe the discrete time-quasicrystalline phase in microwave temporal crystals. In addition, it was confirmed that the microwave time quasicrystal is robust against spatial defects to a certain degr... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Quasicrystals

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Wireless Federated Learning Over Resource-Constrained Networks: Digital Versus Analog Transmissions

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2024年第10期23卷 14020-14036页

作者： Yao, Jiacheng Xu, Wei Yang, Zhaohui You, Xiaohu Bennis, Mehdi Poor, H. Vincent Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou311121 China The College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou310027 China The Center for Wireless Communications Oulu University Oulu90014 Finland The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

To enable wireless federated learning (FL) in communication resource-constrained networks, two communication schemes, i.e., digital and analog ones, are effective solutions. In this paper, we quantitatively compare these two techniques, highlighting their essential differences as well as respectively suitable scenarios. We first examine both digital and analog transmission schemes, together with a unified and fair comparison framework under imbalanced device sampling, strict latency targets, and transmit power constraints. A universal convergence analysis under various imperfections is established for evaluating the performance of FL over wireless networks. These analytical results reveal that the fundamental difference between the digital and analog communications lies in whether communication and computation are jointly designed or not. The digital scheme decouples the communication design from FL computing tasks, making it difficult to support uplink transmission from massive devices with limited bandwidth and hence the performance is mainly communication-limited. In contrast, the analog communication allows over-the-air computation (AirComp) and achieves better spectrum utilization. However, the computation-oriented analog transmission reduces power efficiency, and its performance is sensitive to computation errors from imperfect channel state information (CSI). Furthermore, device sampling for both schemes are optimized and differences in sampling optimization are analyzed. Numerical results verify the theoretical analysis and affirm the superior performance of the sampling optimization. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Channel state information

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A Novel Optimization Technique for Designing Frequency Reconfigurable Pixelated Planar Antenna

A Novel Optimization Technique for Designing Frequency Recon...

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2023 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2023

作者： Qiao, Tianrui Tang, Shiwen Rao, Junhui Zhang, Yujie Chiu, Chi-Yuk Cheng, Qingsha S. Murch, Ross Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shenzhen China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781665442282

A novel method incorporating joint perturbation sensitivity analysis is proposed in this paper to design frequency reconfigurable planar antennas with a pixelated surface. Using our method, an antenna design having two switched working frequency bands and omnidirectional radiation patterns, is optimized. The simulation results verify its efficacy and potential computation efficiency. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Design of a Smart Energy Meter and Monitoring System for Industrial and Residential Use Based on the Internet of Things

Design of a Smart Energy Meter and Monitoring System for Ind...

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2023 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking, ICSCAN 2023

作者： Moorthy, Vijai Meyyappan Muthukumaran Mansingh, Benson Manoj, Britto Sateesh Kumar Reddy, C. Elango, Arul Vignan Foundation of Science Research and Technology Department of Advanced Computer Science and Engineering Andhra Pradesh Guntur India M. I. E. T. Engineering College Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamilnadu Trichy India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315127

Electronic meters have become increasingly important for efficient energy use, and the proposed research aims to develop an IoT-based architecture for metering and monitoring. This smart monitoring and control system (SMACS) for home appliances is suggested to enhance household electricity control. The technology uses a wireless control module with an ESP8266 microcontroller and Wi-Fi channel to monitor current consumption and send measured amounts over Wi-Fi. The system calculates current consumption, counts units, and displays results on the user's website and smartphone. It avoids using traditional analog and digital meter reading techniques and allows remote access to electronic meters. The proposed work offers lower total costs, greater energy savings, and reduced time and labour requirements. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Domestic appliances

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Generalized LRS Estimator for Min-Entropy Estimation

Generalized LRS Estimator for Min-Entropy Estimation

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作者： Woo, Jiheon Yoo, Chanhee Kim, Young-Sik Cassuto, Yuval Kim, Yongjune Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang37673 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Daegu42988 Korea Republic of Chosun University Department of Information and Communication Engineering Gwangju61452 Korea Republic of Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Viterbi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Haifa32000 Israel Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei University Seoul03722 Korea Republic of

The min-entropy is a widely used metric to quantify the randomness of generated random numbers, which measures the difficulty of guessing the most likely output. It is difficult to accurately estimate the min-entropy of a non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) source. Hence, NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-90B adopts ten different min-entropy estimators and then conservatively selects the minimum value among these ten min-entropy estimates. Among these estimators, the longest repeated substring (LRS) estimator estimates the collision entropy instead of the min-entropy by counting the number of repeated substrings. Since the collision entropy is an upper bound on the min-entropy, the LRS estimator inherently provides overestimated outputs. In this paper, we propose two techniques to estimate the min-entropy of a non-IID source accurately. The first technique resolves the overestimation problem by translating the collision entropy into the min-entropy. Next, we generalize the LRS estimator by adopting the general Rényi entropy instead of the collision entropy (i.e., Rényi entropy of order two). We show that adopting a higher order can reduce the variance of min-entropy estimates. By integrating these techniques, we propose a generalized LRS estimator that effectively resolves the overestimation problem and provides stable min-entropy estimates. Theoretical analysis and empirical results support that the proposed generalized LRS estimator improves the estimation accuracy significantly, which makes it an appealing alternative to the LRS estimator. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency estimation

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Clutter and Ambiguity Reduction Using 3-Dimensional Side-Looking Synthetic Aperture Radar

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 2023年 102卷 115-130页

作者： Kelly, Colin D. Dogaru, Traian V. Gallagher, Kyle A. Le, Calvin D. Phelan, Brian R. Narayanan, Ram M. The Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA16802 United States The U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Army Research Laboratory AdelphiMD20783 United States

Advancement in radar component technology has led to a reduction in the size, weight, and power consumption of radar systems. Experimental radar systems can now be integrated onto smaller, maneuverable platforms, such as small unmanned aerial vehicles (sUAVs). Integration onto rotor-based sUAVs enables data collection over novel synthetic apertures which can be optimized for different scenarios. The design, simulation, and experimentation of a light-weight, ultra-wideband synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is presented here that will be used for the detection of obscured surface targets. The approach outlined herein uses 3-dimensional (3-D) imagery to vertically resolve clutter from the target. A vertical-grid aperture is presented which yields vertical resolution. Point spread functions are derived for both linear and vertical-grid apertures. The analytical expressions are verified using simulations. Finally, experimental data is used to form 3-D imagery and demonstrate the importance of vertical resolution in the discrimination between scatterers above the ground, as well as clutter mitigation. © (2023). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar

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通过深度神经网络与皮层网络的多级整合增强自然感知的神经编码模型

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science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1738-1747页

作者：李远宁杨虎铮顾实 School of Biomedical Engineering&State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Department of Computer and Information Science University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhen 518110China

Cognitive neuroscience aims to develop computational models that can accurately predict and explain neural responses to sensory inputs in the cortex. Recent studies attempt to leverage the representation power of deep neural networks(DNNs) to predict the brain response and suggest a correspondence between artificial and biological neural networks in their feature representations. However, typical voxel-wise encoding models tend to rely on specific networks designed for computer vision tasks, leading to suboptimal brain-wide correspondence during cognitive tasks. To address this challenge, this work proposes a novel approach that upgrades voxel-wise encoding models through multi-level integration of features from DNNs and information from brain networks. Our approach combines DNN feature-level ensemble learning and brain atlas-level model integration, resulting in significant improvements in predicting whole-brain neural activity during naturalistic video perception. Furthermore, this multi-level integration framework enables a deeper understanding of the brain's neural representation mechanism, accurately predicting the neural response to complex visual concepts. We demonstrate that neural encoding models can be optimized by leveraging a framework that integrates both data-driven approaches and theoretical insights into the functional structure of the cortical networks.

关键词： Neural encoding Visual perception Artificial neural networks Functional neuroimaging Naturalistic stimuli

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Automatic search for photoacoustic marker using automated transrectal ultrasound

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Biomedical Optics Express 2023年第11期14卷 6016-6030页

作者： Wu, Zijian Moradi, Hamid Yang, Shuojue Song, Hyunwoo Boctor, Emad M. Salcudean, Septimiu E. Johns Hopkins University Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics BaltimoreMD United States University of British Columbia Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering VancouverBC Canada University of Texas at Austin Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering AustinTX United States Johns Hopkins University Dept. of Computer Science BaltimoreMD United States

Real-time transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) image guidance during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy has the potential to enhance surgery outcomes. Whether conventional or photoacoustic TRUS is used, the robotic system and the TRUS must be registered to each other. Accurate registration can be performed using photoacoustic (PA markers). However, this requires a manual search by an assistant [IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett 8, 1287 (2023).]. This paper introduces the first automatic search for PA markers using a transrectal ultrasound robot. This effectively reduces the challenges associated with the da Vinci-TRUS registration. This paper investigated the performance of three search algorithms in simulation and experiment: Weighted Average (WA), Golden Section Search (GSS), and Ternary Search (TS). For validation, a surgical prostate scenario was mimicked and various ex vivo tissues were tested. As a result, the WA algorithm can achieve 0.53°±0.30° average error after 9 data acquisitions, while the TS and GSS algorithm can achieve 0.29◦±0.31◦ and 0.48°±0.32° average errors after 28 data acquisitions. © 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Urology

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Wearable Ultrasound devices for continuous health monitoring: Current and future Prospects 8

Wearable Ultrasound devices for continuous health monitoring...

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8th IEEE International Energy Conference, ENERGYCON 2024

作者： Ottakath, Najmath Al-Maadeed, Somaya Bouridane, Ahmed Chowdhury, Muhammad E.H. Sadasivuni, Kishor Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar Center of Data Analytics and Cybersecurity University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar Center for Advanced Materials Qatar University Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382150

Advancements in wearable electronics and portable sensors have enabled long-term and real-time health monitoring. Among these advancements, wearable ultrasound devices have garnered attention due to their portability, ease of use, and ability to penetrate deep tissues in the human body. The images generated by these devices can be harnessed for computer vision tasks, providing valuable insights into an individual’s health status even during physical activity. This paper explores the design of such wearable ultrasound imagers, surveys their current applications, and offers insights into future prospects, including visual image processing and real-time analysis. The study also addresses the challenges of using wearable ultrasound for long-term health monitoring, emphasizing the need for ongoing innovation and research. ©2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonics

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Switching Loss Reduction on Cascaded H-Bridge Converter with Diode Clamped Transformer Grounding Scheme 10

Switching Loss Reduction on Cascaded H-Bridge Converter with...

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10th IEEE Workshop on Wide Bandgap Power Devices and Applications, WiPDA 2023

作者： Gao, Zihan Chen, Ruirui Li, Dingrui Wang, Fred University of Tennessee Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KnoxvilleTN United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337136

Parasitic capacitance of dc/dc transformers interfacing the cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) converter can introduce extra switching losses. A switching loss reduction method with diode clamped grounding for dc/dc transformers connecting CHB is proposed in this paper. The transformer grounding is connected to diode clamping circuit on the low voltage dc link to partially cancel the voltage charging/discharging the parasitic capacitances. Simulation and test have been demonstrated that the proposed method has reduced 53% of the parasitics induced loss and \sim 6% of the total converter loss in the setup with one simple diode half-bridge clamping circuit added on each converter cell. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Diodes

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